Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada

La ingeniería de tejidos ha revolucionado el uso de biomateriales naturales y sintéticos para diseñar productos que reparen o reemplacen órganos o tejidos, para esto, se debe asegurar que el biomaterial sea biocompatible e imite las propiedades fisicoquímicas y mecánicas específicas para el tejido q...

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Autores:
Henao Hurtado, Isabela
Tipo de recurso:
https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
Fecha de publicación:
2025
Institución:
Universidad El Bosque
Repositorio:
Repositorio U. El Bosque
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/14389
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/14389
Palabra clave:
Biomateriales
Ingeniería de tejidos
Macrófagos
Polarización
Inmunomodulación
Biocompatibilidad
615.19
Biomaterials
Tissue engineering
Macrophages
Polarization
Immunomodulation
Biocompatibility
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Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
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oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/14389
network_acronym_str UNBOSQUE2
network_name_str Repositorio U. El Bosque
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv Comparative study of in vitro and in vivo macrophage polarization induced by biomaterials of natural and synthetic origin and tissue engineering products. A systematized narrative review
title Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
spellingShingle Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
Biomateriales
Ingeniería de tejidos
Macrófagos
Polarización
Inmunomodulación
Biocompatibilidad
615.19
Biomaterials
Tissue engineering
Macrophages
Polarization
Immunomodulation
Biocompatibility
title_short Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
title_full Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
title_fullStr Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
title_full_unstemmed Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
title_sort Estudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. Una Revisión narrativa sistematizada
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Henao Hurtado, Isabela
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Millán Cortés, Diana Milena
Jiménez Cruz, Ronald Andrés
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Henao Hurtado, Isabela
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biomateriales
Ingeniería de tejidos
Macrófagos
Polarización
Inmunomodulación
Biocompatibilidad
topic Biomateriales
Ingeniería de tejidos
Macrófagos
Polarización
Inmunomodulación
Biocompatibilidad
615.19
Biomaterials
Tissue engineering
Macrophages
Polarization
Immunomodulation
Biocompatibility
dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv 615.19
dc.subject.keywords.none.fl_str_mv Biomaterials
Tissue engineering
Macrophages
Polarization
Immunomodulation
Biocompatibility
description La ingeniería de tejidos ha revolucionado el uso de biomateriales naturales y sintéticos para diseñar productos que reparen o reemplacen órganos o tejidos, para esto, se debe asegurar que el biomaterial sea biocompatible e imite las propiedades fisicoquímicas y mecánicas específicas para el tejido que se quiere reparar. Independientemente del tipo de biomaterial empleado para el diseño de productos de ingeniería de tejidos, estos están condicionados a la respuesta inmune del huésped generando una reacción a cuerpo extraño cuando son implantados. Estas respuestas dependen en gran parte de los macrófagos tisulares que polarizan hacia un perfil inflamatorio o antiinflamatorio. En este trabajo, se realizó una revisión narrativa sistematizada para comparar la diferencia en la polarización de macrófagos inducida por biomateriales naturales y sintéticos, y productos de ingeniería de tejidos diseñados con estos, y entender cómo las características de estos biomateriales inciden en su biocompatibilidad. Los artículos seleccionados demostraron que la composición de un producto de ingeniería de tejidos, propiedades fisicoquímicas (estructura, tamaño, porosidad, rugosidad, tasa de hinchamiento y degradación) y propiedades mecánicas (rigidez, resistencia a la tracción, resistencia a la compresión y viscoelasticidad) son los principales aspectos que determinan su funcionalidad; además, en algunos casos es requerida la funcionalización con cargas adicionales de componentes bioactivos (citoquinas, péptidos bioactivos, fármacos y nanopartículas) para potenciar la inmunomodulación y regeneración del tejido. Los resultados in vitro mostraron que principalmente en macrófagos Raw264.7, pudo lograrse una polarización eficiente al aumentar la expresión de genes como CD206, y liberación de señales como IL-10, Arg-1 y factores de crecimiento como TGF-β1/TGF-β3. Por otro lado, en los estudios in vivo predominó el estudio de defectos óseos, donde pudo evidenciarse que la polarización M2 de macrófagos favorecía la angiogénesis en las primeras semanas y la osteogénesis se alcanzaba generalmente un mes después de la implantación. A pesar de que se pudo comparar las diferencias entre biomateriales naturales y sintéticos, no podría determinarse cuál es mejor para lograr un mejor efecto inmunomodulador y reparador, ya que cada uno posee ventajas y desventajas que pueden complementarse al usar otro tipo de biomateriales y funcionalización con moléculas bioactivas.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05-19T16:52:24Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05-19T16:52:24Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.local.none.fl_str_mv Tesis/Trabajo de grado - Monografía - Pregrado
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.coarversion.none.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
format https://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/14389
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
