Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo

El presente estudio se centra en el diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W a base de extracto Full Spectrum, destilado y sin destilar, con CBD al 5%, con el objetivo de mejorar sus propiedades organolépticas, principalmente el sabor. Se formularon cuatro prototipos con polisorbato 20 (5%), gom...

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Autores:: Morales Pinto, Erica Dayana

Tipo de recurso:: https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f

Fecha de publicación:: 2025

Institución:: Universidad El Bosque

Repositorio:: Repositorio U. El Bosque

Idioma:: spa

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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv	Design and characterization of an O/W emulsion that improves the organoleptic characteristics of Full Spectrum with 5% non-psychoactive CBD
title	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
spellingShingle	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo Full Spectrum Emulsión O/W Reología Goma xantana Estabilidad Cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia 615.19 Full Spectrum O/W emulsion Rheology Xanthan gum Stability High performance liquid chromatography
title_short	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
title_full	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
title_fullStr	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
title_full_unstemmed	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
title_sort	Diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivo
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Morales Pinto, Erica Dayana
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv	Sosa Venegas, Luis Mauricio Jimenez Cruz, Ronald Andres
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv	Morales Pinto, Erica Dayana
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Full Spectrum Emulsión O/W Reología Goma xantana Estabilidad Cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia
topic	Full Spectrum Emulsión O/W Reología Goma xantana Estabilidad Cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia 615.19 Full Spectrum O/W emulsion Rheology Xanthan gum Stability High performance liquid chromatography
dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv	615.19
dc.subject.keywords.none.fl_str_mv	Full Spectrum O/W emulsion Rheology Xanthan gum Stability High performance liquid chromatography
description	El presente estudio se centra en el diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W a base de extracto Full Spectrum, destilado y sin destilar, con CBD al 5%, con el objetivo de mejorar sus propiedades organolépticas, principalmente el sabor. Se formularon cuatro prototipos con polisorbato 20 (5%), goma xantana (0,25% y 0,5%), MCT (5%), stevia (0,8%), menta (1%) y agua desionizada (82%). La emulsificación se realizó mediante un proceso de alta energía, seguida de evaluaciones reológicas y farmacotécnicas por triplicado, incluyendo tamaño de gota, potencial Z, centrifugación y miscibilidad. Los resultados mostraron una amplia dispersión en el tamaño de gota (50-869 nm) y un potencial Z cercano a cero, lo que indica baja repulsión electrostática, sin embargo, la estabilidad se vio favorecida por la presencia de goma xantana . Se seleccionó el prototipo 4 para la cuantificación de CBD por cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (HPLC), obteniéndose una concentración final de 3,4%, menor a la esperada, lo que sugiere pérdidas durante el proceso. Además, se evidenció que las condiciones ambientales afectan la estabilidad y composición de la emulsión. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de optimizar la formulación y los parámetros de procesamiento para mejorar la estabilidad del CBD y las características sensoriales del producto.
