The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods
The objective of the present work is to characterize the aroma of “Cerrado” cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) and cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) pulps. For this, we used headspace (HS) and two extraction methods (solid-phase extraction, SPE and solid-phase microextraction, SPME), as well as gas ch...
- Autores:
-
Zapata Ochoa, Julián Andrés
Dereix Restrepo, Juan David
Escobar Arredondo, Jhonathan
Horrana Santos, Nathalia
Guimarães Silva, Fabiano
Buranelo Egea, Mariana
Borges de Almeida, Adrielle
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2022
- Institución:
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio UdeA
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/46204
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/10495/46204
- Palabra clave:
- Volatile organic compounds
Compuestos orgánicos volátiles
Plant Extracts
Extractos Vegetales
Anacardium
Fod analysis
Análisis de alimentos
Fruit pulps
Fruta de pulpa
Anacardium othonianum Rizz
Eugenia dysenteric
Native fruits
Cerrado biome
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1d791cf0
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3126
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000972
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010936
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D031021
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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| dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| title |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| spellingShingle |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods Volatile organic compounds Compuestos orgánicos volátiles Plant Extracts Extractos Vegetales Anacardium Fod analysis Análisis de alimentos Fruit pulps Fruta de pulpa Anacardium othonianum Rizz Eugenia dysenteric Native fruits Cerrado biome http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1d791cf0 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3126 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000972 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010936 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D031021 |
| title_short |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| title_full |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| title_fullStr |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| title_sort |
The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction Methods |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Zapata Ochoa, Julián Andrés Dereix Restrepo, Juan David Escobar Arredondo, Jhonathan Horrana Santos, Nathalia Guimarães Silva, Fabiano Buranelo Egea, Mariana Borges de Almeida, Adrielle |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Zapata Ochoa, Julián Andrés Dereix Restrepo, Juan David Escobar Arredondo, Jhonathan Horrana Santos, Nathalia Guimarães Silva, Fabiano Buranelo Egea, Mariana Borges de Almeida, Adrielle |
| dc.contributor.researchgroup.none.fl_str_mv |
Análisis de Residuos |
| dc.subject.lcsh.none.fl_str_mv |
Volatile organic compounds Compuestos orgánicos volátiles |
| topic |
Volatile organic compounds Compuestos orgánicos volátiles Plant Extracts Extractos Vegetales Anacardium Fod analysis Análisis de alimentos Fruit pulps Fruta de pulpa Anacardium othonianum Rizz Eugenia dysenteric Native fruits Cerrado biome http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1d791cf0 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3126 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000972 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010936 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D031021 |
| dc.subject.mesh.none.fl_str_mv |
Plant Extracts Extractos Vegetales |
| dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv |
Anacardium |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv |
Fod analysis Análisis de alimentos Fruit pulps Fruta de pulpa |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Anacardium othonianum Rizz Eugenia dysenteric Native fruits Cerrado biome |
| dc.subject.agrovocuri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1d791cf0 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3126 |
| dc.subject.lcshuri.none.fl_str_mv |
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000972 |
| dc.subject.meshuri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010936 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D031021 |
| description |
The objective of the present work is to characterize the aroma of “Cerrado” cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) and cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) pulps. For this, we used headspace (HS) and two extraction methods (solid-phase extraction, SPE and solid-phase microextraction, SPME), as well as gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification of aroma compounds. While SPME was more efficient and extracted 17 and 21 compounds for “Cerrado” cashew and cagaita pulps, respectively, the SPE method extracted 13 compounds for both pulps. SPME showed higher modified frequency (MF), that is, compounds perceived with higher intensity and by number of judges during olfactometry. On the other hand, the results obtained in this work showed that the extraction techniques seem complementary, since some compounds were not identified by SPE, but were identified by SPME, and vice versa. |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-06-02T00:32:50Z |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de investigación |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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Text |
