A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank

The industrial production of polypropylene–polyethylene composites (C-PP-PE) involves the generation of waste that is not usable, resulting in a significant environmental impact globally. In this research, we identified different concentrations of aluminum (8–410 ppm), chlorine (13–205 ppm), and iro...

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Autores:
Hernández Fernández, Joaquín Alejandro
Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo
Espinosa Fuentes, Eduardo Antonio
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2024
Institución:
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Repositorio:
Repositorio Institucional UTB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.utb.edu.co:20.500.12585/12764
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12764
Palabra clave:
DFT
Thermodynamic models
Catalyst
Polypropylene–polyethylene composites
Activation energy;
Degradation
LEMB
Rights
openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
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dc.title.es_CO.fl_str_mv A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
title A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
spellingShingle A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
DFT
Thermodynamic models
Catalyst
Polypropylene–polyethylene composites
Activation energy;
Degradation
LEMB
title_short A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
title_full A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
title_fullStr A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
title_full_unstemmed A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
title_sort A study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tank
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Hernández Fernández, Joaquín Alejandro
Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo
Espinosa Fuentes, Eduardo Antonio
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Hernández Fernández, Joaquín Alejandro
Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo
Espinosa Fuentes, Eduardo Antonio
dc.subject.keywords.es_CO.fl_str_mv DFT
Thermodynamic models
Catalyst
Polypropylene–polyethylene composites
Activation energy;
Degradation
topic DFT
Thermodynamic models
Catalyst
Polypropylene–polyethylene composites
Activation energy;
Degradation
LEMB
dc.subject.armarc.none.fl_str_mv LEMB
description The industrial production of polypropylene–polyethylene composites (C-PP-PE) involves the generation of waste that is not usable, resulting in a significant environmental impact globally. In this research, we identified different concentrations of aluminum (8–410 ppm), chlorine (13–205 ppm), and iron (4–100 ppm) residues originating from traces of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst and the triethylaluminum (TEAL) co-catalyst. These residues accelerate the generation of plastic waste and affect the thermo-kinetic performance of C-PP-PE, as well as the formation of volatile organic compounds that reduce the commercial viability of C-PP-PE. Several families of organic compounds were quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and it is evident that these concentrations varied directly with the ppm of Al, Cl, and Fe present in C-PP-PE. This research used kinetic models of Coats–Redfern, Horowitz–Metzger, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose. The activation energy values (Ea) were inversely correlated with Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations. In samples PP0 and W3, with low Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations, the values (Ea) were 286 and 224 kJ mol−1, respectively, using the Horowitz method. Samples W1 and W5, with a high ppm of these elements, showed Ea values of 80.83 and 102.99 kJ mol−1, respectively. This knowledge of the thermodynamic behavior and the elucidation of possible chemical reactions in the industrial production of C-PP-PE allowed us to search for a suitable remediation technique to give a new commercial life to C-PP-PE waste, thus supporting the management of plastic waste and improving the process—recycling to promote sustainability and industrial efficiency. One option was using the antioxidant additive Irgafos P-168 (IG-P168), which stabilized some of these C-PP-PE residues very well until thermal properties similar to those of pure C-PP-PE were obtained.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-14T21:24:27Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-14T21:24:27Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024-08-09
dc.date.submitted.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-14
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dc.identifier.citation.es_CO.fl_str_mv Hernández Fernández, J.A.; Ortega-Toro, R.; Fuentes, E.A.E. A Study on the Early Degradation of the Non-Additive Polypropylene– Polyethylene Composite Sampled between the Polymerization Reactor and the Deactivation-Degassing Tank. J. Compos. Sci. 2024,8, 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8080311