publishDate	2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2025-05-15T14:27:51Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2025-05-15T14:27:51Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2025-05
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dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
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identifier_str_mv	Universidad El Bosque reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv	[1] Baratta F, Peira E, Maza C, Gallarate M, Brusa P. Cannabis-Based Oral Emulsion for Medical Purposes to Meet the Needs of Patients: Formulation, Quality and Stability. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(3). [2] Al Ubeed HMS, Bhuyan DJ, Alsherbiny MA, Basu A, Vuong Q V. A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis. Molecules. 2022;27(3):1–18. [3] Oultram JMJ, Pegler JL, Bowser TA, Ney LJ, Eamens AL, Grof CPL. Cannabis sativa: Interdisciplinary strategies and avenues for medical and commercial progression outside of CBD and THC. Biomedicines. 2021;9(3):1–44. [4] Jagannathan R. Identification of Psychoactive Metabolites from Cannabis sativa, Its Smoke, and Other Phytocannabinoids Using Machine Learning and Multivariate Methods. ACS Omega. 2020;5(1):281–95. [5] Villaverde S. Técnicas de extracción y caracterización de cannabinoides a partir de la planta de cannabis sativa L. 2020. [6] Melania A, Minchala L. Extracción de aceite esencial de Cannabis utilizando dos técnicas de laboratorio determinando el método mas eficiente. 2022;52–100. [7] Lazarjani MP, Young O, Kebede L, Seyfoddin A. Processing and extraction methods of medicinal cannabis: a narrative review. J Cannabis Res [Internet]. 2021;3(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-021-00087- [8] Díaz Moreno PA. Producción y caracterización de un extracto estandarizado de Cannabis no psicoactivo apto para la elaboración de productos fitoterapéuticos de uso humano. 2022 [9] Lewis-Bakker MM, Yang Y, Vyawahare R, Kotra LP. Extractions of Medical Cannabis Cultivars and the Role of Decarboxylation in Optimal Receptor Responses. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2019;4(3):183–94. [10] James, A. "Types of CBD Guide: Full-Spectrum, Broad-Spectrum, and Isolate." Politics. 2024. [11] Zou S, Kumar U. Cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoid system: Signaling and function in the central nervous system. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(3). [12] Millar SA, Maguire RF, Yates AS, O’sullivan SE. Towards better delivery of cannabidiol (Cbd). Pharmaceuticals. 2020;13(9):1–15. [13] Malabadi RB, Kolkar KP, Viviana K, Coronado C, Chalannavar RK. Cannabis sativa : Quality control testing measures and guidelines : An update. 2025; [14] Nakano Y, Tajima M, Sugiyama E, Sato VH, Sato H. Development of a Novel Nano-emulsion Formulation to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Cannabidiol. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2019;2(1):35–42. [15] Palrasu M, Wright L, Patel M, Leech L, Branch S, Harrelson S, et al. Perspectives on Challenges in Cannabis Drug Delivery Systems: Where Are We? Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2022;5(1):102–19. [16] Malabadi RB, Kolkar KP, Chalannavar RK, Baijnath H. Cannabis sativa : Extraction Methods for Phytocannabinoids -An Update Cannabis sativa : Extraction Methods for Phytocannabinoids -An Update. 2024;(December). [17] Orozco A, Otalora J, Cepeda S. Requerimientos legales y de mercado para línea cosmética a base de cannabis, distribuida en venta directa para Colombia. 2020. [18] Meacham M, Paul M, Ramo D. Understanding emerging forms of cannabis use through an online cannabis community: an analysis of relative post volume and subjective highness ratings. 2018. [19] De Prá MAA, Vardanega R, Loss CG. Lipid-based formulations to increase cannabidiol bioavailability: In vitro digestion tests, pre-clinical assessment and clinical trial. Int J Pharm. 2021;609(September). [20] Nakano Y, Tajima M, Sugiyama E, Sato VH, Sato H. Development of a Novel Nano-emulsion Formulation to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Cannabidiol. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2019;2(1):35–42. [21] Tahan I. FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF CANNABIDIOL USING VARIOUS. 2024 [22] Fantou C, Comesse S, Renou F, Grisel M. Hydrophobically modified xanthan: Thickening and surface active agent for highly stable oil in water emulsions. Carbohydr Polym. 