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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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publishedVersion |
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Santos, N. H., Zapata, J., Dereix, J. D., Escobar, J., de Almeida, A. B., Silva, F. G., & Egea, M. B. (2022). The active aroma of “Cerrado” cashew and cagaita fruits: Comparison between two extraction methods. Applied Sciences, 12(7), 3330. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073330 |
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2076-3417 |
| dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/10495/46204 |
| dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3390/app12073330 |
| dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv |
2076-3417 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Santos, N. H., Zapata, J., Dereix, J. D., Escobar, J., de Almeida, A. B., Silva, F. G., & Egea, M. B. (2022). The active aroma of “Cerrado” cashew and cagaita fruits: Comparison between two extraction methods. Applied Sciences, 12(7), 3330. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073330 2076-3417 10.3390/app12073330 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10495/46204 |
| dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournalabbrev.none.fl_str_mv |
Appl. Sci. |
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10 |
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7 |
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1 |
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12 |
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Applied Sciences Basel |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution 4.0 International |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Attribution 4.0 International http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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openAccess |
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10 páginas |
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application/pdf |
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El Cerrado, Brasil |
| dc.coverage.temporal.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
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Lat: 10 00 00 S degrees minutes Lat: -10.0000 decimal degrees Long: 055 00 00 W degrees minutes Long: -55.0000 decimal degrees Lat: 17 09 03 S degrees minutes Lat: -17.1508 decimal degrees Long: 048 09 35 W degrees minutes Long: -48.1596 decimal degrees |
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Brasil |
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MDPI |
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Basilea, Suiza |
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MDPI |
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Zapata Ochoa, Julián AndrésDereix Restrepo, Juan DavidEscobar Arredondo, JhonathanHorrana Santos, NathaliaGuimarães Silva, FabianoBuranelo Egea, MarianaBorges de Almeida, AdrielleAnálisis de ResiduosEl Cerrado, Brasil2022Lat: 10 00 00 S degrees minutes Lat: -10.0000 decimal degrees Long: 055 00 00 W degrees minutes Long: -55.0000 decimal degreesLat: 17 09 03 S degrees minutes Lat: -17.1508 decimal degrees Long: 048 09 35 W degrees minutes Long: -48.1596 decimal degreeshttp://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/1000047http://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/8959711Montes ClarosBrasil2025-06-02T00:32:50Z2022Santos, N. H., Zapata, J., Dereix, J. D., Escobar, J., de Almeida, A. B., Silva, F. G., & Egea, M. B. (2022). The active aroma of “Cerrado” cashew and cagaita fruits: Comparison between two extraction methods. Applied Sciences, 12(7), 3330. https://doi.org/10.3390/app120733302076-3417https://hdl.handle.net/10495/4620410.3390/app120733302076-3417The objective of the present work is to characterize the aroma of “Cerrado” cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) and cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) pulps. For this, we used headspace (HS) and two extraction methods (solid-phase extraction, SPE and solid-phase microextraction, SPME), as well as gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification of aroma compounds. While SPME was more efficient and extracted 17 and 21 compounds for “Cerrado” cashew and cagaita pulps, respectively, the SPE method extracted 13 compounds for both pulps. SPME showed higher modified frequency (MF), that is, compounds perceived with higher intensity and by number of judges during olfactometry. On the other hand, the results obtained in this work showed that the extraction techniques seem complementary, since some compounds were not identified by SPE, but were identified by SPME, and vice versa.Brasil. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoBrasil. Instituto Federal GoianoBrasil. Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorQuímica de AromaCOL000046110 páginasapplication/pdfengMDPIBasilea, Suizahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3330Volatile organic compoundsCompuestos orgánicos volátilesPlant ExtractsExtractos VegetalesAnacardiumFod analysisAnálisis de alimentosFruit pulpsFruta de pulpaAnacardium othonianum RizzEugenia dysentericNative fruitsCerrado biomehttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1d791cf0http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3126http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93000972https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D010936https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D031021The Active Aroma of "Cerrado" Cashew and Cagaita Fruits: Comparison between Two Extraction MethodsArtículo de investigaciónhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTTexthttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionAppl. 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