Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones
Incluye graficas, ilustraciones, tablas y anexos.
- Autores:
-
Mora Peralta, Maryen Carolina
Urrego Gaitán, Karen Giseth
- Tipo de recurso:
- Trabajo de grado de pregrado
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2018
- Institución:
- Universidad de los Llanos
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Digital Universidad de los LLanos
- Idioma:
- spa
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repositorio.unillanos.edu.co:001/4563
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/4563
https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co
- Palabra clave:
- Modelos de comunicación
Tecnología middleware
Red inalámbrica
Redes móviles
Servicios de comunicación
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Derechos reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2018
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Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| title |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| spellingShingle |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones Modelos de comunicación Tecnología middleware Red inalámbrica Redes móviles Servicios de comunicación |
| title_short |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| title_full |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| title_fullStr |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| title_sort |
Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Mora Peralta, Maryen Carolina Urrego Gaitán, Karen Giseth |
| dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv |
Reyes Moncayo, Héctor Iván |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Mora Peralta, Maryen Carolina Urrego Gaitán, Karen Giseth |
| dc.contributor.jury.none.fl_str_mv |
Reyes Moncayo, Héctor Iván Fajardo, Juan |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Modelos de comunicación Tecnología middleware Red inalámbrica Redes móviles Servicios de comunicación |
| topic |
Modelos de comunicación Tecnología middleware Red inalámbrica Redes móviles Servicios de comunicación |
| description |
Incluye graficas, ilustraciones, tablas y anexos. |
| publishDate |
2018 |
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2018 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-23T21:19:53Z |
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2024-10-23T21:19:53Z |
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Trabajo de grado - Pregrado |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
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Proyectos de investigación |
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Mora Peralta, Maryen C. Y Urrego Gaitán, Karen G. (2018). Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. |
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https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/4563 |
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Universidad de los Llanos |
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Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos |
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https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co |
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Mora Peralta, Maryen C. Y Urrego Gaitán, Karen G. (2018). Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. Universidad de los Llanos Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos |
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https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/4563 https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co |
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spa |
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L. C. Karen Rose, Scott Eldridge, The Internet of Things: An Overview Understanding the Issues and Challenges of a More Connected World, no. October. Internet of Society, 2015 Gartnet, “Gartner Says 8.4 Billion Connected ‘Things’ Will Be in Use in 2017, Up 31 Percent From 2016.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2017-02-07- gartner-says-8-billion-connected-things-will-be-in-use-in-2017-up-31- percent-from-2016. [Accessed: 12-Aug-2018]. B. M. Leiner et al., “Brief History of the Internet 1997.” Postcapes, “Internet of Things Infographic | What Is The "Internet of Things"?” [Online]. Available: https://www.postscapes.com/whatexactly- is-the-internet-of-things-infographic/. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. Postscapes, “2018 IoT Products | Overview of the Most Popular Smart Home Devices.” [Online]. Available: https://www.postscapes.com/internetof- things-award/winners/. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. Silicon, “Los sensores inteligentes y autónomos marcarán un antes y un después en el IoT | Silicon.” [Online]. Available: https://www.silicon.es/lossensores- inteligentes-autonomos-marcaran-despues-iot- 2351992?inf_by=5b48fe02671db8f2638b4e1c. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. The Valley, “Sensores. Los dispositivos que alimentan IoT - The Valley Digital Business School.” [Online]. Available: https://thevalley.es/blog/sensores-los-dispositivos-alimentan-iot/. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. TUATARA TECH, “Sensores (Sensors) vs Actuadores (Actuators) | Tuatara Tech.” [Online]. Available: http://www.tuataratech.com/2015/06/sensores-sensors-vs-actuadoresactuators_ 8.html. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. eveliux, “Concepto de red y tipos de redes.” [Online]. Available: http://www.eveliux.com/mx/Concepto-de-red-y-tipos-de-redes.html. [Accessed: 11-Aug-2018]. arrow, “Conectividad inalámbrica para la Internet de las cosas: no existe la talla única | Arrow.com.” [Online]. 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Appl., vol. 89, pp. 38–47, 2017. R. Buyya and A. V. Dastjerdi, Internet of Things: Principles and Paradigms. 2016. K. Hafner and M. Lyon, Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet. 1996. J. Salazar and S. Silvestre, Internet de las cosas. 2016. IBM, “Protocolos TCP/IP,” IBM, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/es/ssw_aix_72/com.ibm.ai x.networkcomm/tcpip_protocols.htm. [Accessed: 25-Mar-2018]. B. Cedón, “La historia del Internet de las Cosas (IoT),” 2018. [Online]. Available: http://www.bcendon.com/el-origen-del-iot/. [Accessed: 24-Mar- 2018]. Postscapes, “History of IoT,” Background Information and Timeline of the 157 Trending, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.postscapes.com/internetof- things-history/. D. Evans, “Internet de las cosas Internet de las cosas Cómo la próxima evolución de Internet lo cambia todo,” Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group (IBSG), 2011. K. Asthon, “That ‘Internet of Things’ Thing In the real world, things matter more than ideas.,” RFID J., 2009. J. Doe, “Historia del IOT - Revolucion IOT,” Revolicioniot, 2018. [Online]. Available: http://revolucioniot.com/historia-del-iot/. J. de A. de I. (IAB) H. Tschofenig, “Consideraciones arquitectónicas en Smart Object Networking,” 2015. a Zanella, N. Bui, a Castellani, L. Vangelista, and M. Zorzi, “Internet of Things for Smart Cities,” IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22–32, 2014 R. Davies, “The Internet of Things The Internet of Things,” no. May, p. 6, 2015. S. Li, L. Da Xu, and S. Zhao, “The internet of things: a survey,” Inf. Syst. Front., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 243–259, 2015. S. Li, L. Da Xu, and S. Zhao, “The internet of things: a survey,” Inf. Syst. Front., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 243–259, 2015. M. Ross, A. J. Jara, and A. Cosenza, Baseline Security Recommendations for IoT in the context of Critical Information Infrastructures, no. November. 2017. BICS, “Soluciones integrales de conectividad IoT global que ofrecen un modelo de pago por tamaño (pay-as-you-grow) basado en API.” [Online]. Available: https://bics.com/es/services/conectividad-iot-global/. [Accessed: 01-Sep-2018]. S. Kulkarni, “Communication Models in Internet of Things : A Survey,” vol. 3, no. 11, pp. 87–91, 2017. D. M. H. Tschofenig ARM Ltd, J. Arkko, D. Thaler, “Architectural Considerations in Smart Object Networking,” in Internet Architecture Board (IAB), 2015. U. N. Kar and D. K. Sanyal, “An overview of device-to-device communication in cellular networks,” ICT Express, 2018. A. Asadi, Q. Wang, and V. Mancuso, “A survey on device-to-device communication in cellular networks,” IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 1801–1819, 2014. Google Cloud, “Overview of Internet of Things.” [Online]. Available: https://cloud.google.com/solutions/iot-overview. [Accessed: 12-Jun-2018]. M. Nazir, “Cloud Computing: Overview & Current Research Challenges,” IOSR J. Comput. Eng., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 14–17, 2012. S. Kumar and R. H. Goudar, “Cloud Computing – Research Issues, Challenges, Architecture, Platforms and Applications: A Survey,” Int. J. Futur. Comput. Commun., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 356–360, 2012. A. Youssef, “Exploring Cloud Computing Services and Applications,” J. Emerg. Trends Comput. …, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 838–847, 2012. Microsoft Azure IoT, “Plataformas de servicio.” [Online]. Available: https://azure.microsoft.com/es-es/overview/what-is-paas/. [Accessed: 13- Jun-2018]. Microsoft Azure, “Basics of Azure IoT.” [Online]. Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/es-es/azure/iot-fundamentals/. [Accessed: 14- Jun-2018]. Microsoft Azure, “IoT Hub documentation.” [Online]. Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/es-es/azure/iot-hub/. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2018]. Microsoft Azure, “Device-to-cloud communications guidance.” [Online]. Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/es-es/azure/iot-hub/iot-hubdevguide- d2c-guidance. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2018]. A. Glória, F. Cercas, and N. Souto, “Design and implementation of an IoT gateway to create smart environments,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 109, pp. 568–575, 2017. Y. H. Lee and S. Nair, “A Smart Gateway Framework for IOT Services,” Proc. - 2016 IEEE Int. Conf. Internet Things; IEEE Green Comput. Commun. IEEE Cyber, Phys. Soc. Comput. IEEE Smart Data, iThings- GreenCom-CPSCom-Smart Data 2016, pp. 107–114, 2017. Microsoft Azure, “What is Azure IoT Edge - preview.” [Online]. Available: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-edge/how-iot-edge-works. [Accessed: 14-Jun-2018]. Microsoft Azure, “Azure IoT.” [Online]. Available: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/overview/iot/. [Accessed: 14-Jun-2018]. OwnCloud, “ownCloud 9.0 Enables Full Federation,” OwnCloud. . CODECADEMY, “Back-End Web Architecture | Codecademy.” [Online]. Available: https://www.codecademy.com/articles/back-end-architecture. [Accessed: 01-Aug-2018]. Equipo Altran, “El front-end y el back-end de las Smart Cities,” 2017. [Online]. Available: