Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general

El trabajo se propone presentar un enfoque de la decoherencia cuántica más general que el enfoque tradicional de la decoherencia inducida por el entorno (environment-induced decoherence) formulado por Zurek y sus colaboradores. Este nuevo enfoque, que viene desarrollándose en diversas publicaciones...

Full description

Autores:
Fortín, Sebastián
Tipo de recurso:
https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Fecha de publicación:
2012
Institución:
Universidad El Bosque
Repositorio:
Repositorio U. El Bosque
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/6285
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/6285
https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.v12i24.1695
Palabra clave:
Decoherencia cuántica
Decoherencia inducida por el entorno
Sistema cerrado
Quantum Decoherence
Environment-induced Decoherene
Closed System
Rights
License
Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
id UNBOSQUE2_3031520845a5c3b9e6713015f73d9c99
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/6285
network_acronym_str UNBOSQUE2
network_name_str Repositorio U. El Bosque
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Towards a better understanding of decoherence from a general perspective
title Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
spellingShingle Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
Decoherencia cuántica
Decoherencia inducida por el entorno
Sistema cerrado
Quantum Decoherence
Environment-induced Decoherene
Closed System
title_short Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
title_full Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
title_fullStr Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
title_full_unstemmed Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
title_sort Hacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Fortín, Sebastián
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Fortín, Sebastián
dc.contributor.orcid.none.fl_str_mv 0000-0002-4531-7461
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Decoherencia cuántica
Decoherencia inducida por el entorno
Sistema cerrado
topic Decoherencia cuántica
Decoherencia inducida por el entorno
Sistema cerrado
Quantum Decoherence
Environment-induced Decoherene
Closed System
dc.subject.keywords.spa.fl_str_mv Quantum Decoherence
Environment-induced Decoherene
Closed System
description El trabajo se propone presentar un enfoque de la decoherencia cuántica más general que el enfoque tradicional de la decoherencia inducida por el entorno (environment-induced decoherence) formulado por Zurek y sus colaboradores. Este nuevo enfoque, que viene desarrollándose en diversas publicaciones de nuestro grupo, adopta la perspectiva del sistema cerrado completo, sistema más entorno, y se basa en el análisis de la evolución temporal de los valores medios de los observables de dicho sistema cerrado. Al unificar la decoherencia inducida por el entorno y algunas propuestas alternativos, este nuevo enfoque facilitaría la elucidación del concepto de decoherencia desde una perspectiva general
publishDate 2012
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2012-01-01
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-03T16:08:04Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-11-03T16:08:04Z
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.coarversion.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
format https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 0124-4620
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/6285
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.v12i24.1695
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv instname:Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
identifier_str_mv 0124-4620
instname:Universidad El Bosque
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/6285
https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.v12i24.1695
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.ispartofseries.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Colombiana de Filosofía de la Ciencia, 0124-4620, Vol. 12 Núm 24, 2012, 65-82.
dc.relation.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.unbosque.edu.co/index.php/rcfc/article/view/1695
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv Adler, S. “Why decoherence has not solved the measurement problem: a response to P. W. Anderson”. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 34 (2003): 135-142.—. Quantum Theory as an Emergent Phenomenon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Bacciagaluppi, G & Hemmo, M.. “Making sense of approximate decohe-rence”. Proceedings of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1 (1994): 345-354.—. “Modal interpretations, decoherence and measurements”. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 27 (1996): 239-277.
Bonifacio, R., Olivares, S., Tombesi, P. & Vitali, D. “Model-independent approach to nondissipative decoherence”. Physical Review A, 61 (2000): 053802.
Bub, J. Interpreting the Quantum World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Casati, G. & Chirikov, B. “Quantum chaos: unexpected complexity”. Physica D, 86 (1995): 220-237.
Casati, G. & Prosen, T. “Quantum chaos and the double-slit experiment”. Physical Review A, 72 (2005): 032111.
Castagnino, M. & Fortin, S. “Predicting decoherence in discrete models”. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 50 (2011): 2259-2267.
Castagnino, M., Fortin, S., Laura, R. & Lombardi, O. “A general theore-tical framework for decoherence in open and closed systems”. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 25 (2008): 154002.
Castagnino M. & Lombardi, O. “The self-induced approach to decoherence in cosmology”. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 42 (2003): 1281-1299.—. “Self-induced decoherence: a new approach”. Studies In History and Philo-sophy of Science Part B: Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 35 (2004): 73-107.—. “Self-induced decoherence and the classical limit of quantum mechanics”. Philosophy of Science, 72 (2005a): 764-776.—. “Decoherence time in self-induced decoherence”. Physical Review A, 72 (2005b): 764-776.
