Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato

ilustraciones, fotografías, diagramas

Autores:: Ladino Fandiño, Wendy Andrea

Tipo de recurso:

Fecha de publicación:: 2023

Institución:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Repositorio:: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Idioma:: spa

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network_acronym_str	UNACIONAL2
network_name_str	Universidad Nacional de Colombia
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv	Physiological parameters, nutrient extraction curve and yield of three varieties of cannabis sativa L. cultivated in soil and substrate
title	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
spellingShingle	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato 570 - Biología::571 - Fisiología y temas relacionados 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::635 - Cultivos hortícolas (Horticultura) Fisiología vegetal Nutrición de las plantas Cannabis sativa plant physiology plant nutrition Cannabis sativa Cannabinoides Fisiología del cannabis Rendimiento flor seca Curva de extracción de nutrientes Fibra de coco Suelo Escala fenológica Soil Coconut fiber Cannabinoids Phenological scale Cannabis physiology Dry flower yield Nutrient extraction curve
title_short	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
title_full	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
title_fullStr	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
title_full_unstemmed	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
title_sort	Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato
dc.creator.fl_str_mv	Ladino Fandiño, Wendy Andrea
dc.contributor.advisor.spa.fl_str_mv	Moreno Fonseca, Liz Patricia
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv	Ladino Fandiño, Wendy Andrea
dc.contributor.orcid.spa.fl_str_mv	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-1052
dc.contributor.researchgate.spa.fl_str_mv	https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wendy-Ladino-2
dc.subject.ddc.spa.fl_str_mv	570 - Biología::571 - Fisiología y temas relacionados 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::635 - Cultivos hortícolas (Horticultura)
topic	570 - Biología::571 - Fisiología y temas relacionados 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::635 - Cultivos hortícolas (Horticultura) Fisiología vegetal Nutrición de las plantas Cannabis sativa plant physiology plant nutrition Cannabis sativa Cannabinoides Fisiología del cannabis Rendimiento flor seca Curva de extracción de nutrientes Fibra de coco Suelo Escala fenológica Soil Coconut fiber Cannabinoids Phenological scale Cannabis physiology Dry flower yield Nutrient extraction curve
dc.subject.agrovoc.spa.fl_str_mv	Fisiología vegetal Nutrición de las plantas Cannabis sativa
dc.subject.agrovoc.eng.fl_str_mv	plant physiology plant nutrition Cannabis sativa
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv	Cannabinoides Fisiología del cannabis Rendimiento flor seca Curva de extracción de nutrientes Fibra de coco Suelo Escala fenológica
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv	Soil Coconut fiber Cannabinoids Phenological scale Cannabis physiology Dry flower yield Nutrient extraction curve
description	ilustraciones, fotografías, diagramas
publishDate	2023
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv	2023-09-03
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv	2024-01-18T18:52:31Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv	2024-01-18T18:52:31Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Maestría
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv	Text
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv	http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM
status_str	acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85365
dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv	Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifier.repourl.spa.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
url	https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85365 https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv	Universidad Nacional de Colombia Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
dc.relation.indexed.spa.fl_str_mv	Agrosavia Agrovoc
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spelling	Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Moreno Fonseca, Liz Patricia07ee1081b544cf793515ad81a24c6bbaLadino Fandiño, Wendy Andrea5800878998b94fbd183dd51c2b9601de600https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-1052https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Wendy-Ladino-22024-01-18T18:52:31Z2024-01-18T18:52:31Z2023-09-03https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/85365Universidad Nacional de ColombiaRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombiahttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ilustraciones, fotografías, diagramasannabis sativa L. es en la actualidad, de las tres especies de Cannabis, la que ha despertado mayor interés por parte de investigadores y productores debido a sus múltiples usos, destacando entre todos el medicinal. En el año 2016, Colombia se convirtió en el cuarto país de América Latina en legalizar el Cannabis con fines medicinales y científicos, lo que ha promovido la constitución de nuevas empresas con el fin de obtener productos aprovechables de esta planta. Sin embargo, dado el historial ilegal de la especie, hay muy poca información con relación a su manejo agronómico bajo las condiciones de