http://equipo.altran.es/el-front-end-y-el-back-end-delas- smart-cities/. [Accessed: 15-Jun-2018]. Iei, “Fitness Solution.” [Online]. Available: http://ieismartcity.com/fitnesssolution/. [Accessed: 15-Jun-2018]. William Stallings et al., “Communication networks: Topology and links.,” Creative Commons, vol. s, no. 9. p. 99, 2013. A. NAYYAR, “Internet of Things: The protocols landscape,” OpenSource, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://opensourceforu.com/2017/07/internetthings- protocols-landscape/. [Accessed: 22-Apr-2018]. K. Curran, “Internet protocols,” Underst. Internet A Glimpse into Build. Blocks, Appl. Secur. Hidden Secrets Web, pp. 7–16, 2009. Postscapes, “IoT Standards and Protocols,” Postscapes. [Online]. Available: https://www.postscapes.com/internet-of-things-protocols/. [Accessed: 24-Apr-2018]. T. Edition, Wireless Networking in the Developing World. 2013. F. Ramón, G. Pedraja, V. Quílez, S. De Alcatel, and T. De Red, “IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi) El estándar de facto para WLAN,” pp. 28–33, 2011. S. Song and B. Issac, “Analysis of Wifi and Wimax and Wireless Network Coexistence,” Int. J. Comput. Networks Commun., vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 63– 77, 2014. Jatin Parekh, “WiFi’s evolving role in IoT, WiFi is often the obvious choice for IoT, but limitations have lead to the addition of two new specifications, 160 802.11ah and 802.11ax,” Network World, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3196191/lan-wan/wifi-s-evolvingrole- in-iot.html. [Accessed: 02-Apr-2018]. K. Fitchard, “Are you ready for the next chapter of Wi-Fi? Meet 802.11ax,” GIGAOM, 2015. [Online]. Available: https://gigaom.com/2014/06/12/nextphase- of-wifi-80211ax/. [Accessed: 02-Apr-2018]. SEMTECH, “What is LoRa®?” [Online]. Available: https://www.semtech.com/technology/lora/what-is-lora. [Accessed: 28- Mar-2018]. J. Kos, “On the Limits of Empahty,” Jstor, Art J., vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 139– 157, 2006. LoRa Alliance, “What is the LoRaWANTM Specification?” [Online]. Available: https://lora-alliance.org/about-lorawan. [Accessed: 28-Mar- 2018]. inteliLIGHT®, “LoRaWAN based street lighting solutions become a reality with the new inteliLIGHT® LoRaTM controllers being presented and demonstrated for the first time by Flashnet during the LoRaTM Alliance meeting in Paris.,” inteliLIGHT®. [Online]. Available: https://intelilight.eu/worlds-first-lora-street-lighting-control-solutionreleased- flashnet/. [Accessed: 16-Apr-2018]. Sigfox, “Sigfox Technology Overview.” [Online]. Available: https://www.sigfox.com/en. [Accessed: 05-Apr-2018 P. McDermott-Wells, “What is Bluetooth?,” Potentials, IEEE, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 33–35, 2005. D. Garin, M. Hazard, and A. J. González, “Bluetooth,” 2013. Bluetooth, “SIG INTRODUCES BLUETOOTH LOW ENERGY WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY, THE NEXT GENERATION OF BLUETOOTH WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY,” Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG, Bellevue, WA, USA, p. 1, 2009. R. Kennelly, IEEE standards for physical and data communications., vol. 30, no. 2. 2003. EMF Explained 2.0, “BLUETOOTH & HEALTH - L2.” [Online]. Available: 161 http://www.emfexplained.info/eng/?page=25530. [Accessed: 28-Apr- 2018]. T. YUDEN, “Bluetooth® low energy modules with an embedded antenna smaller than current small-type modules are developed.” [Online]. Available: https://www.yuden.co.jp/or/solutions/ble/. [Accessed: 20-Apr- 2018]. B. Borowicz, “The Internet of Things and Bluetooth,” Gridconnect, 2016 J. de C. y Leon, “Radiofrequency identification technology and its main applications,” Obs. Reg. la Soc. la Inf., pp. 30–56, 2007 L. Jerry and C. Barbara, “Shrouds of Time: The History of RFID,” AIM Publ., p. 11, 2001. J. I. Portillo García, A. B. Bermejo Nieto, and A. M. Bernardos Barbolla, Technological surveillance report: radiofrequency identification technology (RFID). 2008. National Institute of Communication Technologies, “Guide on security and privacy of RFID technology,” Mayo 2010, p. 49, 2010. N. R. Gonzalez and D. R. Merlano, “Radio frequency identification rfid,” 2007. GS1 Spain, “EPC / RFID.” [Online]. Available: https://www.gs1es.org/epcrfid- identificador-unico/. [Accessed: 20-Apr-2018]. “FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS PURAS Y NATURALES TUTOR METODOLÓGICO : M . SC . ALDO VALDEZ ALVARADO,” 2014. NFCForum, “Simplifying IoT : Connecting , Commissioning , and Controlling with Near Field Communication ( NFC ) NFC Makes the Smart Home a Reality,” NFC Forum White Pap., no. June, 2016. NFC forum, “Why The Internet Of Things needs NFC.” [Online]. Available: https://nfc-forum.org/nfc-and-the-internet-of-things/iot-infographic/. [Accessed: 06-Apr-2018]. I. 802. . W. Group, “IEEE 802.3 ETHERNET WORKING GROUP,” 2018. [Online]. Available: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/3/. [Accessed: 10- Apr-2018]. B. Valle and J. David, “IoT : TECNOLOGÍAS , y desarrollo,” Repos. UOC, 162 p. 273, 2014. IEEE 802.15, “IEEE 802.15 WPANTM Task Group 4 (TG4).” [Online]. Available: http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html. [Accessed: 11-Apr- 2018]. R. K. Singh and R. Singh, “4G LTE Cellular Technology: Network Architecture and Mobile Standards,” Int. J. Emerg. Res. Manag. &Technology, vol. 9359, no. 12, pp. 1–6, 2016. A. Kumar, A. Aswal, and L. Singh, “4G Wireless Technology : A Brief Review,” no. 2, pp. 35–43, 2013. R. S, “Who