dc.identifier.repourl.none.fl_str_mv repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/14389
identifier_str_mv Universidad El Bosque
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosque
repourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
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spelling Millán Cortés, Diana MilenaJiménez Cruz, Ronald AndrésHenao Hurtado, Isabela2025-05-19T16:52:24Z2025-05-19T16:52:24Z2025-05https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/14389Universidad El Bosquereponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad El Bosquerepourl:https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.coLa ingeniería de tejidos ha revolucionado el uso de biomateriales naturales y sintéticos para diseñar productos que reparen o reemplacen órganos o tejidos, para esto, se debe asegurar que el biomaterial sea biocompatible e imite las propiedades fisicoquímicas y mecánicas específicas para el tejido que se quiere reparar. Independientemente del tipo de biomaterial empleado para el diseño de productos de ingeniería de tejidos, estos están condicionados a la respuesta inmune del huésped generando una reacción a cuerpo extraño cuando son implantados. Estas respuestas dependen en gran parte de los macrófagos tisulares que polarizan hacia un perfil inflamatorio o antiinflamatorio. En este trabajo, se realizó una revisión narrativa sistematizada para comparar la diferencia en la polarización de macrófagos inducida por biomateriales naturales y sintéticos, y productos de ingeniería de tejidos diseñados con estos, y entender cómo las características de estos biomateriales inciden en su biocompatibilidad. Los artículos seleccionados demostraron que la composición de un producto de ingeniería de tejidos, propiedades fisicoquímicas (estructura, tamaño, porosidad, rugosidad, tasa de hinchamiento y degradación) y propiedades mecánicas (rigidez, resistencia a la tracción, resistencia a la compresión y viscoelasticidad) son los principales aspectos que determinan su funcionalidad; además, en algunos casos es requerida la funcionalización con cargas adicionales de componentes bioactivos (citoquinas, péptidos bioactivos, fármacos y nanopartículas) para potenciar la inmunomodulación y regeneración del tejido. Los resultados in vitro mostraron que principalmente en macrófagos Raw264.7, pudo lograrse una polarización eficiente al aumentar la expresión de genes como CD206, y liberación de señales como IL-10, Arg-1 y factores de crecimiento como TGF-β1/TGF-β3. Por otro lado, en los estudios in vivo predominó el estudio de defectos óseos, donde pudo evidenciarse que la polarización M2 de macrófagos favorecía la angiogénesis en las primeras semanas y la osteogénesis se alcanzaba generalmente un mes después de la implantación. A pesar de que se pudo comparar las diferencias entre biomateriales naturales y sintéticos, no podría determinarse cuál es mejor para lograr un mejor efecto inmunomodulador y reparador, ya que cada uno posee ventajas y desventajas que pueden complementarse al usar otro tipo de biomateriales y funcionalización con moléculas bioactivas.PregradoQuímico FarmacéuticoTissue engineering has revolutionized the use of natural and synthetic biomaterials to design products that repair or replace organs or tissues, for this, it must be ensured that the biomaterial is biocompatible and mimics the specific physicochemical and mechanical properties of the tissue to be repaired. Regardless of the type of biomaterial used for the design of tissue engineering products, they are conditioned to the immune response of the host, generating a foreign body reaction when implanted. These responses are largely dependent on tissue macrophages that polarize towards an inflammatory or anti-inflammatory profile. In this work, a systematized narrative review was conducted to compare the difference in macrophage polarization induced by natural and synthetic biomaterials and tissue engineering products designed with them, and to understand how the characteristics of these biomaterials impact their biocompatibility. The selected articles demonstrated that the composition of a tissue engineering product, physicochemical properties (structure, size, porosity, roughness, swelling and degradation rate) and mechanical properties (stiffness, tensile strength, compressive strength and viscoelasticity) are the main aspects that determine its functionality; furthermore, in some cases functionalization with additional loads of bioactive components (cytokines, bioactive peptides, drugs and nanoparticles) is required to enhance immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. In vitro results showed that mainly in Raw264.7 macrophages, efficient polarization could be achieved by increasing the expression of genes such as CD206, and release of signals such as IL-10, Arg-1 and growth factors such as TGF-β1/TGF-β3. On the other hand, in vivo studies were dominated by the study of bone defects, where it was evident that M2 polarization of macrophages favored angiogenesis in the first weeks and osteogenesis was generally achieved one month after implantation. Although it was possible to compare the differences between natural and synthetic biomaterials, it could not be determined which one is better to achieve a better immunomodulatory and reparative effect, since each one has advantages and disadvantages that can be complemented by using other types of biomaterials and functionalization with bioactive molecules.application/pdfAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/Acceso abiertohttps://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2BiomaterialesIngeniería de tejidosMacrófagosPolarizaciónInmunomodulaciónBiocompatibilidad615.19BiomaterialsTissue engineeringMacrophagesPolarizationImmunomodulationBiocompatibilityEstudio comparativo de la polarización de macrófagos in vitro e in vivo inducida por biomateriales de origen natural y sintético y productos de ingeniería de tejidos. 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