Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America

La diversidad de género en las organizaciones está atrayendo un grado significativo de atención de múltiples sectores en la región de ALC. Una de las razones de su relevancia es la falta de consenso sobre su verdadero impacto en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional. En el mejor de los casos,...

Full description

Autores:
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2020
Institución:
Universidad del Rosario
Repositorio:
Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/31408
Acceso en línea:
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35419-0_9
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31408
Palabra clave:
Diversidad de género en las organizaciones latinoamericanas
Impacto del liderazgo de mujeres en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional
Estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial
Administración general
Gender diversity in Latin American organizations
Impact of women's leadership on organizational performance indicators
Comparative study with data from the World Bank Business Survey
Rights
License
Bloqueado (Texto referencial)
id EDOCUR2_30433d06da137c9d36819bb605b18855
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/31408
network_acronym_str EDOCUR2
network_name_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
dc.title.TranslatedTitle.spa.fl_str_mv Relacionar la diversidad de género en los altos cargos gerenciales y la innovación: evidencia de siete países de América Latina
title Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
spellingShingle Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
Diversidad de género en las organizaciones latinoamericanas
Impacto del liderazgo de mujeres en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional
Estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial
Administración general
Gender diversity in Latin American organizations
Impact of women's leadership on organizational performance indicators
Comparative study with data from the World Bank Business Survey
title_short Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
title_full Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
title_fullStr Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
title_full_unstemmed Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
title_sort Relating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin America
dc.contributor.editor.none.fl_str_mv Tasso Eira de Aquino, Carlos
Rojas, Ronald R.
dc.contributor.gruplac.spa.fl_str_mv Grupo de Investigación de Derecho Penal
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Diversidad de género en las organizaciones latinoamericanas
Impacto del liderazgo de mujeres en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional
Estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial
topic Diversidad de género en las organizaciones latinoamericanas
Impacto del liderazgo de mujeres en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional
Estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial
Administración general
Gender diversity in Latin American organizations
Impact of women's leadership on organizational performance indicators
Comparative study with data from the World Bank Business Survey
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv Administración general
dc.subject.keyword.spa.fl_str_mv Gender diversity in Latin American organizations
Impact of women's leadership on organizational performance indicators
Comparative study with data from the World Bank Business Survey
description La diversidad de género en las organizaciones está atrayendo un grado significativo de atención de múltiples sectores en la región de ALC. Una de las razones de su relevancia es la falta de consenso sobre su verdadero impacto en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional. En el mejor de los casos, hay resultados contradictorios y no concluyentes. Para comprender mejor la relación entre diversidad de género e innovación en ALC, este capítulo presenta un estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial de siete países de América Latina. El capítulo sugiere que la asociación entre la participación de mujeres en puestos gerenciales y el desempeño organizacional en general —y en América Latina y el Caribe en particular— sigue siendo un tema de diversidad e inclusión que requiere más investigación.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2020
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2020-04-01
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-05-08T01:24:40Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-05-08T01:24:40Z
dc.type.eng.fl_str_mv bookPart
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248
dc.type.spa.spa.fl_str_mv Parte de libro
dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv Grueso-Hinestroza M.P., Antón-Rubio C. (2020) Relating Gender Diversity in Top Management Positions and Innovation: Evidence from Seven Countries in Latin America. In: de Aquino C., Rojas R. (eds) Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35419-0_9
dc.identifier.isbn.spa.fl_str_mv 9783030354183
9783030354190
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31408
identifier_str_mv Grueso-Hinestroza M.P., Antón-Rubio C. (2020) Relating Gender Diversity in Top Management Positions and Innovation: Evidence from Seven Countries in Latin America. In: de Aquino C., Rojas R. (eds) Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
9783030354183
9783030354190
url https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35419-0_9
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31408
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.citationEdition.spa.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.citationEndPage.spa.fl_str_mv 165
dc.relation.citationStartPage.spa.fl_str_mv 157
dc.relation.citationTitle.spa.fl_str_mv Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces: Experiences, Opportunities, and Challenges
dc.relation.ispartof.spa.fl_str_mv Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces: Experiences, Opportunities, and Challenges, Print ISBN 978-3-030-35418-3; Online ISBN 978-3-030-35419-0, (Abril 2020); Cap. 8, pp. 157-165
dc.relation.isversionof.spa.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-35419-0_9
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
dc.rights.acceso.spa.fl_str_mv Bloqueado (Texto referencial)
rights_invalid_str_mv Bloqueado (Texto referencial)
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 9 pp.