needs 4G, whatever that is?,” 2012. [Online]. Available: http://www.e-news.press/who-needs-4g-whatever-that-is/. [Accessed: 21- Apr-2018]. A. Gohil, H. Modi, and S. K. Patel, “5G technology of mobile communication: A survey,” 2013 Int. Conf. Intell. Syst. Signal Process. ISSP 2013, pp. 288–292, 2013. D. Brake and | June, “5G and Next Generation Wireless: Implications for Policy and Competition,” 5G Next Gener. Wirel. Implic. Policy Compet., no. June, pp. 1–22, 2016. Mobile Europe, “Ericsson CTO: 5G is about integrated wireless technologies, not just speeds,” Mobile Europe, 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.mobileeurope.co.uk/news-analysis/ericsson-cto-5g-is-aboutintegrated- wireless-technologies-not-just-speeds. [Accessed: 21-Apr- 2018]. Cisco Systems Inc., “Dual Stack IPv4 / IPv6 Devices,” p. 625513, 2010. Cisco et al., “Location-based services,” Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. (including Subser. Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. Lect. Notes Bioinformatics), vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1–10, 2013. PRITAM, “Diferencias clave entre IPv4 e IPv6,” 2018. [Online]. Available: https://pagedesignweb.com/key-differences-between-ipv4-and-ipv6/. [Accessed: 21-Apr-2018]. J. Olsson, “6LoWPAN demystified,” Texas Instruments, p. 13, 2014. D. T. Britt and C. Matthews, “Front cover TCP / IP Tutorial and,” Contract, 163 vol. 1, no. December 2006, p. 1004, 2006. W. Goralski, “Protocols and Layers,” Illus. Netw., pp. 3–46, 2009. R. Fielding et al., “Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1,” pp. 1–176, 1999. CoAp technology, “CoAP RFC 7252 Constrained Application Protocol.” [Online]. Available: http://coap.technology/. [Accessed: 15-Apr-2018]. Seebo, “IoT Connectivity for Industry 4.0 Explained Navigating IoT Protocols.” [Online]. Available: https://www.seebo.com/iot-connectivity/. [Accessed: 22-Mar-2018]. Arrow, “Protocols for the Internet of Things.” [Online]. Available: https://www.arrow.com/es-mx/research-and-events/articles/protocols-forthe- internet-of-things. [Accessed: 22-Mar-2018]. XMPP Community, “XMPP Community.” [Online]. Available: https://xmpp.org. [Accessed: 24-Mar-2018]. M. Kirsche and R. Klauck, “Unify to bridge gaps: Bringing XMPP into the Internet of Things,” 2012 IEEE Int. Conf. Pervasive Comput. Commun. Work. PERCOM Work. 2012, no. March 2012, pp. 455–458, 2012. A. Talaminos-Barroso, M. A. Estudillo-Valderrama, L. M. Roa, J. Reina- Tosina, and F. Ortega-Ruiz, “A Machine-to-Machine protocol benchmark for eHealth applications - Use case: Respiratory rehabilitation,” Comput. Methods Programs Biomed., vol. 129, pp. 1–11, 2016. A. Talaminos-Barroso, M. A. Estudillo-Valderrama, L. M. Roa, J. Reina- Tosina, and F. Ortega-Ruiz, “A Machine-to-Machine protocol benchmark for eHealth applications - Use case: Respiratory rehabilitation,” Comput. Methods Programs Biomed., vol. 129, pp. 1–11, 2016. MQTT Community, “MQTT Community.” [Online]. Available: http://mqtt.org/. [Accessed: 27-Mar-2018]. Ermesh, “Ermesh – Ingeniería y diseño de Internet of Things-.” [Online]. Available: http://www.ermesh.com/protocolo-mqtt-niveles-qos/. [Accessed: 27-Mar-2018]. Roth, “IoT for tiny devices: Let’s talk MQTT-SN,” Software Engineering, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.zuehlke.com/blog/en/iot-for-tiny164 devices-lets-talk-mqtt-sn/. [Accessed: 28-Mar-2018]. |
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Reyes Moncayo, Héctor IvánMora Peralta, Maryen CarolinaUrrego Gaitán, Karen GisethReyes Moncayo, Héctor IvánFajardo, Juan2024-10-23T21:19:53Z2024-10-23T21:19:53Z2018Mora Peralta, Maryen C. Y Urrego Gaitán, Karen G. (2018). Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicaciones [Trabajo de grado, Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos.https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/4563Universidad de los LlanosRepositorio digital Universidad de los Llanoshttps://repositorio.unillanos.edu.coIncluye graficas, ilustraciones, tablas y anexos.Cuando la Internet llegó como servicio de comunicación a organizaciones y ciudadanos del común, se abrieron nuevos mercados en el desarrollo del internet de las cosas (IoT). Este concepto se refiere generalmente a escenarios en los que la conectividad de la red y la capacidad de cómputo se extiende a objetos, sensores y artículos de uso cotidiano [1], estos dispositivos generan y procesan datos, intercambian información dinámicamente y requieren la mínima intervención humana, es decir, las comunicaciones entre las personas y los objetos que se conectan a Internet se hicieron más sencillas, transformando el mundo de los negocios y la calidad de vida. IoT se convirtió en un ecosistema tecnológico dominante no sólo en las fábricas sino en los diferentes sectores sociales hasta llegar a la comodidad del hogar, por ello este libro presenta una visión global de los modelos y protocolos de comunicación afines con el paradigma IoT, además expone los sectores de aplicación e incidentes de seguridad IoT reales con el fin de comprender los desafíos de seguridad, los focos de riesgo y posibles ataques.Introducción. – Objetivos. -- 1.1 objetivo general. -- 1.2 objetivo específicos. -- Planteamiento del problema. -- Definición del problema. – Justificación. -- Marco contextual. -- ¿qué es internet?. -- Internet de las cosas. -- Dispositivos iot. – Sensores. -- Sensores de información ambiental (temperatura y humedad). -- Sensores de presencia. -- Sensor de proximidad. -- Sensor de presión. -- Sensores