Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico

El compostaje de residuos florícolas representa una estrategia clave para la gestión sostenible en la floricultura intensiva. Este estudio evaluó los efectos individuales y combinados de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo en Flores El Capir...

Full description

Autores:
García Betancur, Pablo Fernando
Tipo de recurso:
Trabajo de grado de pregrado
Fecha de publicación:
2025
Institución:
Universidad de Antioquia
Repositorio:
Repositorio UdeA
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/47212
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10495/47212
Palabra clave:
Administración de Residuos
Waste Management
Abono orgánico
Farm manure
Rocas fosfatadas
Phosphate rock
Residuos agrícolas
Agricultural wastes
Compost
Control biológico
biological control
Enmienda mineral
inorganic amendments
Floricultura
floriculture
Materia orgánica
organic matter
Enmienda del suelo
soil amendments
Manejo de residuos
Biocontrol
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_918
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27871
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16488
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7159
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018505
ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
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openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
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dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
dc.title.translated.none.fl_str_mv Effects of Trichoderma Asperellum and Rock Phosphate on the Quality of Chrysanthemum Waste Compost: a Microbiological, Nutritional and Phytotoxic Analysis
title Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
spellingShingle Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
Administración de Residuos
Waste Management
Abono orgánico
Farm manure
Rocas fosfatadas
Phosphate rock
Residuos agrícolas
Agricultural wastes
Compost
Control biológico
biological control
Enmienda mineral
inorganic amendments
Floricultura
floriculture
Materia orgánica
organic matter
Enmienda del suelo
soil amendments
Manejo de residuos
Biocontrol
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_918
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27871
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16488
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7159
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018505
ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
title_short Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
title_full Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
title_fullStr Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
title_full_unstemmed Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
title_sort Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxico
dc.creator.fl_str_mv García Betancur, Pablo Fernando
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Cardona Bustos, Nadya Lorena
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv García Betancur, Pablo Fernando
dc.contributor.researchgroup.none.fl_str_mv FITOBIOL
dc.contributor.jury.none.fl_str_mv Pérez, Juan Esteban
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv Administración de Residuos
Waste Management
topic Administración de Residuos
Waste Management
Abono orgánico
Farm manure
Rocas fosfatadas
Phosphate rock
Residuos agrícolas
Agricultural wastes
Compost
Control biológico
biological control
Enmienda mineral
inorganic amendments
Floricultura
floriculture
Materia orgánica
organic matter
Enmienda del suelo
soil amendments
Manejo de residuos
Biocontrol
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_918
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27871
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16488
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7159
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018505
ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv Abono orgánico
Farm manure
Rocas fosfatadas
Phosphate rock
Residuos agrícolas
Agricultural wastes
Compost
dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv Control biológico
biological control
Enmienda mineral
inorganic amendments
Floricultura
floriculture
Materia orgánica
organic matter
Enmienda del suelo
soil amendments
dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv Manejo de residuos
Biocontrol
dc.subject.agrovocuri.none.fl_str_mv http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_918
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27871
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16488
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7159
dc.subject.meshuri.none.fl_str_mv https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018505
dc.subject.ods.none.fl_str_mv ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. Construir infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible y fomentar la innovación
description El compostaje de residuos florícolas representa una estrategia clave para la gestión sostenible en la floricultura intensiva. Este estudio evaluó los efectos individuales y combinados de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo en Flores El Capiro S.A., Antioquia, Colombia. Se estableció un diseño factorial con cuatro tratamientos: T0 (control), T1 (T. asperellum), T2 (roca fosfórica 3%), y T3 (combinación), con tres bloques temporales durante 90 días. La inoculación con T. asperellum (10⁵-10⁶ UFC/g) reestructuró significativamente la comunidad fúngica cultivable, suprimiendo completamente fitopatógenos como Fusarium spp., sin afectar las propiedades nutricionales. La roca fosfórica incrementó el fósforo disponible, pero indujo una reducción del 40-50% en materia orgánica y disminuciones proporcionales en bases intercambiables, efecto posiblemente intensificado por las condiciones operativas locales (incorporación de suelo, ausencia de trituración), comprometiendo el potencial de liberación gradual de nutrientes. Los análisis multivariados revelaron que ambos aditivos operan independientemente: la roca fosfórica explicó el 38.7% de la variación nutricional, mientras T. asperellum explicó el 32.2% de la variación microbiana. Todos los tratamientos produjeron compost libre de fitotoxicidad (IG>80%). Se recomienda la inoculación con T. asperellum como estrategia óptima por mantener las propiedades nutricionales mientras confiere capacidad supresiva. El estudio demuestra que la optimización del compostaje mediante aditivos requiere considerar trade-offs entre beneficios inmediatos y efectos a largo plazo.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08-28T13:36:29Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