Colombia. Así entonces uno de los principales factores a determinar es el medio de establecimiento óptimo del cultivo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los parámetros fisiológicos, la curva de extracción de nutrientes y el rendimiento de tres variedades de Cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato. Para dar cumplimiento al objetivo, la experimentación se llevó a cabo en la finca El Candil, lote Guacachica, la Conejera, Bogotá, Colombia (4°47'02,6" N, 74°06'10,9" O). Se estableció un experimento con un diseño en bloques en parcelas divididas. Se sembraron tres variedades de Cannabis medicinal no psicoactivo (Souce Cauca, Higthcol y Calotoweed), las cuales cuentan con registro ICA y fueron proporcionadas por la compañía Medcolcanna, en condiciones de suelo (propio del invernadero, textura francoarcillosa) y sustrato (Sustracoco Germiplus®), para un total de seis tratamientos que correspondieron a la interacción entre las variedades y el medio de producción. Antes de la siembra se realizó un análisis de los parámetros fisicoquímicos del suelo y del sustrato. Se evaluaron la fenología y grados día para etapas fenológicas principales, parámetros relacionados con el rendimiento fotosintético de la planta, contenido nutricional completo en etapas clave, curvas de extracción de nutrientes foliar, componentes de rendimiento y rendimiento en términos de flor seca y potencia de dos cannabinoides principales. Como resultado se realizó un ajuste a la escala fenológica reportada para cáñamo, con el fin de obtener los estadios fenológicos principales y secundarios para Cannabis medicinal dioico femenino. Se obtuvieron en total cinco estadios fenológicos principales y basados en la codificación BBCH, nueve códigos individuales los cuales se adaptan perfectamente a las condiciones de suelo y sustrato. Con esta información se pudo determinar que las plantas de sustrato presentaron un ciclo significativamente más corto en días comparado con las plantas de suelo (p<0,01), lo que en consecuencia generó que en términos de grados día el resultado fuera similar. Así entonces, las plantas de sustrato acumularon menor cantidad de grados día (entre 1367 a 1487 aprox.) comparado con las de suelo (entre 1487 a 1641 aprox.). Se pudo determinar que el sustrato retiene mayor cantidad de iones nutricionales a lo largo del ciclo del cultivo comparado con el suelo. Respecto al contenido de macro y micronutrientes, fue posible establecer que el nitrógeno (N), en sustrato, redujo su contenido foliar hasta niveles inferiores al mínimo reportado (<3,20%). El potasio (K) también disminuyó hasta niveles cercanos al 2% y el fósforo (P) aumentó a niveles cercanos al 0,85%, generando una relación N:P y K:P más baja. El magnesio (Mg) estuvo por encima de los niveles máximos reportados (>0,61%) y el azufre (S) no presentó variaciones significativas en el tiempo, sin embargo, estuvo por debajo del límite mínimo reportado (<0,16%). En suelo el contenido de N, K y calcio (Ca) disminuyó a través del tiempo, pero nunca estuvo en condiciones deficitarias. Tanto en suelo como en sustrato el contenido de hierro (Fe), cobre (Cu), manganeso (Mn) y zinc (Zn) estuvo por encima de los máximos niveles reportados, pero con diferencias entre suelo y sustrato (p<0,05). Con las curvas de extracción foliar fue posible determinar que el orden de extracción de los macronutrientes en suelo y sustrato fue N>Ca>K>Mg>P>S. Para los micronutrientes la extracción foliar en suelo en el orden de extracción fue Fe>Na>Zn>B>Mn>Cu. Sin embargo, en sustrato no fue clara una tendencia del comportamiento de los micronutrientes, pues fue variable entre variedades. En las variables fisiológicas se encontró que, en sustrato, después de iniciada la etapa de floración hubo una reducción en la eficiencia cuántica potencial del PSII (0,6), la tasa de transporte de electrones (0,32) y el rendimiento cuántico fotoquímico (18). En suelo los valores para estas variables se mantuvieron cerca al óptimo reportado para Cannabis. En sustrato fue más baja la conductancia estomática (<500 mmol H2O m-2s) y más alta la temperatura foliar (28°C) respecto a lo obtenido en suelo. Para el contenido relativo de clorofilas, luego de los 50 días después del trasplante, en sustrato los valores fueron menores a 40 SPAD y en suelo por encima de 50 SPAD. El área foliar y la distribución de materia seca en los órganos de la parte aérea fue más baja en sustrato que en suelo con diferencias significativas entre ellos (p<0,001). Finalmente, respecto al rendimiento fue posible establecer que los componentes de rendimiento permiten predecir los resultados de rendimiento final. En general, estos componentes fueron significativamente más bajos en las plantas de sustrato que en las de suelo. El rendimiento en flor seca fue mucho más alto en las variedades Souce Cauca (247,83 g/planta) y Higthcol (173,65 g/planta) en suelo, pero presentaron menor porcentaje de cannabidiol (11,11% y 10,76%, respectivamente). En sustrato, tuvieron menor rendimiento de flor seca (122,30 g/planta para Souce Cauca y 114,44 g/planta para Higthcol) pero mayor contenido de cannabidiol (11,52% para Souce Cauca y 12,61% para Higthcol). Calotoweed en sustrato presentó el mayor rendimiento de flor seca (168,69 g/planta) y la mayor potencia o contenido de cannabidiol (10,08% de CBD). En términos de gramos de cannabidiol por planta las que obtuvieron el mayor rendimiento de flor seca, fueron las que presentaron el mayor rendimiento final de cannabinoides. El rendimiento en términos de producción de CBD