de nivel. – Actuadores. – Hidráulicos. – Neumáticos. – Eléctricos. – Red. -- Clasificación de una red. -- Topología de red. -- Rango de alcance. -- 1. Internet de las cosas. -- 1.1 historia del internet de las cosas. -- 1.1.1 breve historia sobre el origen del internet. -- 1.1.2 acontecimientos destacados en la historia del internet de las cosas. -- 1.2 definiciones de internet de las cosas. -- 1.3 activos en el ecosistema iot. -- 2. Modelos de comunicación. -- 2.1 modelo de comunicación dispositivo a dispositivo. -- 2.1.1 escenarios de caso de uso del paradigma d2d. -- 2.2 modelo de comunicación de dispositivo a la nube. -- 2.3 modelo de dispositivo a puerta de enlace. -- 2.4 modelo de intercambio de datos a través del back-end. -- 3. Protocolos de comunicación para iot. -- 3.1 protocolos y tecnologías en la capa de percepción. -- 3.1.1 wifi. -- 3.1.2 lora. -- 3.1.3 sigfox. -- 3.1.4 bluetooth. -- 3.1.5 rfid (radio frequency identification). -- 3.1.6 nfc (near field communication). -- 3.1.7 ethernet. -- 3.1.8 ieee 802.15.4(low rate wpan). -- 3.1.9 4g (cuarta generación). -- 3.1.10 5g (quinta generación). -- 3.2 capa de internet. -- 3.2.1 ip (internet protocol). -- 3.2.2 6lowpan (ipv6 over low power wireless personal area networks). -- 3.3 protocolos iot implementados en la capa de aplicación. -- 3.3.1 http (hypertext transfer protocol). -- 3.3.2 coap (constrained application protocol). -- 3.3.3 protocolo xmpp (extensible messaging and presence protocol). -- 3.3.4 protocolo mqtt (message queue telemetry transport). -- 3.3.5 protocolo amqp (advanced message queuing protocol). -- 3.3.6 protocolo vscp (very simple control protocol). -- 3.3.7 protocolo stomp (simple/streaming text oriented messaging protocol). -- 3.3.8 protocolo openwire. -- 3.3.9 protocol dds (data distribution service). -- 3.4 protocolos presentes en la capa precepción, internet y Aplicación. -- 3.4.1 z-wave. -- 3.4.2 zigbee. -- 3.4.3 thread. -- 4. Aplicaciones iot. -- 4.1 smart city (ciudad inteligente). -- 4.2 smart home (casa inteligente). -- 4.3 smart farming (agricultura inteligente). -- 4.4 smart industry (industria inteligente). -- 4.5 smart health (salud inteligente). -- 4.6 smart environment (entorno inteligente). -- 4.7 smart transport and mobility (transporte y movilidad inteligente). -- 4.8 smart governance (gobernanza inteligente). -- 5. Implementación de iot en Latinoamérica. -- 5.1 diagnóstico tecnológico de américa latina vs los países pertenecientes a la Organización para la cooperación y el desarrollo económicos (ocde). -- 5.2 casos de uso. -- 5.2.1 smart farming (agricultura inteligente). -- 5.2.1.2 monitorización del ganado en colombia para aumentar la fertilidad. -- 5.2.1.3 brasil desarrolla plataforma iot para riego inteligente del agua. -- 5.2.1.4 chile despliega una experiencia pública de iot en agricultura. -- 5.2.2 smart environment. -- 5.2.2.1 monitoreo del clima y las condiciones del agua para controlar el cambio Climático en el parque nacional de manú en perú. -- 5.2.3 smart health. -- 5.2.3.1 monitorización de bolsas de sangre- veracruz (méxico). -- 5.2.3.2 emiti, wearable para la monitorización de pacientes de Telcel (empresa de telefonía mexicana). -- 5.2.3.3 soluciones portátiles para ecografías para américa latina y el caribe. -- 5.2.4 ciudades latinoamericanas consideradas smart city. [192]. -- 6. Desafíos presentes en iot. -- 6.1 consideraciones de seguridad en iot. [29]. -- 6.2 principales desafíos de seguridad en el desarrollo de software de ambientes Iot. -- 6.2.1 autenticación. -- 6.2.2 control de acceso. -- 6.2.3 privacidad. -- 6.2.4 interoperabilidad. -- 6.3 incidentes de seguridad iot. -- 6.3.1 puerto rican electric power authority (prepa) (medidores inteligentes puertorriqueños pirateados en 2009). -- 6.3.2 foscam ip baby-cam (hackeada en 2013). -- 6.3.3 target (robo de datos en 2013). -- 6.3.4 vtech (robo de datos 2015). -- 6.3.5 ovh hosting provider (ataque ddos 2016). -- 6.3.6 cloudpets (robo de datos 2017). 6.4 amenazas en ambientes iot según la agencia europea de Seguridad de las redes y de la información (enisa). -- 6.4.1 actividad vil / abuso. -- 6.4.2 interceptación / secuestro. -- 6.4.3 interrupciones. -- 6.4.4 daños / pérdidas de ti (tecnología de la información). -- 6.4.5 fallas / mal funcionamiento. -- 6.5 otras amenazas. – Conclusiones. – Referencias.Trabajo de grado presentado como requisito parcial para optar al título de Ingeniero de Sistemas.PregradoIngeniero(a) de Sistemas155 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad de los LlanosFacultad de Ciencias Básicas e IngenieríaVillavicencioIngeniería de SistemasSede BarcelonaDerechos reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2018https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Monografía internet de las cosas: modelos de comunicación, desafíos y aplicacionesTrabajo de grado - Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTexthttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Proyectos de investigaciónL. 