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url https://hdl.handle.net/10495/47212
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spelling Cardona Bustos, Nadya LorenaGarcía Betancur, Pablo FernandoFITOBIOLPérez, Juan Esteban2025-08-28T13:36:29Z2025https://hdl.handle.net/10495/47212El compostaje de residuos florícolas representa una estrategia clave para la gestión sostenible en la floricultura intensiva. Este estudio evaluó los efectos individuales y combinados de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo en Flores El Capiro S.A., Antioquia, Colombia. Se estableció un diseño factorial con cuatro tratamientos: T0 (control), T1 (T. asperellum), T2 (roca fosfórica 3%), y T3 (combinación), con tres bloques temporales durante 90 días. La inoculación con T. asperellum (10⁵-10⁶ UFC/g) reestructuró significativamente la comunidad fúngica cultivable, suprimiendo completamente fitopatógenos como Fusarium spp., sin afectar las propiedades nutricionales. La roca fosfórica incrementó el fósforo disponible, pero indujo una reducción del 40-50% en materia orgánica y disminuciones proporcionales en bases intercambiables, efecto posiblemente intensificado por las condiciones operativas locales (incorporación de suelo, ausencia de trituración), comprometiendo el potencial de liberación gradual de nutrientes. Los análisis multivariados revelaron que ambos aditivos operan independientemente: la roca fosfórica explicó el 38.7% de la variación nutricional, mientras T. asperellum explicó el 32.2% de la variación microbiana. Todos los tratamientos produjeron compost libre de fitotoxicidad (IG>80%). Se recomienda la inoculación con T. asperellum como estrategia óptima por mantener las propiedades nutricionales mientras confiere capacidad supresiva. El estudio demuestra que la optimización del compostaje mediante aditivos requiere considerar trade-offs entre beneficios inmediatos y efectos a largo plazo.Composting of floricultural waste represents a key strategy for sustainable management in intensive floriculture. This study evaluated the individual and combined effects of Trichoderma asperellum and rock phosphate on the quality of chrysanthemum waste compost at Flores El Capiro S.A., Antioquia, Colombia. A factorial design was established with four treatments: T0 (control), T1 (T. asperellum), T2 (3% rock phosphate), and T3 (combination), with three temporal blocks over 90 days. Inoculation with T. asperellum (10⁵-10⁶ CFU/g) significantly restructured the culturable fungal community, completely suppressing phytopathogens such as Fusarium spp., without affecting nutritional properties. Rock phosphate increased available phosphorus but induced a 40-50% reduction in organic matter and proportional decreases in exchangeable bases, an effect possibly intensified by local operating conditions (soil incorporation, absence of shredding), compromising the potential for gradual nutrient release. Multivariate analyses revealed that both additives operate independently: rock phosphate explained 38.7% of nutritional variation, while T. asperellum explained 32.2% of microbial variation. All treatments produced phytotoxicity-free compost (GI>80%). Inoculation with T. asperellum is recommended as the optimal strategy for maintaining nutritional properties while conferring suppressive capacity. The study demonstrates that compost optimization through additives requires considering trade-offs between immediate benefits and long-term effects.BiotecnologíaCOL0177059PregradoBiólogo74 páginasapplication/pdfspaUniversidad de AntioquiaBiologíaMedellín, ColombiaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesCampus Medellín - Ciudad Universitariahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Internationalhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Efectos de Trichoderma asperellum y roca fosfórica sobre la calidad del compost de residuos de crisantemo: un análisis microbiológico, nutricional y fitotóxicoEffects of Trichoderma Asperellum and Rock Phosphate on the Quality of Chrysanthemum Waste Compost: a Microbiological, Nutritional and Phytotoxic AnalysisTrabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TPTexthttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_b1a7d7d4d402bcceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/draftAzim, K., Soudi, B., Boukhari, S., Perissol, C., Roussos, S., & Alami, I. 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Science of The Total Environment, 891, 164608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164608Zhu, Q., Liu, W., Song, L., Guo, Z., Bian, Z., Han, Y., Cai, H., Yang, P., & Meng, K. (2025). The potential of Trichoderma asperellum for degrading wheat straw and its key genes in lignocellulose degradation. Frontiers in Microbiology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1550495Administración de ResiduosWaste ManagementAbono orgánicoFarm manureRocas fosfatadasPhosphate rockResiduos agrícolasAgricultural wastesCompostControl biológicobiological controlEnmienda mineralinorganic amendmentsFloriculturafloricultureMateria orgánicaorganic matterEnmienda del suelosoil amendmentsManejo de residuosBiocontrolhttp://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_918http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27871http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16488http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5387http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7159https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018505ODS 9: Industria, innovación e infraestructura. 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