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12764
dc.identifier.ark.none.fl_str_mv 10.3390/jcs8080311
dc.identifier.instname.es_CO.fl_str_mv Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
dc.identifier.reponame.es_CO.fl_str_mv Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
identifier_str_mv Hernández Fernández, J.A.; Ortega-Toro, R.; Fuentes, E.A.E. A Study on the Early Degradation of the Non-Additive Polypropylene– Polyethylene Composite Sampled between the Polymerization Reactor and the Deactivation-Degassing Tank. J. Compos. Sci. 2024,8, 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8080311
10.3390/jcs8080311
Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
Repositorio Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/12764
dc.language.iso.es_CO.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.rights.cc.*.fl_str_mv CC0 1.0 Universal
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
CC0 1.0 Universal
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eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 16 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.es_CO.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.spatial.none.fl_str_mv Colombia, Cartagena-Bolivar
dc.publisher.place.es_CO.fl_str_mv Cartagena de Indias
dc.publisher.faculty.es_CO.fl_str_mv Ingeniería
dc.publisher.sede.es_CO.fl_str_mv Campus Tecnológico
dc.source.es_CO.fl_str_mv Journal of Composites Science
institution Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar
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spelling Hernández Fernández, Joaquín Alejandro5c97a10b-cbe8-4ee8-ae3d-5d53f31efd44Ortega-Toro, Rodrigod594d4c1-6ec9-4782-a84b-cee2853ea359Espinosa Fuentes, Eduardo Antoniocaa3b177-18ff-44db-8126-4e5c87aa3304Colombia, Cartagena-Bolivar2024-11-14T21:24:27Z2024-11-14T21:24:27Z2024-08-092024-11-14Hernández Fernández, J.A.; Ortega-Toro, R.; Fuentes, E.A.E. A Study on the Early Degradation of the Non-Additive Polypropylene– Polyethylene Composite Sampled between the Polymerization Reactor and the Deactivation-Degassing Tank. J. Compos. Sci. 2024,8, 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8080311https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12585/1276410.3390/jcs8080311Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarRepositorio Universidad Tecnológica de BolívarThe industrial production of polypropylene–polyethylene composites (C-PP-PE) involves the generation of waste that is not usable, resulting in a significant environmental impact globally. In this research, we identified different concentrations of aluminum (8–410 ppm), chlorine (13–205 ppm), and iron (4–100 ppm) residues originating from traces of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst and the triethylaluminum (TEAL) co-catalyst. These residues accelerate the generation of plastic waste and affect the thermo-kinetic performance of C-PP-PE, as well as the formation of volatile organic compounds that reduce the commercial viability of C-PP-PE. Several families of organic compounds were quantified by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and it is evident that these concentrations varied directly with the ppm of Al, Cl, and Fe present in C-PP-PE. This research used kinetic models of Coats–Redfern, Horowitz–Metzger, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose. The activation energy values (Ea) were inversely correlated with Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations. In samples PP0 and W3, with low Al, Cl, and Fe concentrations, the values (Ea) were 286 and 224 kJ mol−1, respectively, using the Horowitz method. Samples W1 and W5, with a high ppm of these elements, showed Ea values of 80.83 and 102.99 kJ mol−1, respectively. This knowledge of the thermodynamic behavior and the elucidation of possible chemical reactions in the industrial production of C-PP-PE allowed us to search for a suitable remediation technique to give a new commercial life to C-PP-PE waste, thus supporting the management of plastic waste and improving the process—recycling to promote sustainability and industrial efficiency. One option was using the antioxidant additive Irgafos P-168 (IG-P168), which stabilized some of these C-PP-PE residues very well until thermal properties similar to those of pure C-PP-PE were obtained.Universidad Tecnológica de Bolivar, Universidad de Cartagena, Universidad de la Costa16 páginasapplication/pdfenghttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCC0 1.0 Universalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Journal of Composites ScienceA study on the early degradation of the non-additive polypropylene–polyethylene composite sampled between the polymerization reactor and the deactivation-degassing tankinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1DFTThermodynamic modelsCatalystPolypropylene–polyethylene compositesActivation energy;DegradationLEMBCartagena de IndiasIngenieríaCampus TecnológicoInvestigadoresZweifel, H. 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