Diosi, L. “A universal master equation for the gravitational violation of quantum mechanics”. Physics Letters A, 120 (1987): 377-381.
Elby, A. “The «decoherence» approach to the measurement problem in quantum mechanics”. Proceedings of the 1994 Biennial Meeting of the Philo-sophy of Science Association, Vol. 1. East Lansing: Philosophy of Science Association, 1994.
Ford, G. W. & O’Connell, R. F. “Decoherence without dissipation”. Physics Letters A, 286 (2001): 87-90.
Frasca, M. “General theorems on decoherence in the thermodynamic limit”. Physics Letters A, 308 (2003): 135-139.
Gambini, R. & Pulin, J. “Relational physics with real rods and clocks and the measurement problem of quantum mechanics”. Foundations of Physics, 37 (2007): 1074-1092.
Healey, R. “Dissipating the quantum measurement problem”. To p o i, 14 (1995): 55-65.
Heisenberg, W. “Über den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischer Kinematic und Mechanik”. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43 (1927): 172-198. Versión inglesa: “The physical content of quantum kinematics and mecha-n i c s”. Quantum Theory and Measurement. Eds. J. A. Wheeler & W. H. Zurek. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.
Joos, E. “Elements of environmental decoherence”. Decoherence: Theoretical, Experimental, and Conceptual Problems.Eds. P. Blanchard, D. Giulini, E.
Joos, C. Kiefer & I.-O. Stamatescu. Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer, 2000. Lecture Notes in Physics 538.
Kiefer, C. & Polarski, D. “Why do cosmological perturbations look classical to us?”. Advanced Science Letters, 2 (2009): 164-173.
Leggett, A. J. “Reflections on the quantum measurement paradox”. Quantum Implications. Eds. B. J. Hiley & F. D. Peat. Londres: Routledge and Kegan P a u l , 19 8 7
Lombardi, O. & Vanni, L. “Medición cuántica y decoherencia: ¿qué medimos cuando medimos?”. Scientiae Studia,8 (2010): 273-291
Milburn, G. J. “Intrinsic decoherence in quantum mechanics”. Physical Review A, 44 (1991): 5401-5406.
Paz, J. P. & Zurek, W. H. “Environment-induced decoherence and the transi-tion from quantum to classical”. Fundamentals of Quantum Information: Quantum Computation, Communication, Decoherence and All That. Ed. D. Heiss. Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer, 2002.
Penrose, R. Shadows of the Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Pessoa Jr., O. “Can the decoherence approach help to solve the measurement problem? ”, Synthese, 113 (1998): 323-346.
Schlosshauer, M. “Decoherence, the measurement problem, and interpre-tations of quantum mechanics”, Reviews of Modern Physics, 76 (2004): 1267-1305.—. Decoherence and the Quantum-to-Classical Transition. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.
Sicardi, A. C., Abal, G., Siri, R., Romanelli, A. & Donangelo, R. “Intrinsic decoherence and irreversibility in a quasiperiodic kicked rotor”, arXiv:quant-ph/0308162, 2003.
Von Neumann, J. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Trad. R. T. Beyer. Princeton: Princeton University Press, [1932] 1996.
Zeh, D. “On the interpretation of measurement in quantum theory”, Founda-tions of Physics, 1 (1970): 69-76.
Zurek, W. H. “Pointer basis of quantum apparatus: into what mixture does the wave packet collapse?”, Physical Review D, 24 (1981): 1516-1525.—. “Environment-induced superselection rules”, Physical Review D, 26 (1982): 1862-1880.—. “Decoherence and the transition from quantum to classical”, Physics Today, 44 (1991): 36-44.—. “Preferred sets of states, predictability, classicality and environment-induced decoherence”. Physical Origins of Time Asymmetry. Eds. J. J. Halliwell, J. Pérez-Mercader & W. H. Zurek, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.—. “Decoherence, einselection, and the quantum origins of the classical”. Reviews of Modern Physics, 75 (2003): 715-776.