anual fue más alto en Souce Cauca y Higthcol en suelo (86,71 y 61,46 g/planta/año, respectivamente), y Calotoweed en sustrato (55,93 g/planta al año). En este trabajo es posible mostrar el impacto del medio de cultivo en Cannabis sativa L. sobre las variables fisiológicas y nutricionales directamente implicadas en el rendimiento de las plantas y genera bases para la toma de decisiones sobre las condiciones de establecimiento de este cultivo bajo invernadero con propósitos investigativos o productivos. (Texto tomado de la fuente).Cannabis sativa L. is currently, of the three Cannabis species, the one that has aroused the greatest interest on the part of researchers and producers due to its multiple uses, highlighting among all the medicinal ones. In 2016, Colombia became the fourth country in Latin America to legalize Cannabis for medicinal and scientific purposes, which has promoted the establishment of new companies to obtain usable products from this plant. However, given the illegal history of the species, there is very little information regarding its agronomic management under Colombian conditions. Thus, one of the main factors to be determined is the optimum establishment medium for the crop. Therefore, the objective of the research was to determine the physiological parameters, the nutrient extraction curve and the yield of three varieties of Cannabis sativa L. grown in soil and substrate. The experimentation was carried out at El Candil farm, Guacachica lot, La Conejera, Bogotá, Colombia (4°47'02.6" N, 74°06'10.9" W). An experiment with a split-plot block design was established. Three varieties of non-psychoactive medicinal Cannabis (Souce Cauca, Highcol and Calotoweed) were planted, which have ICA registration and were provided by the Medcolcanna company, under soil conditions (typical of the greenhouse, clay loam texture) and substrate (Sustracoco Germiplus®), for a total of six treatments that corresponded to the interaction between the varieties and the production medium. Before sowing, an analysis of the physicochemical parameters of the soil and the substrate was carried out. The phenology and degree days for main phenological stages, parameters related to the photosynthetic performance of the plant, complete nutritional content in key stages, foliar nutrient extraction curves, yield and yield components in terms of dry flower and power of two major cannabinoids were evaluated. As a result, an adjustment was made to the phenological scale reported for hemp, in order to obtain the main and secondary phenological stages for female dioecious medicinal Cannabis. A total of five main phenological stages were obtained and based on the BBCH coding, nine individual codes which perfectly adapt to the soil and substrate conditions. With this information it was possible to determine that the substrate plants presented a significantly shorter cycle in days compared to the soil plants (p<0.01), which consequently generated that in terms of degree days the result was similar. Thus, the substrate plants accumulated fewer degree days (between 1367 and 1487 approx.) compared to the soil plants (between 1487 and 1641 approx.). It was possible to determine that the substrate retains a greater amount of nutritional ions throughout the crop cycle compared to the soil. Regarding the macro and micronutrient content, it was possible to establish that nitrogen (N) in the substrate reduced its foliar content to levels below the minimum reported (<3.20%). Potassium (K) also decreased to levels close to 2% and phosphorus (P) increased to levels close to 0.85%, generating a lower N:P and K:P ratio. Magnesium (Mg) was above the maximum reported levels (>0.61%) and sulfur (S) did not present significant variations over time, however, it was below the minimum reported limit (<0.16%). In soil, the content of N, K and calcium (Ca) decreased over time, but it was never in deficient conditions. Both in the soil and in the substrate, the content of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) was above the maximum levels reported, but with differences between soil and substrate (p<0.05). With the foliar extraction curves it was possible to determine that the order of extraction of macronutrients in soil and substrate was N>Ca>K>Mg>P>S. For micronutrients, foliar extraction in the soil in the order of extraction was Fe>Na>Zn>B>Mn>Cu. However, in the substrate, a trend in the behavior of micronutrients was not clear, since it was variable between varieties. The physiological variables, it was found that, in the substrate, after the flowering stage began, there was a reduction in the potential quantum efficiency of PSII (0.6), the electron transport rate (0.32) and the photochemical quantum yield. (18). In soil, the values for these variables remained close to the optimum reported for Cannabis. In substrate, stomatal conductance was lower (<500 mmol H2O m-2s) and leaf temperature was higher (28°C) compared to obtained in soil. For the relative content of chlorophylls, after 50 days after the transplant, in the substrate the values were less than 40 SPAD and in soil above 50 SPAD. The leaf area and the distribution of dry matter in the organs of the aerial part were lower in substrate than in soil, with significant differences between them (p<0.001). Finally, regarding performance, it was possible to establish that the performance components allow predicting the final performance results. In general, these components were significantly lower in substrate plants than in soil plants. The dry flower