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F1dG9yKSBwYXJhIGVqZXJjZXIgZXN0b3MgZGVyZWNob3Mgc29icmUgbGEgT2JyYSB0YWwgeSBjb21vIHNlIGluZGljYSBhIGNvbnRpbnVhY2nDs246PC9wPgogICAgPG9sIHR5cGU9ImEiPgogICAgICA8bGk+UmVwcm9kdWNpciBsYSBPYnJhLCBpbmNvcnBvcmFyIGxhIE9icmEgZW4gdW5hIG8gbcOhcyBPYnJhcyBDb2xlY3RpdmFzLCB5IHJlcHJvZHVjaXIgbGEgT2JyYSBpbmNvcnBvcmFkYSBlbiBsYXMgT2JyYXMgQ29sZWN0aXZhcy48L2xpPgogICAgICA8bGk+RGlzdHJpYnVpciBjb3BpYXMgbyBmb25vZ3JhbWFzIGRlIGxhcyBPYnJhcywgZXhoaWJpcmxhcyBww7pibGljYW1lbnRlLCBlamVjdXRhcmxhcyBww7pibGljYW1lbnRlIHkvbyBwb25lcmxhcyBhIGRpc3Bvc2ljacOzbiBww7pibGljYSwgaW5jbHV5w6luZG9sYXMgY29tbyBpbmNvcnBvcmFkYXMgZW4gT2JyYXMgQ29sZWN0aXZhcywgc2Vnw7puIGNvcnJlc3BvbmRhLjwvbGk+CiAgICAgIDxsaT5EaXN0cmlidWlyIGNvcGlhcyBkZSBsYXMgT2JyYXMgRGVyaXZhZGFzIHF1ZSBzZSBnZW5lcmVuLCBleGhpYmlybGFzIHDDumJsaWNhbWVudGUsIGVqZWN1dGFybGFzIHDDumJsaWNhbWVudGUgeS9vIHBvbmVybGFzIGEgZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIHDDumJsaWNhLjwvbGk+CiAgICA8L29sPgogICAgPHA+TG9zIGRlcmVjaG9zIG1lbmNpb25hZG9zIGFudGVyaW9ybWVudGUgcHVlZGVuIHNlciBlamVyY2lkb3MgZW4gdG9kb3MgbG9zIG1lZGlvcyB5IGZvcm1hdG9zLCBhY3R1YWxtZW50ZSBjb25vY2lkb3MgbyBxdWUgc2UgaW52ZW50ZW4gZW4gZWwgZnV0dXJvLiBMb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgYW50ZXMgbWVuY2lvbmFkb3MgaW5jbHV5ZW4gZWwgZGVyZWNobyBhIHJlYWxpemFyIGRpY2hhcyBtb2RpZmljYWNpb25lcyBlbiBsYSBtZWRpZGEgcXVlIHNlYW4gdMOpY25pY2FtZW50ZSBuZWNlc2FyaWFzIHBhcmEgZWplcmNlciBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgZW4gb3RybyBtZWRpbyBvIGZvcm1hdG9zLCBwZXJvIGRlIG90cmEgbWFuZXJhIHVzdGVkIG5vIGVzdMOhIGF1dG9yaXphZG8gcGFyYSByZWFsaXphciBvYnJhcyBkZXJpdmFkYXMuIFRvZG9zIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBubyBvdG9yZ2Fkb3MgZXhwcmVzYW1lbnRlIHBvciBlbCBMaWNlbmNpYW50ZSBxdWVkYW4gcG9yIGVzdGUgbWVkaW8gcmVzZXJ2YWRvcywgaW5jbHV5ZW5kbyBwZXJvIHNpbiBsaW1pdGFyc2UgYSBhcXVlbGxvcyBxdWUgc2UgbWVuY2lvbmFuIGVuIGxhcyBzZWNjaW9uZXMgNChkKSB5IDQoZSkuPC9wPgogIDwvbGk+CiAgPGJyLz4KICA8bGk+CiAgICBSZXN0cmljY2lvbmVzLgogICAgPHA+TGEgbGljZW5jaWEgb3RvcmdhZGEgZW4gbGEgYW50ZXJpb3IgU2VjY2nDs24gMyBlc3TDoSBleHByZXNhbWVudGUgc3VqZXRhIHkgbGltaXRhZGEgcG9yIGxhcyBzaWd1aWVudGVzIHJlc3RyaWNjaW9uZXM6PC9wPgogICAgPG9sIHR5cGU9ImEiPgogICAgICA8bGk+VXN0ZWQgcHVlZGUgZGlzdHJpYnVpciwgZXhoaWJpciBww7pibGljYW1lbnRlLCBlamVjdXRhciBww7pibGljYW1lbnRlLCBvIHBvbmVyIGEgZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIHDDumJsaWNhIGxhIE9icmEgc8OzbG8gYmFqbyBsYXMgY29uZGljaW9uZXMgZGUgZXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYSwgeSBVc3RlZCBkZWJlIGluY2x1aXIgdW5hIGNvcGlhIGRlIGVzdGEgbGljZW5jaWEgbyBkZWwgSWRlbnRpZmljYWRvciBVbml2ZXJzYWwgZGUgUmVjdXJzb3MgZGUgbGEgbWlzbWEgY29uIGNhZGEgY29waWEgZGUgbGEgT2JyYSBxdWUgZGlzdHJpYnV5YSwgZXhoaWJhIHDDumJsaWNhbWVudGUsIGVqZWN1dGUgcMO6YmxpY2FtZW50ZSBvIHBvbmdhIGEgZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIHDDumJsaWNhLiBObyBlcyBwb3NpYmxlIG9mcmVjZXIgbyBpbXBvbmVyIG5pbmd1bmEgY29uZGljacOzbiBzb2JyZSBsYSBPYnJhIHF1ZSBhbHRlcmUgbyBsaW1pdGUgbGFzIGNvbmRpY2lvbmVzIGRlIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEgbyBlbCBlamVyY2ljaW8gZGUgbG9zIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGxvcyBkZXN0aW5hdGFyaW9zIG90b3JnYWRvcyBlbiBlc3RlIGRvY3VtZW50by4gTm8gZXMgcG9zaWJsZSBzdWJsaWNlbmNpYXIgbGEgT2JyYS4gVXN0ZWQgZGViZSBtYW50ZW5lciBpbnRhY3RvcyB0b2RvcyBsb3MgYXZpc29zIHF1ZSBoYWdhbiByZWZlcmVuY2lhIGEgZXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYSB5IGEgbGEgY2zDoXVzdWxhIGRlIGxpbWl0YWNpw7NuIGRlIGdhcmFudMOtYXMuIFVzdGVkIG5vIHB1ZWRlIGRpc3RyaWJ1aXIsIGV4aGliaXIgcMO6YmxpY2FtZW50ZSwgZWplY3V0YXIgcMO6YmxpY2FtZW50ZSwgbyBwb25lciBhIGRpc3Bvc2ljacOzbiBww7pibGljYSBsYSBPYnJhIGNvbiBhbGd1bmEgbWVkaWRhIHRlY25vbMOzZ2ljYSBxdWUgY29udHJvbGUgZWwgYWNjZXNvIG8gbGEgdXRpbGl6YWNpw7NuIGRlIGVsbGEgZGUgdW5hIGZvcm1hIHF1ZSBzZWEgaW5jb25zaXN0ZW50ZSBjb24gbGFzIGNvbmRpY2lvbmVzIGRlIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEuIExvIGFudGVyaW9yIHNlIGFwbGljYSBhIGxhIE9icmEgaW5jb3Jwb3JhZGEgYSB1bmEgT2JyYSBDb2xlY3RpdmEsIHBlcm8gZXN0byBubyBleGlnZSBxdWUgbGEgT2JyYSBDb2xlY3RpdmEgYXBhcnRlIGRlIGxhIG9icmEgbWlzbWEgcXVlZGUgc3VqZXRhIGEgbGFzIGNvbmRpY2lvbmVzIGRlIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEuIFNpIFVzdGVkIGNyZWEgdW5hIE9icmEgQ29sZWN0aXZhLCBwcmV2aW8gYXZpc28gZGUgY3VhbHF1aWVyIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIGRlYmUsIGVuIGxhIG1lZGlkYSBkZSBsbyBwb3NpYmxlLCBlbGltaW5hciBkZSBsYSBPYnJhIENvbGVjdGl2YSBjdWFscXVpZXIgcmVmZXJlbmNpYSBhIGRpY2hvIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIG8gYWwgQXV0b3IgT3JpZ2luYWwsIHNlZ8O6biBsbyBzb2xpY2l0YWRvIHBvciBlbCBMaWNlbmNpYW50ZSB5IGNvbmZvcm1lIGxvIGV4aWdlIGxhIGNsw6F1c3VsYSA0KGMpLjwvbGk+CiAgICAgIDxsaT5Vc3RlZCBubyBwdWVkZSBlamVyY2VyIG5pbmd1bm8gZGUgbG9zIGRlcmVjaG9zIHF1ZSBsZSBoYW4gc2lkbyBvdG9yZ2Fkb3MgZW4gbGEgU2VjY2nDs24gMyBwcmVjZWRlbnRlIGRlIG1vZG8gcXVlIGVzdMOpbiBwcmluY2lwYWxtZW50ZSBkZXN0aW5hZG9zIG8gZGlyZWN0YW1lbnRlIGRpcmlnaWRvcyBhIGNvbnNlZ3VpciB1biBwcm92ZWNobyBjb21lcmNpYWwgbyB1bmEgY29tcGVuc2FjacOzbiBtb25ldGFyaWEgcHJpdmFkYS4gRWwgaW50ZXJjYW1iaW8gZGUgbGEgT2JyYSBwb3Igb3RyYXMgb2JyYXMgcHJvdGVnaWRhcyBwb3IgZGVyZWNob3MgZGUgYXV0b3IsIHlhIHNlYSBhIHRyYXbDqXMgZGUgdW4gc2lzdGVtYSBwYXJhIGNvbXBhcnRpciBhcmNoaXZvcyBkaWdpdGFsZXMgKGRpZ2l0YWwgZmlsZS1zaGFyaW5nKSBvIGRlIGN1YWxxdWllciBvdHJhIG1hbmVyYSBubyBzZXLDoSBjb25zaWRlcmFkbyBjb21vIGVzdGFyIGRlc3RpbmFkbyBwcmluY2lwYWxtZW50ZSBvIGRpcmlnaWRvIGRpcmVjdGFtZW50ZSBhIGNvbnNlZ3VpciB1biBwcm92ZWNobyBjb21lcmNpYWwgbyB1bmEgY29tcGVuc2FjacOzbiBtb25ldGFyaWEgcHJpdmFkYSwgc2llbXByZSBxdWUgbm8gc2UgcmVhbGljZSB1biBwYWdvIG1lZGlhbnRlIHVuYSBjb21wZW5zYWNpw7NuIG1vbmV0YXJpYSBlbiByZWxhY2nDs24gY29uIGVsIGludGVyY2FtYmlvIGRlIG9icmFzIHByb3RlZ2lkYXMgcG9yIGVsIGRlcmVjaG8gZGUgYXV0b3IuPC9saT4KICAgICAgPGxpPlNpIHVzdGVkIGRpc3RyaWJ1eWUsIGV4aGliZSBww7pibGljYW1lbnRlLCBlamVjdXRhIHDDumJsaWNhbWVudGUgbyBlamVjdXRhIHDDumJsaWNhbWVudGUgZW4gZm9ybWEgZGlnaXRhbCBsYSBPYnJhIG8gY3VhbHF1aWVyIE9icmEgRGVyaXZhZGEgdSBPYnJhIENvbGVjdGl2YSwgVXN0ZWQgZGViZSBtYW50ZW5lciBpbnRhY3RhIHRvZGEgbGEgaW5mb3JtYWNpw7NuIGRlIGRlcmVjaG8gZGUgYXV0b3IgZGUgbGEgT2JyYSB5IHByb3BvcmNpb25hciwgZGUgZm9ybWEgcmF6b25hYmxlIHNlZ8O6biBlbCBtZWRpbyBvIG1hbmVyYSBxdWUgVXN0ZWQgZXN0w6kgdXRpbGl6YW5kbzogKGkpIGVsIG5vbWJyZSBkZWwgQXV0b3IgT3JpZ2luYWwgc2kgZXN0w6EgcHJvdmlzdG8gKG8gc2V1ZMOzbmltbywgc2kgZnVlcmUgYXBsaWNhYmxlKSwgeS9vIChpaSkgZWwgbm9tYnJlIGRlIGxhIHBhcnRlIG8gbGFzIHBhcnRlcyBxdWUgZWwgQXV0b3IgT3JpZ2luYWwgeS9vIGVsIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIGh1YmllcmVuIGRlc2lnbmFkbyBwYXJhIGxhIGF0cmlidWNpw7NuICh2LmcuLCB1biBpbnN0aXR1dG8gcGF0cm9jaW5hZG9yLCBlZGl0b3JpYWwsIHB1YmxpY2FjacOzbikgZW4gbGEgaW5mb3JtYWNpw7NuIGRlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciBkZWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUsIHTDqXJtaW5vcyBkZSBzZXJ2aWNpb3MgbyBkZSBvdHJhcyBmb3JtYXMgcmF6b25hYmxlczsgZWwgdMOtdHVsbyBkZSBsYSBPYnJhIHNpIGVzdMOhIHByb3Zpc3RvOyBlbiBsYSBtZWRpZGEgZGUgbG8gcmF6b25hYmxlbWVudGUgZmFjdGlibGUgeSwgc2kgZXN0w6EgcHJvdmlzdG8sIGVsIElkZW50aWZpY2Fkb3IgVW5pZm9ybWUgZGUgUmVjdXJzb3MgKFVuaWZvcm0gUmVzb3VyY2UgSWRlbnRpZmllcikgcXVlIGVsIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIGVzcGVjaWZpY2EgcGFyYSBzZXIgYXNvY2lhZG8gY29uIGxhIE9icmEsIHNhbHZvIHF1ZSB0YWwgVVJJIG5vIHNlIHJlZmllcmEgYSBsYSBub3RhIHNvYnJlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciBvIGEgbGEgaW5mb3JtYWNpw7NuIHNvYnJlIGVsIGxpY2VuY2lhbWllbnRvIGRlIGxhIE9icmE7IHkgZW4gZWwgY2FzbyBkZSB1bmEgT2JyYSBEZXJpdmFkYSwgYXRyaWJ1aXIgZWwgY3LDqWRpdG8gaWRlbnRpZmljYW5kbyBlbCB1c28gZGUgbGEgT2JyYSBlbiBsYSBPYnJhIERlcml2YWRhICh2LmcuLCAiVHJhZHVjY2nDs24gRnJhbmNlc2EgZGUgbGEgT2JyYSBkZWwgQXV0b3IgT3JpZ2luYWwsIiBvICJHdWnDs24gQ2luZW1hdG9ncsOhZmljbyBiYXNhZG8gZW4gbGEgT2JyYSBvcmlnaW5hbCBkZWwgQXV0b3IgT3JpZ2luYWwiKS4gVGFsIGNyw6lkaXRvIHB1ZWRlIHNlciBpbXBsZW1lbnRhZG8gZGUgY3VhbHF1aWVyIGZvcm1hIHJhem9uYWJsZTsgZW4gZWwgY2Fzbywgc2luIGVtYmFyZ28sIGRlIE9icmFzIERlcml2YWRhcyB1IE9icmFzIENvbGVjdGl2YXMsIHRhbCBjcsOpZGl0byBhcGFyZWNlcsOhLCBjb21vIG3DrW5pbW8sIGRvbmRlIGFwYXJlY2UgZWwgY3LDqWRpdG8gZGUgY3VhbHF1aWVyIG90cm8gYXV0b3IgY29tcGFyYWJsZSB5IGRlIHVuYSBtYW5lcmEsIGFsIG1lbm9zLCB0YW4gZGVzdGFjYWRhIGNvbW8gZWwgY3LDqWRpdG8gZGUgb3RybyBhdXRvciBjb21wYXJhYmxlLjwvbGk+CiAgICAgIDxsaT4KICAgICAgICBQYXJhIGV2aXRhciB0b2RhIGNvbmZ1c2nDs24sIGVsIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIGFjbGFyYSBxdWUsIGN1YW5kbyBsYSBvYnJhIGVzIHVuYSBjb21wb3NpY2nDs24gbXVzaWNhbDoKICAgICAgICA8b2wgdHlwZT0iaSI+CiAgICAgICAgICA8bGk+UmVnYWzDrWFzIHBvciBpbnRlcnByZXRhY2nDs24geSBlamVjdWNpw7NuIGJham8gbGljZW5jaWFzIGdlbmVyYWxlcy4gRWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgc2UgcmVzZXJ2YSBlbCBkZXJlY2hvIGV4Y2x1c2l2byBkZSBhdXRvcml6YXIgbGEgZWplY3VjacOzbiBww7pibGljYSBvIGxhIGVqZWN1Y2nDs24gcMO6YmxpY2EgZGlnaXRhbCBkZSBsYSBvYnJhIHkgZGUgcmVjb2xlY3Rhciwgc2VhIGluZGl2aWR1YWxtZW50ZSBvIGEgdHJhdsOpcyBkZSB1bmEgc29jaWVkYWQgZGUgZ2VzdGnDs24gY29sZWN0aXZhIGRlIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yIHkgZGVyZWNob3MgY29uZXhvcyAocG9yIGVqZW1wbG8sIFNBWUNPKSwgbGFzIHJlZ2Fsw61hcyBwb3IgbGEgZWplY3VjacOzbiBww7pibGljYSBvIHBvciBsYSBlamVjdWNpw7NuIHDDumJsaWNhIGRpZ2l0YWwgZGUgbGEgb2JyYSAocG9yIGVqZW1wbG8gV2ViY2FzdCkgbGljZW5jaWFkYSBiYWpvIGxpY2VuY2lhcyBnZW5lcmFsZXMsIHNpIGxhIGludGVycHJldGFjacOzbiBvIGVqZWN1Y2nDs24gZGUgbGEgb2JyYSBlc3TDoSBwcmltb3JkaWFsbWVudGUgb3JpZW50YWRhIHBvciBvIGRpcmlnaWRhIGEgbGEgb2J0ZW5jacOzbiBkZSB1bmEgdmVudGFqYSBjb21lcmNpYWwgbyB1bmEgY29tcGVuc2FjacOzbiBtb25ldGFyaWEgcHJpdmFkYS48L2xpPgogICAgICAgICAgPGxpPlJlZ2Fsw61hcyBwb3IgRm9ub2dyYW1hcy4gRWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgc2UgcmVzZXJ2YSBlbCBkZXJlY2hvIGV4Y2x1c2l2byBkZSByZWNvbGVjdGFyLCBpbmRpdmlkdWFsbWVudGUgbyBhIHRyYXbDqXMgZGUgdW5hIHNvY2llZGFkIGRlIGdlc3Rpw7NuIGNvbGVjdGl2YSBkZSBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciB5IGRlcmVjaG9zIGNvbmV4b3MgKHBvciBlamVtcGxvLCBsb3MgY29uc2FncmFkb3MgcG9yIGxhIFNBWUNPKSwgdW5hIGFnZW5jaWEgZGUgZGVyZWNob3MgbXVzaWNhbGVzIG8gYWxnw7puIGFnZW50ZSBkZXNpZ25hZG8sIGxhcyByZWdhbMOtYXMgcG9yIGN1YWxxdWllciBmb25vZ3JhbWEgcXVlIFVzdGVkIGNyZWUgYSBwYXJ0aXIgZGUgbGEgb2JyYSAo4oCcdmVyc2nDs24gY292ZXLigJ0pIHkgZGlzdHJpYnV5YSwgZW4gbG9zIHTDqXJtaW5vcyBkZWwgcsOpZ2ltZW4gZGUgZGVyZWNob3MgZGUgYXV0b3IsIHNpIGxhIGNyZWFjacOzbiBvIGRpc3RyaWJ1Y2nDs24gZGUgZXNhIHZlcnNpw7NuIGNvdmVyIGVzdMOhIHByaW1vcmRpYWxtZW50ZSBkZXN0aW5hZGEgbyBkaXJpZ2lkYSBhIG9idGVuZXIgdW5hIHZlbnRhamEgY29tZXJjaWFsIG8gdW5hIGNvbXBlbnNhY2nDs24gbW9uZXRhcmlhIHByaXZhZGEuPC9saT4KICAgICAgICA8L29sPgogICAgICA8L2xpPgogICAgICA8bGk+R2VzdGnDs24gZGUgRGVyZWNob3MgZGUgQXV0b3Igc29icmUgSW50ZXJwcmV0YWNpb25lcyB5IEVqZWN1Y2lvbmVzIERpZ2l0YWxlcyAoV2ViQ2FzdGluZykuIFBhcmEgZXZpdGFyIHRvZGEgY29uZnVzacOzbiwgZWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgYWNsYXJhIHF1ZSwgY3VhbmRvIGxhIG9icmEgc2VhIHVuIGZvbm9ncmFtYSwgZWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgc2UgcmVzZXJ2YSBlbCBkZXJlY2hvIGV4Y2x1c2l2byBkZSBhdXRvcml6YXIgbGEgZWplY3VjacOzbiBww7pibGljYSBkaWdpdGFsIGRlIGxhIG9icmEgKHBvciBlamVtcGxvLCB3ZWJjYXN0KSB5IGRlIHJlY29sZWN0YXIsIGluZGl2aWR1YWxtZW50ZSBvIGEgdHJhdsOpcyBkZSB1bmEgc29jaWVkYWQgZGUgZ2VzdGnDs24gY29sZWN0aXZhIGRlIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yIHkgZGVyZWNob3MgY29uZXhvcyAocG9yIGVqZW1wbG8sIEFDSU5QUk8pLCBsYXMgcmVnYWzDrWFzIHBvciBsYSBlamVjdWNpw7NuIHDDumJsaWNhIGRpZ2l0YWwgZGUgbGEgb2JyYSAocG9yIGVqZW1wbG8sIHdlYmNhc3QpLCBzdWpldGEgYSBsYXMgZGlzcG9zaWNpb25lcyBhcGxpY2FibGVzIGRlbCByw6lnaW1lbiBkZSBEZXJlY2hvIGRlIEF1dG9yLCBzaSBlc3RhIGVqZWN1Y2nDs24gcMO6YmxpY2EgZGlnaXRhbCBlc3TDoSBwcmltb3JkaWFsbWVudGUgZGlyaWdpZGEgYSBvYnRlbmVyIHVuYSB2ZW50YWphIGNvbWVyY2lhbCBvIHVuYSBjb21wZW5zYWNpw7NuIG1vbmV0YXJpYSBwcml2YWRhLjwvbGk+CiAgICA8L29sPgogIDwvbGk+CiAgPGJyLz4KICA8bGk+CiAgICBSZXByZXNlbnRhY2lvbmVzLCBHYXJhbnTDrWFzIHkgTGltaXRhY2lvbmVzIGRlIFJlc3BvbnNhYmlsaWRhZC4KICAgIDxwPkEgTUVOT1MgUVVFIExBUyBQQVJURVMgTE8gQUNPUkRBUkFOIERFIE9UUkEgRk9STUEgUE9SIEVTQ1JJVE8sIEVMIExJQ0VOQ0lBTlRFIE9GUkVDRSBMQSBPQlJBIChFTiBFTCBFU1RBRE8gRU4gRUwgUVVFIFNFIEVOQ1VFTlRSQSkg4oCcVEFMIENVQUzigJ0sIFNJTiBCUklOREFSIEdBUkFOVMONQVMgREUgQ0xBU0UgQUxHVU5BIFJFU1BFQ1RPIERFIExBIE9CUkEsIFlBIFNFQSBFWFBSRVNBLCBJTVBMw41DSVRBLCBMRUdBTCBPIENVQUxRVUlFUkEgT1RSQSwgSU5DTFVZRU5ETywgU0lOIExJTUlUQVJTRSBBIEVMTEFTLCBHQVJBTlTDjUFTIERFIFRJVFVMQVJJREFELCBDT01FUkNJQUJJTElEQUQsIEFEQVBUQUJJTElEQUQgTyBBREVDVUFDScOTTiBBIFBST1DDk1NJVE8gREVURVJNSU5BRE8sIEFVU0VOQ0lBIERFIElORlJBQ0NJw5NOLCBERSBBVVNFTkNJQSBERSBERUZFQ1RPUyBMQVRFTlRFUyBPIERFIE9UUk8gVElQTywgTyBMQSBQUkVTRU5DSUEgTyBBVVNFTkNJQSBERSBFUlJPUkVTLCBTRUFOIE8gTk8gREVTQ1VCUklCTEVTIChQVUVEQU4gTyBOTyBTRVIgRVNUT1MgREVTQ1VCSUVSVE9TKS4gQUxHVU5BUyBKVVJJU0RJQ0NJT05FUyBOTyBQRVJNSVRFTiBMQSBFWENMVVNJw5NOIERFIEdBUkFOVMONQVMgSU1QTMONQ0lUQVMsIEVOIENVWU8gQ0FTTyBFU1RBIEVYQ0xVU0nDk04gUFVFREUgTk8gQVBMSUNBUlNFIEEgVVNURUQuPC9wPgogIDwvbGk+CiAgPGJyLz4KICA8bGk+CiAgICBMaW1pdGFjacOzbiBkZSByZXNwb25zYWJpbGlkYWQuCiAgICA8cD5BIE1FTk9TIFFVRSBMTyBFWElKQSBFWFBSRVNBTUVOVEUgTEEgTEVZIEFQTElDQUJMRSwgRUwgTElDRU5DSUFOVEUgTk8gU0VSw4EgUkVTUE9OU0FCTEUgQU5URSBVU1RFRCBQT1IgREHDkU8gQUxHVU5PLCBTRUEgUE9SIFJFU1BPTlNBQklMSURBRCBFWFRSQUNPTlRSQUNUVUFMLCBQUkVDT05UUkFDVFVBTCBPIENPTlRSQUNUVUFMLCBPQkpFVElWQSBPIFNVQkpFVElWQSwgU0UgVFJBVEUgREUgREHDkU9TIE1PUkFMRVMgTyBQQVRSSU1PTklBTEVTLCBESVJFQ1RPUyBPIElORElSRUNUT1MsIFBSRVZJU1RPUyBPIElNUFJFVklTVE9TIFBST0RVQ0lET1MgUE9SIEVMIFVTTyBERSBFU1RBIExJQ0VOQ0lBIE8gREUgTEEgT0JSQSwgQVVOIENVQU5ETyBFTCBMSUNFTkNJQU5URSBIQVlBIFNJRE8gQURWRVJUSURPIERFIExBIFBPU0lCSUxJREFEIERFIERJQ0hPUyBEQcORT1MuIEFMR1VOQVMgTEVZRVMgTk8gUEVSTUlURU4gTEEgRVhDTFVTScOTTiBERSBDSUVSVEEgUkVTUE9OU0FCSUxJREFELCBFTiBDVVlPIENBU08gRVNUQSBFWENMVVNJw5NOIFBVRURFIE5PIEFQTElDQVJTRSBBIFVTVEVELjwvcD4KICA8L2xpPgogIDxici8+CiAgPGxpPgogICAgVMOpcm1pbm8uCiAgICA8b2wgdHlwZT0iYSI+CiAgICAgIDxsaT5Fc3RhIExpY2VuY2lhIHkgbG9zIGRlcmVjaG9zIG90b3JnYWRvcyBlbiB2aXJ0dWQgZGUgZWxsYSB0ZXJtaW5hcsOhbiBhdXRvbcOhdGljYW1lbnRlIHNpIFVzdGVkIGluZnJpbmdlIGFsZ3VuYSBjb25kaWNpw7NuIGVzdGFibGVjaWRhIGVuIGVsbGEuIFNpbiBlbWJhcmdvLCBsb3MgaW5kaXZpZHVvcyBvIGVudGlkYWRlcyBxdWUgaGFuIHJlY2liaWRvIE9icmFzIERlcml2YWRhcyBvIENvbGVjdGl2YXMgZGUgVXN0ZWQgZGUgY29uZm9ybWlkYWQgY29uIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEsIG5vIHZlcsOhbiB0ZXJtaW5hZGFzIHN1cyBsaWNlbmNpYXMsIHNpZW1wcmUgcXVlIGVzdG9zIGluZGl2aWR1b3MgbyBlbnRpZGFkZXMgc2lnYW4gY3VtcGxpZW5kbyDDrW50ZWdyYW1lbnRlIGxhcyBjb25kaWNpb25lcyBkZSBlc3RhcyBsaWNlbmNpYXMuIExhcyBTZWNjaW9uZXMgMSwgMiwgNSwgNiwgNywgeSA4IHN1YnNpc3RpcsOhbiBhIGN1YWxxdWllciB0ZXJtaW5hY2nDs24gZGUgZXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYS48L2xpPgogICAgICA8bGk+U3VqZXRhIGEgbGFzIGNvbmRpY2lvbmVzIHkgdMOpcm1pbm9zIGFudGVyaW9yZXMsIGxhIGxpY2VuY2lhIG90b3JnYWRhIGFxdcOtIGVzIHBlcnBldHVhIChkdXJhbnRlIGVsIHBlcsOtb2RvIGRlIHZpZ2VuY2lhIGRlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciBkZSBsYSBvYnJhKS4gTm8gb2JzdGFudGUgbG8gYW50ZXJpb3IsIGVsIExpY2VuY2lhbnRlIHNlIHJlc2VydmEgZWwgZGVyZWNobyBhIHB1YmxpY2FyIHkvbyBlc3RyZW5hciBsYSBPYnJhIGJham8gY29uZGljaW9uZXMgZGUgbGljZW5jaWEgZGlmZXJlbnRlcyBvIGEgZGVqYXIgZGUgZGlzdHJpYnVpcmxhIGVuIGxvcyB0w6lybWlub3MgZGUgZXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYSBlbiBjdWFscXVpZXIgbW9tZW50bzsgZW4gZWwgZW50ZW5kaWRvLCBzaW4gZW1iYXJnbywgcXVlIGVzYSBlbGVjY2nDs24gbm8gc2Vydmlyw6EgcGFyYSByZXZvY2FyIGVzdGEgbGljZW5jaWEgbyBxdWUgZGViYSBzZXIgb3RvcmdhZGEgLCBiYWpvIGxvcyB0w6lybWlub3MgZGUgZXN0YSBsaWNlbmNpYSksIHkgZXN0YSBsaWNlbmNpYSBjb250aW51YXLDoSBlbiBwbGVubyB2aWdvciB5IGVmZWN0byBhIG1lbm9zIHF1ZSBzZWEgdGVybWluYWRhIGNvbW8gc2UgZXhwcmVzYSBhdHLDoXMuIExhIExpY2VuY2lhIHJldm9jYWRhIGNvbnRpbnVhcsOhIHNpZW5kbyBwbGVuYW1lbnRlIHZpZ2VudGUgeSBlZmVjdGl2YSBzaSBubyBzZSBsZSBkYSB0w6lybWlubyBlbiBsYXMgY29uZGljaW9uZXMgaW5kaWNhZGFzIGFudGVyaW9ybWVudGUuPC9saT4KICAgIDwvb2w+CiAgPC9saT4KICA8YnIvPgogIDxsaT4KICAgIFZhcmlvcy4KICAgIDxvbCB0eXBlPSJhIj4KICAgICAgPGxpPkNhZGEgdmV6IHF1ZSBVc3RlZCBkaXN0cmlidXlhIG8gcG9uZ2EgYSBkaXNwb3NpY2nDs24gcMO6YmxpY2EgbGEgT2JyYSBvIHVuYSBPYnJhIENvbGVjdGl2YSwgZWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgb2ZyZWNlcsOhIGFsIGRlc3RpbmF0YXJpbyB1bmEgbGljZW5jaWEgZW4gbG9zIG1pc21vcyB0w6lybWlub3MgeSBjb25kaWNpb25lcyBxdWUgbGEgbGljZW5jaWEgb3RvcmdhZGEgYSBVc3RlZCBiYWpvIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEuPC9saT4KICAgICAgPGxpPlNpIGFsZ3VuYSBkaXNwb3NpY2nDs24gZGUgZXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYSByZXN1bHRhIGludmFsaWRhZGEgbyBubyBleGlnaWJsZSwgc2Vnw7puIGxhIGxlZ2lzbGFjacOzbiB2aWdlbnRlLCBlc3RvIG5vIGFmZWN0YXLDoSBuaSBsYSB2YWxpZGV6IG5pIGxhIGFwbGljYWJpbGlkYWQgZGVsIHJlc3RvIGRlIGNvbmRpY2lvbmVzIGRlIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEgeSwgc2luIGFjY2nDs24gYWRpY2lvbmFsIHBvciBwYXJ0ZSBkZSBsb3Mgc3VqZXRvcyBkZSBlc3RlIGFjdWVyZG8sIGFxdcOpbGxhIHNlIGVudGVuZGVyw6EgcmVmb3JtYWRhIGxvIG3DrW5pbW8gbmVjZXNhcmlvIHBhcmEgaGFjZXIgcXVlIGRpY2hhIGRpc3Bvc2ljacOzbiBzZWEgdsOhbGlkYSB5IGV4aWdpYmxlLjwvbGk+CiAgICAgIDxsaT5OaW5nw7puIHTDqXJtaW5vIG8gZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIGRlIGVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEgc2UgZXN0aW1hcsOhIHJlbnVuY2lhZGEgeSBuaW5ndW5hIHZpb2xhY2nDs24gZGUgZWxsYSBzZXLDoSBjb25zZW50aWRhIGEgbWVub3MgcXVlIGVzYSByZW51bmNpYSBvIGNvbnNlbnRpbWllbnRvIHNlYSBvdG9yZ2FkbyBwb3IgZXNjcml0byB5IGZpcm1hZG8gcG9yIGxhIHBhcnRlIHF1ZSByZW51bmNpZSBvIGNvbnNpZW50YS48L2xpPgogICAgICA8bGk+RXN0YSBMaWNlbmNpYSByZWZsZWphIGVsIGFjdWVyZG8gcGxlbm8gZW50cmUgbGFzIHBhcnRlcyByZXNwZWN0byBhIGxhIE9icmEgYXF1w60gbGljZW5jaWFkYS4gTm8gaGF5IGFycmVnbG9zLCBhY3VlcmRvcyBvIGRlY2xhcmFjaW9uZXMgcmVzcGVjdG8gYSBsYSBPYnJhIHF1ZSBubyBlc3TDqW4gZXNwZWNpZmljYWRvcyBlbiBlc3RlIGRvY3VtZW50by4gRWwgTGljZW5jaWFudGUgbm8gc2UgdmVyw6EgbGltaXRhZG8gcG9yIG5pbmd1bmEgZGlzcG9zaWNpw7NuIGFkaWNpb25hbCBxdWUgcHVlZGEgc3VyZ2lyIGVuIGFsZ3VuYSBjb211bmljYWNpw7NuIGVtYW5hZGEgZGUgVXN0ZWQuIEVzdGEgTGljZW5jaWEgbm8gcHVlZGUgc2VyIG1vZGlmaWNhZGEgc2luIGVsIGNvbnNlbnRpbWllbnRvIG11dHVvIHBvciBlc2NyaXRvIGRlbCBMaWNlbmNpYW50ZSB5IFVzdGVkLjwvbGk+CiAgICA8L29sPgogIDwvbGk+CiAgPGJyLz4KPC9vbD4K 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