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.format.tipo.spa.fl_str_mv Documento
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Palgrave Macmillan
dc.publisher.department.spa.fl_str_mv Administración de Empresas
dc.publisher.other.spa.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
institution Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.bibliographicCitation.spa.fl_str_mv Abdullah, S. N., Ismail, K. N. I. K., & Nachum, L. (2016). Does having women on boards create value? The impact of societal perceptions and corporate governance in emerging markets. Strategic Management Journal, 37, 466–476.
Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291–309.
Chandani, S., Mabood, M., & Mahmood, W. (2018). The effect of women director on banks performance: Evidence from Pakistan. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 9(3), 958–983
Christiansen, L., Lin, H., Pereira, J., Topalova, P. B., & Turk-Ariss, R. (2016). Gender diversity in senior positions and firm performance: Evidence from Europe (IMF Working Paper, WP/16/50).
Diaz-Garcia, C., Gonzalez-Moreno, A., & Saez-Martinez, F. (2013). Gender diversity within R6D teams: Its impact on radicalness of innovation. Innovation Management & Policy Practice, 15, 149–160.
Farag, H., & Mallin, C. (2017). Board diversity and financial fragility: Evidence from European banks. International Review of Financial Analysis, 49, 98–112.
Farndale, E., Biron, M., Briscoe, D. R., & Raghuram, S. (2015). A global perspective on Diversity and Inclusion in work organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(6), 677–687.
Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business and Society, 57(5), 863–889.
Gallego, J. M., & Gutiérrez, L. H. (2018). An integrated analysis of the impact of gender diversity on innovation and productivity in manufacturing firms (No. IDB-WP-865). Inter-American Development Bank. Retrieved from
Garcia, M., Zouaghi, F., & Garcia, T. (2017). Diversity is strategy: The effect of R&D team diversity on innovative performance. R&D Management, 47, 311–329.
Gordini, N., & Rancati, E. (2017). Gender diversity in the Italian boardroom and firm financial performance. Management Research Review, 40(1), 75–94
Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Priola, V., Sacramento, C. A., Woods, S. A., Higson, H. E., … West, M. A. (2014). Managing diversity in organizations: An integrative model and agenda for future research. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(5), 783–802.
Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Management Review, 9(2), 193–206.
Jadiyappa, N., Jyothi, P., Sireesha, B., & Hickman, L. E. (2019). CEO gender, firm performance and agency costs: Evidence from India. Journal of Economic Studies, 46(2), 482–495.
Kılıç, M., & Kuzey, C. (2016). The effect of board gender diversity on firm performance: Evidence from Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 31(7), 434–455.
Kleinübing Godoi, C. K., Olivera Camilo, S. P., & Marcon, R. (2013). Gender diversity in the boards of directors of Brazilian businesses. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 28(2), 94–110.
Lewellyn, K. B., & Muller-Kahle, M. I. (2019). The corporate board glass ceiling: The role of empowerment and culture in shaping board gender diversity. Journal of Business Ethics.
Luanglath, N., Ali, M., & Mohannak, K. (2019). Top management team gender diversity and productivity: The role of board gender diversity. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: an International Journal, 38(1), 71–86.
Lückerath-Rovers, M. (2013). Women on boards and firm performance. Journal of Management and Governance, 17(2), 491–509.
Miller, T., & Triana, M. C. (2009). Demographic diversity in the boardroom: mediators of the board diversity-firm performance relationship. Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 755–786.