2019;205(August 2018):362–70. [23] Perrier D, Mihalov J, Carlson S. "FDA regulatory approach to steviol glycosides." Food and Chemical Toxicology 122 (2018): 132-142. [24] Zielińska, Aleksandra, et al. "Phytocannabinoids: Chromatographic screening of cannabinoids and loading into lipid nanoparticles." Molecules 28.6 (2023): 2875. [25] Masalova I, Foudazi R, Malkin A. The rheology of highly concentrated emulsions stabilized with different surfactants. 2011:1–15. [26] Zhang W, Zhang Y, He Y, Xu X, Zhao X. Oil density and viscosity affect emulsion stability and destabilization mechanism. J Food Eng. 2024;366 (August 2023) [27] Shubham, K, Meenakshi K. "Liquid and Polydisperse Systems: Emulsions." Advances in Pharmaceutical Product Development. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. 219-243. [28] Leibtag S, Peshkovsky A. Cannabis extract nanoemulsions produced by high-intensity ultrasound: Formulation development and scale-up. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol [Internet]. 2020;60(July):101953. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101953 [29] Shao P, Feng J, Sun P, Xiang N, Lu B, Qiu D. Recent advances in improving stability of food emulsion by plant polysaccharides. Food Res Int [Internet]. 2020;137(May):109376. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109376 [30] Chondrou AP, Evgenidis SP, Karapantsios TD, Kostoglou M. Emulsions stability in weightlessness: Droplets size, droplets coalescence and phases spatial distribution. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp. 2024;702(July). [31] Note TA, Studies NE, Optimization OP. TURBISCAN APPLICATION NOTE ONLINE EMULSIFICATION STUDIES FORMULATION PROCESS OPTIMIZATION How it works. :1–3. [32] Pichot R, Spyropoulos F, Norton IT. O/W emulsions stabilised by both low molecular weight surfactants and colloidal particles: The effect of surfactant type and concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2010;352(1):128–35. [33] Marangoni IP, Marangoni AG. Cannabis edibles: dosing, encapsulation, and stability considerations. Curr Opin Food Sci. 2019;28:1–6. [34] Feng Y, Kilker SR, Lee Y. Surface charge (zeta-potential) of nanoencapsulated food ingredients. Charact Nanoencapsulated Food Ingredients. 2020;(1):213–41. [35] Garcia FL, Ma S, Dave A, Acevedo‐fani A. Structural and physicochemical characteristics of oil bodies from hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa L.). Foods. 2021;10(12). [36] Zielińska A, da Ana R, Fonseca J, Szalata M, Wielgus K, Fathi F, et al. Phytocannabinoids: Chromatographic Screening of Cannabinoids and Loading into Lipid Nanoparticles. Molecules. 2023;28(6). [37] Zheng, Huijuan, Bingcan Chen, and Jiajia Rao. "Nutraceutical potential of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) extracts: Physicochemical stability and bioaccessibility of cannabidiol (CBD) nanoemulsions." Food & Function 13.8 (2022): 4502-4512. [38] Tayal S, Tiwari P, Pratap Singh U, Dubey S, Vishwakarma R. A Review on Formulation, Characterization and Applications of Nanoemulsion. Asian J Appl Sci Technol. 2024;08(01):67–84. [39] Bharatbhusan, S. "LIQUID ORAL PREPARATIONS." A Text Book of Pharmaceutics for I Year Diploma in Pharmacy (2024): 282. [40] Pillai, Sreejarani Kesavan, et al. "Stability, biofunctional, and antimicrobial characteristics of cannabidiol isolate for the design of topical formulations." Soft Matter 20.10 (2024): 2348-2360.
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spelling	Sosa Venegas, Luis MauricioJimenez Cruz, Ronald AndresMorales Pinto, Erica Dayana2025-05-15T14:27:51Z2025-05-15T14:27:51Z2025-05https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/14345Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coEl presente estudio se centra en el diseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W a base de extracto Full Spectrum, destilado y sin destilar, con CBD al 5%, con el objetivo de mejorar sus propiedades organolépticas, principalmente el sabor. Se formularon cuatro prototipos con polisorbato 20 (5%), goma xantana (0,25% y 0,5%), MCT (5%), stevia (0,8%), menta (1%) y agua desionizada (82%). La emulsificación se realizó mediante un proceso de alta energía, seguida de evaluaciones reológicas y farmacotécnicas por triplicado, incluyendo tamaño de gota, potencial Z, centrifugación y miscibilidad. Los resultados mostraron una amplia dispersión en el tamaño de gota (50-869 nm) y un potencial Z cercano a cero, lo que indica baja repulsión electrostática, sin embargo, la estabilidad se vio favorecida por la presencia de goma xantana . Se seleccionó el prototipo 4 para la cuantificación de CBD por cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia (HPLC), obteniéndose una concentración final de 3,4%, menor a la esperada, lo que sugiere pérdidas durante el proceso. Además, se evidenció que las condiciones ambientales afectan la estabilidad y composición de la emulsión. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de optimizar la formulación y los parámetros de procesamiento para mejorar la estabilidad del CBD y las características sensoriales del producto.PregradoQuímico FarmacéuticoThe present study focuses on the design and characterization of an O/W emulsion based on Full Spectrum extract, distilled and undistilled, with 5% CBD, with the aim of improving its organoleptic properties, mainly flavor. Four prototypes were formulated with polysorbate 20 (5%), xanthan gum (0.25% and 0.5%), MCT (5%), stevia (0.8%), peppermint (1%) and deionized water (82%). Emulsification was performed by a high-energy process, followed by rheological and pharmacotechnical evaluations in triplicate, including drop size, Z-potential, centrifugation and miscibility. The results showed a wide dispersion in droplet size (50-869 nm) and a Z-potential close to zero, indicating low electrostatic repulsion, however, stability was favored by the presence of xanthan gum . Prototype 4 was selected for CBD quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), obtaining a final concentration of 3.4%, lower than expected, suggesting losses during the process. In addition, it was evidenced that environmental conditions affect the stability and composition of the emulsion. These findings highlight the need to optimize the formulation and processing parameters to improve CBD stability and sensory characteristics of the product.application/pdfAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Acceso abiertohttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Full SpectrumEmulsión O/WReologíaGoma xantanaEstabilidadCromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia615.19Full SpectrumO/W emulsionRheologyXanthan gumStabilityHigh performance liquid chromatographyDiseño y caracterización de una emulsión O/W que mejore las características organolépticas del Full Spectrum con CBD al 5% no psicoactivoDesign and characterization of an O/W emulsion that improves the organoleptic characteristics of Full Spectrum with 5% non-psychoactive CBDQuímica FarmacéuticaUniversidad El BosqueFacultad de CienciasTesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregradohttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1finfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa[1] Baratta F, Peira E, Maza C, Gallarate M, Brusa P. Cannabis-Based Oral Emulsion for Medical Purposes to Meet the Needs of Patients: Formulation, Quality and Stability. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(3).[2] Al Ubeed HMS, Bhuyan DJ, Alsherbiny MA, Basu A, Vuong Q V. A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis. Molecules. 2022;27(3):1–18.[3] Oultram JMJ, Pegler JL, Bowser TA, Ney LJ, Eamens AL, Grof CPL. Cannabis sativa: Interdisciplinary strategies and avenues for medical and commercial progression outside of CBD and THC. Biomedicines. 2021;9(3):1–44.[4] Jagannathan R. Identification of Psychoactive Metabolites from Cannabis sativa, Its Smoke, and Other Phytocannabinoids Using Machine Learning and Multivariate Methods. ACS Omega. 2020;5(1):281–95.[5] Villaverde S. Técnicas de extracción y caracterización de cannabinoides a partir de la planta de cannabis sativa L. 2020.[6] Melania A, Minchala L. Extracción de aceite esencial de Cannabis utilizando dos técnicas de laboratorio determinando el método mas eficiente. 2022;52–100.[7] Lazarjani MP, Young O, Kebede L, Seyfoddin A. Processing and extraction methods of medicinal cannabis: a narrative review. J Cannabis Res [Internet]. 2021;3(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-021-00087-[8] Díaz Moreno PA. Producción y caracterización de un extracto estandarizado de Cannabis no psicoactivo apto para la elaboración de productos fitoterapéuticos de uso humano. 2022[9] Lewis-Bakker MM, Yang Y, Vyawahare R, Kotra LP. Extractions of Medical Cannabis Cultivars and the Role of Decarboxylation in Optimal Receptor Responses. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2019;4(3):183–94.[10] James, A. "Types of CBD Guide: Full-Spectrum, Broad-Spectrum, and Isolate." Politics. 2024.[11] Zou S, Kumar U. Cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoid system: Signaling and function in the central nervous system. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(3).[12] Millar SA, Maguire RF, Yates AS, O’sullivan SE. Towards better delivery of cannabidiol (Cbd). Pharmaceuticals. 2020;13(9):1–15.[13] Malabadi RB, Kolkar KP, Viviana K, Coronado C, Chalannavar RK. Cannabis sativa : Quality control testing measures and guidelines : An update. 2025;[14] Nakano Y, Tajima M, Sugiyama E, Sato VH, Sato H. Development of a Novel Nano-emulsion Formulation to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Cannabidiol. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2019;2(1):35–42.[15] Palrasu M, Wright L, Patel M, Leech L, Branch S, Harrelson S, et al. Perspectives on Challenges in Cannabis Drug Delivery Systems: Where Are We? Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2022;5(1):102–19.[16] Malabadi RB, Kolkar KP, Chalannavar RK, Baijnath H. Cannabis sativa : Extraction Methods for Phytocannabinoids -An Update Cannabis sativa : Extraction Methods for Phytocannabinoids -An Update. 2024;(December).[17] Orozco A, Otalora J, Cepeda S. Requerimientos legales y de mercado para línea cosmética a base de cannabis, distribuida en venta directa para Colombia. 2020.[18] Meacham M, Paul M, Ramo D. Understanding emerging forms of cannabis use through an online cannabis community: an analysis of relative post volume and subjective highness ratings. 2018.[19] De Prá MAA, Vardanega R, Loss CG. Lipid-based formulations to increase cannabidiol bioavailability: In vitro digestion tests, pre-clinical assessment and clinical trial. Int J Pharm. 2021;609(September).[20] Nakano Y, Tajima M, Sugiyama E, Sato VH, Sato H. Development of a Novel Nano-emulsion Formulation to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Cannabidiol. Med Cannabis Cannabinoids. 2019;2(1):35–42.[21] Tahan I. FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF CANNABIDIOL USING VARIOUS. 2024[22] Fantou C, Comesse S, Renou F, Grisel M. Hydrophobically modified xanthan: Thickening and surface active agent for highly stable oil in water emulsions. Carbohydr Polym. 2019;205(August 2018):362–70.[23] Perrier D, Mihalov J, Carlson S. "FDA regulatory approach to steviol glycosides." Food and Chemical Toxicology 122 (2018): 132-142.[24] Zielińska, Aleksandra, et al. "Phytocannabinoids: Chromatographic screening of cannabinoids and loading into lipid nanoparticles." Molecules 28.6 (2023): 2875.[25] Masalova I, Foudazi R, Malkin A. The rheology of highly concentrated emulsions stabilized with different surfactants. 2011:1–15.[26] Zhang W, Zhang Y, He Y, Xu X, Zhao X. Oil density and viscosity affect emulsion stability and destabilization mechanism. J Food Eng. 2024;366 (August 2023)[27] Shubham, K, Meenakshi K. "Liquid and Polydisperse Systems: Emulsions." Advances in Pharmaceutical Product Development. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. 219-243.[28] Leibtag S, Peshkovsky A. Cannabis extract nanoemulsions produced by high-intensity ultrasound: Formulation development and scale-up. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol [Internet]. 2020;60(July):101953. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101953[29] Shao P, Feng J, Sun P, Xiang N, Lu B, Qiu D. Recent advances in improving stability of food emulsion by plant polysaccharides. Food Res Int [Internet]. 2020;137(May):109376. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109376[30] Chondrou AP, Evgenidis SP, Karapantsios TD, Kostoglou M. Emulsions stability in weightlessness: Droplets size, droplets coalescence and phases spatial distribution. Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem Eng Asp. 2024;702(July).[31] Note TA, Studies NE, Optimization OP. TURBISCAN APPLICATION NOTE ONLINE EMULSIFICATION STUDIES FORMULATION PROCESS OPTIMIZATION How it works. :1–3.[32] Pichot R, Spyropoulos F, Norton IT. O/W emulsions stabilised by both low molecular weight surfactants and colloidal particles: The effect of surfactant type and concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2010;352(1):128–35.[33] Marangoni IP, Marangoni AG. 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