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rights.local.spa.fl_str_mv Acceso abierto
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Acceso abierto
https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.journal.spa.fl_str_mv Revista Colombiana de Filosofía de la Ciencia
institution Universidad El Bosque
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/1a546260-d035-4423-a5c1-6a84e8847968/download
https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/36e983ea-2380-449d-9115-e64189d31611/download
https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/d70948b8-7bf1-410f-a8e1-16df31c6631d/download
https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/82ddf3aa-4baf-4457-b097-cb669b69e58a/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv e9b065f6e1c15e1a96349a2e8a7e3faa
934f4ca17e109e0a05eaeaba504d7ce4
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
a55fa16fee59f9055f8c3c34281d6827
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bibliotecas@biteca.com
_version_ 1849967320422678528
spelling Fortín, Sebastián0000-0002-4531-74612021-11-03T16:08:04Z2021-11-03T16:08:04Z2012-01-010124-4620https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/6285https://doi.org/10.18270/rcfc.v12i24.1695instname:Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coEl trabajo se propone presentar un enfoque de la decoherencia cuántica más general que el enfoque tradicional de la decoherencia inducida por el entorno (environment-induced decoherence) formulado por Zurek y sus colaboradores. Este nuevo enfoque, que viene desarrollándose en diversas publicaciones de nuestro grupo, adopta la perspectiva del sistema cerrado completo, sistema más entorno, y se basa en el análisis de la evolución temporal de los valores medios de los observables de dicho sistema cerrado. Al unificar la decoherencia inducida por el entorno y algunas propuestas alternativos, este nuevo enfoque facilitaría la elucidación del concepto de decoherencia desde una perspectiva generalThe present paper proposes an approach to quantum decoherence more general than the traditional environment-induced decoherence (EID) approach, formulated by Zurek and his collaborators. This new approach, developed in different publications of our group, adopts the closed-system perspective, i.e. considers the whole system (system plus environment), and is based on the temporal evolution of the expecta-tion values of the closed system’s observables. By unifying the environment-induced decoherence and some alternative proposals, this new approach would facilitate the elucidation of the concept of decoherence from a general perspective.application/pdfspaRevista Colombiana de Filosofía de la Ciencia, 0124-4620, Vol. 12 Núm 24, 2012, 65-82.https://revistas.unbosque.edu.co/index.php/rcfc/article/view/1695Adler, S. “Why decoherence has not solved the measurement problem: a response to P. W. Anderson”. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 34 (2003): 135-142.—. Quantum Theory as an Emergent Phenomenon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.Bacciagaluppi, G & Hemmo, M.. “Making sense of approximate decohe-rence”. Proceedings of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1 (1994): 345-354.—. “Modal interpretations, decoherence and measurements”. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 27 (1996): 239-277.Bonifacio, R., Olivares, S., Tombesi, P. & Vitali, D. “Model-independent approach to nondissipative decoherence”. Physical Review A, 61 (2000): 053802.Bub, J. Interpreting the Quantum World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.Casati, G. & Chirikov, B. “Quantum chaos: unexpected complexity”. Physica D, 86 (1995): 220-237.Casati, G. & Prosen, T. “Quantum chaos and the double-slit experiment”. Physical Review A, 72 (2005): 032111.Castagnino, M. & Fortin, S. “Predicting decoherence in discrete models”. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 50 (2011): 2259-2267.Castagnino, M., Fortin, S., Laura, R. & Lombardi, O. “A general theore-tical framework for decoherence in open and closed systems”. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 25 (2008): 154002.Castagnino M. & Lombardi, O. “The self-induced approach to decoherence in cosmology”. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 42 (2003): 1281-1299.—. “Self-induced decoherence: a new approach”. Studies In History and Philo-sophy of Science Part B: Studies In History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 35 (2004): 73-107.—. “Self-induced decoherence and the classical limit of quantum mechanics”. Philosophy of Science, 72 (2005a): 764-776.—. “Decoherence time in self-induced decoherence”. Physical Review A, 72 (2005b): 764-776.Diosi, L. “A universal master equation for the gravitational violation of quantum mechanics”. Physics Letters A, 120 (1987): 377-381.Elby, A. “The «decoherence» approach to the measurement problem in quantum mechanics”. Proceedings of the 1994 Biennial Meeting of the Philo-sophy of Science Association, Vol. 1. East Lansing: Philosophy of Science Association, 1994.Ford, G. W. & O’Connell, R. F. “Decoherence without dissipation”. Physics Letters A, 286 (2001): 87-90.Frasca, M. “General theorems on decoherence in the thermodynamic limit”. Physics Letters A, 308 (2003): 135-139.Gambini, R. & Pulin, J. “Relational physics with real rods and clocks and the measurement problem of quantum mechanics”. Foundations of Physics, 37 (2007): 1074-1092.Healey, R. “Dissipating the quantum measurement problem”. To p o i, 14 (1995): 55-65.Heisenberg, W. “Über den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischer Kinematic und Mechanik”. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43 (1927): 172-198. Versión inglesa: “The physical content of quantum kinematics and mecha-n i c s”. Quantum Theory and Measurement. Eds. J. A. Wheeler & W. H. Zurek. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.Joos, E. “Elements of environmental decoherence”. Decoherence: Theoretical, Experimental, and Conceptual Problems.Eds. P. Blanchard, D. Giulini, E.Joos, C. Kiefer & I.-O. Stamatescu. Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer, 2000. Lecture Notes in Physics 538.Kiefer, C. & Polarski, D. “Why do cosmological perturbations look classical to us?”. Advanced Science Letters, 2 (2009): 164-173.Leggett, A. J. “Reflections on the quantum measurement paradox”. Quantum Implications. Eds. B. J. Hiley & F. D. Peat. Londres: Routledge and Kegan P a u l , 19 8 7Lombardi, O. & Vanni, L. “Medición cuántica y decoherencia: ¿qué medimos cuando medimos?”. Scientiae Studia,8 (2010): 273-291Milburn, G. J. “Intrinsic decoherence in quantum mechanics”. Physical Review A, 44 (1991): 5401-5406.Paz, J. P. & Zurek, W. H. “Environment-induced decoherence and the transi-tion from quantum to classical”. Fundamentals of Quantum Information: Quantum Computation, Communication, Decoherence and All That. Ed. D. Heiss. Heidelberg-Berlin: Springer, 2002.Penrose, R. Shadows of the Mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.Pessoa Jr., O. “Can the decoherence approach help to solve the measurement problem? ”, Synthese, 113 (1998): 323-346.Schlosshauer, M. “Decoherence, the measurement problem, and interpre-tations of quantum mechanics”, Reviews of Modern Physics, 76 (2004): 1267-1305.—. Decoherence and the Quantum-to-Classical Transition. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.Sicardi, A. C., Abal, G., Siri, R., Romanelli, A. & Donangelo, R. “Intrinsic decoherence and irreversibility in a quasiperiodic kicked rotor”, arXiv:quant-ph/0308162, 2003.Von Neumann, J. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Trad. R. T. Beyer. Princeton: Princeton University Press, [1932] 1996.Zeh, D. “On the interpretation of measurement in quantum theory”, Founda-tions of Physics, 1 (1970): 69-76.Zurek, W. H. “Pointer basis of quantum apparatus: into what mixture does the wave packet collapse?”, Physical Review D, 24 (1981): 1516-1525.—. “Environment-induced superselection rules”, Physical Review D, 26 (1982): 1862-1880.—. “Decoherence and the transition from quantum to classical”, Physics Today, 44 (1991): 36-44.—. “Preferred sets of states, predictability, classicality and environment-induced decoherence”. Physical Origins of Time Asymmetry. Eds. J. J. Halliwell, J. Pérez-Mercader & W. H. Zurek, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.—. “Decoherence, einselection, and the quantum origins of the classical”. Reviews of Modern Physics, 75 (2003): 715-776.Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Acceso abiertohttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Decoherencia cuánticaDecoherencia inducida por el entornoSistema cerradoQuantum DecoherenceEnvironment-induced DecohereneClosed SystemHacia una mejor comprensión de la decoherencia desde una perspectiva generalTowards a better understanding of decoherence from a general perspectiveArtículo de revistahttps://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttps://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Revista Colombiana de Filosofía de la CienciaORIGINALRCFC2012.jpgRCFC2012.jpgimage/jpeg86293https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/1a546260-d035-4423-a5c1-6a84e8847968/downloade9b065f6e1c15e1a96349a2e8a7e3faaMD51trueAnonymousREADCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-81031https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/36e983ea-2380-449d-9115-e64189d31611/download934f4ca17e109e0a05eaeaba504d7ce4MD52falseAnonymousREADLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/d70948b8-7bf1-410f-a8e1-16df31c6631d/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53falseAnonymousREADTHUMBNAILRCFC2012.jpg.jpgRCFC2012.jpg.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3908https://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com/bitstreams/82ddf3aa-4baf-4457-b097-cb669b69e58a/downloada55fa16fee59f9055f8c3c34281d6827MD54falseAnonymousREAD20.500.12495/6285oai:pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.com:20.500.12495/62852021-11-05T03:03:06.540Zhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacionalopen.accesshttps://pruebas-update-repositorio-unbosque.cloudbiteca.comRepositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquebibliotecas@biteca.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