yield was much higher in Souce Cauca (247.83 g/plant) and Highcol (173.65 g/plant) varieties in soil, but they presented a lower percentage of cannabidiol (11.11% and 10.76 %, respectively). In substrate, it had a lower dry flower yield (122.30 g/plant for Souce Cauca and 114.44 g/plant for Highcol) but higher cannabidiol content (11.52% for Souce Cauca and 12.61% for Highcol). Calotoweed in substrate presented the highest dry flower yield (168.69 g/plant) and the highest potency or cannabidiol content (10.08% CBD). In terms of grams of cannabidiol per plant, those that obtained the highest dry flower yield were the ones that presented the highest final yield of cannabinoids. The yield in terms of annual CBD production was higher in Souce Cauca and Highcol in soil (86.71 and 61.46 g/plant/year, respectively), and Calotoweed in substrate (55.93 g/plant per year). In this work it is possible to show the impact of the culture medium in Cannabis sativa L. on the physiological and nutritional variables directly involved in the performance of the plants and generates bases for decision making on the conditions of establishment of this crop under greenhouse with research or production purposes.Medcolcanna (MCCN) is a Canadian vertically integrated cannabis company with fully licensed operations based in Colombia, approximately 30 minutes from the capital Bogotá. As an organization, they believe in the healing power of cannabis and are driven to connect people with accessible products that evolved from traditional preparations into scientifically studied formulas to impart consistency of delivery and effect to consumers. The firm provides an outstanding opportunity of return on investment. The global outlook of the experienced management team and board of directors means that the company is leveraging the low cost structure available in Colombia and developing its footprint in high value markets. MCCN has moved quicker than any of its competitors in its short history to become a global leader in innovative cannabis product exports to the world.MaestríaMagíster en Ciencias AgrariasLa experimentación se llevó a cabo en la finca El Candil, lote Guacachica, la Conejera, Bogotá, Colombia (4°47'02,6" N, 74°06'10,9" O). Se estableció un experimento con un diseño en bloques en parcelas divididas. Se sembraron tres variedades de Cannabis medicinal no psicoactivo (Souce Cauca, Higthcol y Calotoweed), las cuales cuentan con registro ICA y fueron proporcionadas por la compañía Medcolcanna, en condiciones de suelo (propio del invernadero, textura francoarcillosa) y sustrato (Sustracoco Germiplus®), para un total de seis tratamientos que correspondieron a la interacción entre las variedades y el medio de producción. Antes de la siembra se realizó un análisis de los parámetros fisicoquímicos del suelo y del sustrato. Se evaluaron la fenología y grados día para etapas fenológicas principales, parámetros relacionados con el rendimiento fotosintético de la planta, contenido nutricional completo en etapas clave, curvas de extracción de nutrientes foliar, componentes de rendimiento y rendimiento en términos de flor seca y potencia de dos cannabinoides principales.Fisiología de cultivosxix, 148 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias AgrariasFacultad de Ciencias AgrariasBogotá, ColombiaUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá570 - Biología::571 - Fisiología y temas relacionados630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::635 - Cultivos hortícolas (Horticultura)Fisiología vegetalNutrición de las plantasCannabis sativaplant physiologyplant nutritionCannabis sativaCannabinoidesFisiología del cannabisRendimiento flor secaCurva de extracción de nutrientesFibra de cocoSueloEscala fenológicaSoilCoconut fiberCannabinoidsPhenological scaleCannabis physiologyDry flower yieldNutrient extraction curveParámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustratoPhysiological parameters, nutrient extraction curve and yield of three varieties of cannabis sativa L. cultivated in soil and substrateTrabajo de grado - Maestríainfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionTexthttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMAgrosaviaAgrovocAbad, M., Fornes, F., Carrión, C., Noguera, V., Noguera, P., Maquieira, Á., y Puchades, R. 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Acta Hortic. 1273, 1–8. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1273.1.Medcolcanna S.A.S.EstudiantesInvestigadoresMaestrosPúblico generalLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-85879https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/85365/1/license.txteb34b1cf90b7e1103fc9dfd26be24b4aMD51ORIGINAL1024544174.2023.pdf1024544174.2023.pdfTesis de Maestría en Ciencias Agrariasapplication/pdf4185963https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/85365/2/1024544174.2023.pdf432e8581936a60217503c197286b02b2MD52THUMBNAIL1024544174.2023.pdf.jpg1024544174.2023.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg6516https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/bitstream/unal/85365/3/1024544174.2023.pdf.jpgbfeee10c503e29727d1e4ac5efb56359MD53unal/85365oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/853652024-01-19 10:09:01.51Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de 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Parámetros fisiológicos, curva de extracción de nutrientes y rendimiento de tres variedades de cannabis sativa L. cultivadas en suelo y sustrato

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