Moreno-Gómez, J., Lafuente, E., & Vaillant, Y. (2018). Gender diversity in the board, women’s leadership and business performance. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 33(2), 104–122.
Nair, N., & Vohra, N. (2015). Diversity and Inclusion at the workplace: A review of research and perspectives. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department (WP2015-03-34).
Ostergaard, C., Timmermans, B., & Kristinsson, K. (2011). Does a different view create something new? The effect of employee diversity on innovation. Research Policy, 40, 500–509.
Ozgen, C., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2017). The elusive effects of workplace diversity on innovation. Papers in Regional Science, 96(S1), S29–S49.
Ruigrok, W., Peck, S., & Tacheva, S. (2007). Nationality and gender diversity on Swiss corporate boards. Corporate Governance International Review, 15(4), 546–557.
Ruiz-Jiménez, J. M., & Fuentes-Fuentes, M. (2016). Management capabilities, innovation, and gender diversity in the top management team: An empirical analysis in technology-based SMEs. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 19(2), 107–121.
Singhathep, T., & Pholphirul, P. (2015). Female CEOs, firm performance, and firm development: Evidence from Thai manufacturers. Gender, Technology and Development, 19(3), 320–345.
The World Economic Forum (2018). The global gender gap report 2018. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-gender-gap-report-2018.
Theodorakopoulos, N., & Budhwar, P. (2015). Guest editors’ introduction: Diversity and inclusion in different work settings—Emerging patterns, challenges, and research agenda. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 177–197.
Triana, M. del C., Richard, O. C., & Su, W. (2019). Gender diversity in senior management, strategic change, and firm performance: Examining the mediating nature of strategic change in high tech firms. Research Policy, 48(7), 1681–1693.
World Bank. (2017). World bank’s enterprise surveys. Retrieved from http://www.enterprisesurveys.org.
dc.source.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/6631b57c-49f6-48be-bd76-e662c84155c9/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/b374c09f-d03b-4e14-a242-f73f2eeaeec1/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/9575f17e-2120-4c28-bad5-9a4520d7128c/download
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/241518ef-2c03-4b52-bbea-5602268638ad/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv c35ae0141bd9c71739cc6e28e7a5f672
fab9d9ed61d64f6ac005dee3306ae77e
2b263168b531ed6e3c3eefea75998ff2
f118747d1a6fda97a54ea2662463bbcf
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio institucional EdocUR
repository.mail.fl_str_mv edocur@urosario.edu.co
_version_ 1831928199392526336
spelling Tasso Eira de Aquino, CarlosRojas, Ronald R.Grupo de Investigación de Derecho PenalGrueso Hinestroza, Merlín PatriciaAntón, Concha31978994600fbe03a12-c7d0-4a57-a412-19c3e7dea3086002021-05-08T01:24:40Z2021-05-08T01:24:40Z20202020-04-01La diversidad de género en las organizaciones está atrayendo un grado significativo de atención de múltiples sectores en la región de ALC. Una de las razones de su relevancia es la falta de consenso sobre su verdadero impacto en los indicadores de desempeño organizacional. En el mejor de los casos, hay resultados contradictorios y no concluyentes. Para comprender mejor la relación entre diversidad de género e innovación en ALC, este capítulo presenta un estudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco Mundial de siete países de América Latina. El capítulo sugiere que la asociación entre la participación de mujeres en puestos gerenciales y el desempeño organizacional en general —y en América Latina y el Caribe en particular— sigue siendo un tema de diversidad e inclusión que requiere más investigación.Gender Diversity in organizations is attracting a significant degree of attention from multiple sectors in the LAC region. One of the reasons for its relevance is the lack of consensus about its true impact on organizational performance indicators. At best, there are conflicting and inconclusive results. In order to better understand the relationship between gender diversity and innovation in LAC, this chapter presents a comparative study with data of the World Bank Enterprise Survey from seven Latin American countries. The chapter suggests that the association between the participation of women in management