Mucosal Arenavirus Infection of Primates Can Protect Them From Lethal Hemorrhagic Fever

ABSTRACT: Arenaviruses are transmitted from rodents to human beings by blood or mucosal exposure. The most devastating arenavirus in terms of human disease is Lassa fever virus, causing up to 300,000 annual infections in West Africa. We used a model for Lassa fever in which Rhesus macaques were infected with a related virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Our goals were to determine the outcome of infection after mucosal inoculation and later lethal challenge, to characterize protective immune responses, and to test cross-protection between a virulent (LCMV-WE) and an avirulent (LCMV-ARM) strain of virus. Although intravenous infections in the monkey model were uniformly lethal, intragastric infections recapitulated the spectrum of clinical outcomes seen in human exposure to Lassa fever virus: death, recovery from disease, and most often, subclinical infection. Plaque neutralization, ELISA, lymphocyte proliferation, and chromium-release assays were used to monitor humoral and cellular immune responses. Cross protection between the two strains was observed. The three out of seven monkeys that experienced protection were also the three with the strongest cell-mediated immunity.

• Autores: Rodas González, Juan David; Zapata Jiménez, Juan Carlos; Lukashevich, Igor S; Cairo, Cristiana; Tikhonov, Ilia; Djavani, Mahmoud; Pauza, C. David; Salvato, Maria S
• Tipo de recurso: Article of investigation
• Fecha de publicación: 2004
• Institución: Universidad de Antioquia
• Repositorio: Repositorio UdeA
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/37486
• Acceso en línea: https://hdl.handle.net/10495/37486
• Palabra clave: Enfermedades por arenavirus; Arenavirus diseases; Fiebre hemorrágica; Hemorrhagic fever; Anticuerpos Antivirales; Antibodies, Viral; Infecciones por Arenaviridae; Arenaviridae Infections; Mucosa Gástrica - virología; Gastric Mucosa - virology; Virus de la Coriomeningitis Linfocítica; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; Macaca mulatta; ARN Viral - análisis; RNA, Viral - analysis; Primates; Inmunidad; Immunity; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6181; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3802; http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh86003817; http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85060231; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000914; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D001117; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005753; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D008217; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D008253; https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D012367
• Rights: openAccess
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/