positions and organizational performance in general—and in Latin America and the Caribbean in particular—remains a topic of diversity and inclusion that requires further research.2021-05-07: Script de automatizacion de embargos. La universidad ni los autores tiene los derechos de divulgación de la obra en texto completo. Todos los derechos son de Springer9 pp.application/pdfDocumentoGrueso-Hinestroza M.P., Antón-Rubio C. (2020) Relating Gender Diversity in Top Management Positions and Innovation: Evidence from Seven Countries in Latin America. In: de Aquino C., Rojas R. (eds) Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces. Palgrave Macmillan, Chamhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35419-0_997830303541839783030354190https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/31408engPalgrave MacmillanAdministración de EmpresasSpringer Nature1165157Diversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces: Experiences, Opportunities, and ChallengesDiversity and Inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean Workplaces: Experiences, Opportunities, and Challenges, Print ISBN 978-3-030-35418-3; Online ISBN 978-3-030-35419-0, (Abril 2020); Cap. 8, pp. 157-1651https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-35419-0_9Bloqueado (Texto referencial)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cbAbdullah, S. N., Ismail, K. N. I. K., & Nachum, L. (2016). Does having women on boards create value? The impact of societal perceptions and corporate governance in emerging markets. Strategic Management Journal, 37, 466–476.Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291–309.Chandani, S., Mabood, M., & Mahmood, W. (2018). The effect of women director on banks performance: Evidence from Pakistan. Independent Journal of Management & Production, 9(3), 958–983Christiansen, L., Lin, H., Pereira, J., Topalova, P. B., & Turk-Ariss, R. (2016). Gender diversity in senior positions and firm performance: Evidence from Europe (IMF Working Paper, WP/16/50).Diaz-Garcia, C., Gonzalez-Moreno, A., & Saez-Martinez, F. (2013). Gender diversity within R6D teams: Its impact on radicalness of innovation. Innovation Management & Policy Practice, 15, 149–160.Farag, H., & Mallin, C. (2017). Board diversity and financial fragility: Evidence from European banks. International Review of Financial Analysis, 49, 98–112.Farndale, E., Biron, M., Briscoe, D. R., & Raghuram, S. (2015). A global perspective on Diversity and Inclusion in work organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(6), 677–687.Galbreath, J. (2018). Is board gender diversity linked to financial performance? The mediating mechanism of CSR. Business and Society, 57(5), 863–889.Gallego, J. M., & Gutiérrez, L. H. (2018). An integrated analysis of the impact of gender diversity on innovation and productivity in manufacturing firms (No. IDB-WP-865). Inter-American Development Bank. Retrieved fromGarcia, M., Zouaghi, F., & Garcia, T. (2017). Diversity is strategy: The effect of R&D team diversity on innovative performance. R&D Management, 47, 311–329.Gordini, N., & Rancati, E. (2017). Gender diversity in the Italian boardroom and firm financial performance. Management Research Review, 40(1), 75–94Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Priola, V., Sacramento, C. A., Woods, S. A., Higson, H. E., … West, M. A. (2014). Managing diversity in organizations: An integrative model and agenda for future research. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(5), 783–802.Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. Academy of Management Review, 9(2), 193–206.Jadiyappa, N., Jyothi, P., Sireesha, B., & Hickman, L. E. (2019). CEO gender, firm performance and agency costs: Evidence from India. Journal of Economic Studies, 46(2), 482–495.Kılıç, M., & Kuzey, C. (2016). The effect of board gender diversity on firm performance: Evidence from Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 31(7), 434–455.Kleinübing Godoi, C. K., Olivera Camilo, S. P., & Marcon, R. (2013). Gender diversity in the boards of directors of Brazilian businesses. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 28(2), 94–110.Lewellyn, K. B., & Muller-Kahle, M. I. (2019). The corporate board glass ceiling: The role of empowerment and culture in shaping board gender diversity. Journal of Business Ethics.Luanglath, N., Ali, M., & Mohannak, K. (2019). Top management team gender diversity and productivity: The role of board gender diversity. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: an International Journal, 38(1), 71–86.Lückerath-Rovers, M. (2013). Women on boards and firm performance. Journal of Management and Governance, 17(2), 491–509.Miller, T., & Triana, M. C. (2009). Demographic diversity in the boardroom: mediators of the board diversity-firm performance relationship. Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 755–786.Moreno-Gómez, J., Lafuente, E., & Vaillant, Y. (2018). Gender diversity in the board, women’s leadership and business performance. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 33(2), 104–122.Nair, N., & Vohra, N. (2015). Diversity and Inclusion at the workplace: A review of research and perspectives. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department (WP2015-03-34).Ostergaard, C., Timmermans, B., & Kristinsson, K. (2011). Does a different view create something new? The effect of employee diversity on innovation. Research Policy, 40, 500–509.Ozgen, C., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2017). The elusive effects of workplace diversity on innovation. Papers in Regional Science, 96(S1), S29–S49.Ruigrok, W., Peck, S., & Tacheva, S. (2007). Nationality and gender diversity on Swiss corporate boards. Corporate Governance International Review, 15(4), 546–557.Ruiz-Jiménez, J. M., & Fuentes-Fuentes, M. (2016). Management capabilities, innovation, and gender diversity in the top management team: An empirical analysis in technology-based SMEs. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 19(2), 107–121.Singhathep, T., & Pholphirul, P. (2015). Female CEOs, firm performance, and firm development: Evidence from Thai manufacturers. Gender, Technology and Development, 19(3), 320–345.The World Economic Forum (2018). The global gender gap report 2018. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-gender-gap-report-2018.Theodorakopoulos, N., & Budhwar, P. (2015). Guest editors’ introduction: Diversity and inclusion in different work settings—Emerging patterns, challenges, and research agenda. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 177–197.Triana, M. del C., Richard, O. C., & Su, W. (2019). Gender diversity in senior management, strategic change, and firm performance: Examining the mediating nature of strategic change in high tech firms. Research Policy, 48(7), 1681–1693.World Bank. (2017). World bank’s enterprise surveys. Retrieved from http://www.enterprisesurveys.org.instname:Universidad del Rosarioreponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocURDiversidad de género en las organizaciones latinoamericanasImpacto del liderazgo de mujeres en los indicadores de desempeño organizacionalEstudio comparativo con datos de la Encuesta de Empresas del Banco MundialAdministración general658600Gender diversity in Latin American organizationsImpact of women's leadership on organizational performance indicatorsComparative study with data from the World Bank Business SurveyRelating gender diversity in top management positions and innovation: Evidence from seven countries in Latin AmericaRelacionar la diversidad de género en los altos cargos gerenciales y la innovación: evidencia de siete países de América LatinabookPartParte de librohttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248ORIGINAL489472_1_En_Print.pdf489472_1_En_Print.pdfapplication/pdf205349https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/6631b57c-49f6-48be-bd76-e662c84155c9/downloadc35ae0141bd9c71739cc6e28e7a5f672MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain1475https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/b374c09f-d03b-4e14-a242-f73f2eeaeec1/downloadfab9d9ed61d64f6ac005dee3306ae77eMD52TEXT489472_1_En_Print.pdf.txt489472_1_En_Print.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain21140https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/9575f17e-2120-4c28-bad5-9a4520d7128c/download2b263168b531ed6e3c3eefea75998ff2MD53THUMBNAIL489472_1_En_Print.pdf.jpg489472_1_En_Print.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg4084https://repository.urosario.edu.co/bitstreams/241518ef-2c03-4b52-bbea-5602268638ad/downloadf118747d1a6fda97a54ea2662463bbcfMD5410336/31408oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/314082021-05-09 22:47:37.043https://repository.urosario.edu.coRepositorio institucional EdocURedocur@urosario.edu.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