CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments

ABSTRACT: If we are to find treatments to postpone, reduce the risk of, or completely prevent the clinical onset of Alzheimer disease (AD), we need faster methods to evaluate promising preclinical AD treatments, new ways to work together in support of common goals, and a determination to expedite th...

Full description

Autores:
Lopera Restrepo, Francisco Javier
Langbaum, Jessica B.
Tariot, Pierre N.
Reiman, Eric M.
Bateman, Randall J.
Morris, John C.
Sperling, Reisa A.
Aisen, Paul S.
Roses, Allen D.
Welsh Bohmer, Kathleen A.
Carrillo, Maria C.
Weninger, Stacie
Tipo de recurso:
Review article
Fecha de publicación:
2016
Institución:
Universidad de Antioquia
Repositorio:
Repositorio UdeA
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/39580
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10495/39580
Palabra clave:
Anciano de 80 o más Años
Aged, 80 and over
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Alzheimer Disease
Farmacoterapia
Drug Therapy
Diagnóstico
Diagnosis
Genética
Genetics
Disfunción Cognitiva
Cognitive Dysfunction
Conducta Cooperativa
Cooperative Behavior
Progresión de la Enfermedad
Disease Progression
Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Diagnóstico Precoz
Early Diagnosis
Adhesión a Directriz
Guideline Adherence
Comunicación Interdisciplinaria
Interdisciplinary Communication
Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
Neuropsychological Tests
Nootrópicos
Nootropic Agents
Síntomas Prodrómicos
Prodromal Symptoms
Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Resultado del Tratamiento
Treatment Outcome
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000369
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000544
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004358
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003933
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005823
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D060825
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003299
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018450
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004353
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D042241
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D019983
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D033183
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009483
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018697
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D062706
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016032
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016896
Rights
openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
id UDEA2_19cdbe5422bc860ac8bd0e6cee49ce68
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/39580
network_acronym_str UDEA2
network_name_str Repositorio UdeA
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
title CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
spellingShingle CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
Anciano de 80 o más Años
Aged, 80 and over
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Alzheimer Disease
Farmacoterapia
Drug Therapy
Diagnóstico
Diagnosis
Genética
Genetics
Disfunción Cognitiva
Cognitive Dysfunction
Conducta Cooperativa
Cooperative Behavior
Progresión de la Enfermedad
Disease Progression
Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Diagnóstico Precoz
Early Diagnosis
Adhesión a Directriz
Guideline Adherence
Comunicación Interdisciplinaria
Interdisciplinary Communication
Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
Neuropsychological Tests
Nootrópicos
Nootropic Agents
Síntomas Prodrómicos
Prodromal Symptoms
Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Resultado del Tratamiento
Treatment Outcome
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000369
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000544
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004358
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003933
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005823
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D060825
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003299
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018450
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004353
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D042241
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D019983
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D033183
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009483
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018697
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D062706
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016032
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016896
title_short CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
title_full CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
title_fullStr CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
title_full_unstemmed CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
title_sort CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatments
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Lopera Restrepo, Francisco Javier
Langbaum, Jessica B.
Tariot, Pierre N.
Reiman, Eric M.
Bateman, Randall J.
Morris, John C.
Sperling, Reisa A.
Aisen, Paul S.
Roses, Allen D.
Welsh Bohmer, Kathleen A.
Carrillo, Maria C.
Weninger, Stacie
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Lopera Restrepo, Francisco Javier
Langbaum, Jessica B.
Tariot, Pierre N.
Reiman, Eric M.
Bateman, Randall J.
Morris, John C.
Sperling, Reisa A.
Aisen, Paul S.
Roses, Allen D.
Welsh Bohmer, Kathleen A.
Carrillo, Maria C.
Weninger, Stacie
dc.contributor.researchgroup.spa.fl_str_mv Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia
dc.subject.decs.none.fl_str_mv Anciano de 80 o más Años
Aged, 80 and over
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Alzheimer Disease
Farmacoterapia
Drug Therapy
Diagnóstico
Diagnosis
Genética
Genetics
Disfunción Cognitiva
Cognitive Dysfunction
Conducta Cooperativa
Cooperative Behavior
Progresión de la Enfermedad
Disease Progression
Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Diagnóstico Precoz
Early Diagnosis
Adhesión a Directriz
Guideline Adherence
Comunicación Interdisciplinaria
Interdisciplinary Communication
Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
Neuropsychological Tests
Nootrópicos
Nootropic Agents
Síntomas Prodrómicos
Prodromal Symptoms
Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Resultado del Tratamiento
Treatment Outcome
topic Anciano de 80 o más Años
Aged, 80 and over
Enfermedad de Alzheimer
Alzheimer Disease
Farmacoterapia
Drug Therapy
Diagnóstico
Diagnosis
Genética
Genetics
Disfunción Cognitiva
Cognitive Dysfunction
Conducta Cooperativa
Cooperative Behavior
Progresión de la Enfermedad
Disease Progression
Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
Diagnóstico Precoz
Early Diagnosis
Adhesión a Directriz
Guideline Adherence
Comunicación Interdisciplinaria
Interdisciplinary Communication
Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
Neuropsychological Tests
Nootrópicos
Nootropic Agents
Síntomas Prodrómicos
Prodromal Symptoms
Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Resultado del Tratamiento
Treatment Outcome
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000369
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000544
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004358
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003933
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005823
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D060825
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003299
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018450
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004353
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D042241
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D019983
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D033183
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009483
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018697
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D062706
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016032
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016896
dc.subject.meshuri.none.fl_str_mv https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000369
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000544
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004358
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003933
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005823
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D060825
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003299
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018450
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004353
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D042241
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D019983
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D033183
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009483
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018697
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D062706
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016032
https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016896
description ABSTRACT: If we are to find treatments to postpone, reduce the risk of, or completely prevent the clinical onset of Alzheimer disease (AD), we need faster methods to evaluate promising preclinical AD treatments, new ways to work together in support of common goals, and a determination to expedite the initiation and performance of preclinical AD trials. In this article, we note some of the current challenges, opportunities and emerging strategies in preclinical AD treatment. We describe the Collaboration for Alzheimer's Prevention (CAP)-a convening, harmonizing and consensus-building initiative to help stakeholders advance AD prevention research with rigour, care and maximal impact-and we demonstrate the impact of CAP on the goals and design of new preclinical AD trials.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-06-03T12:58:52Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-06-03T12:58:52Z
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revisión
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bc
dc.type.redcol.spa.fl_str_mv https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTREV
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bc
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1759-4758
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10495/39580
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.177
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 1759-4766
identifier_str_mv 1759-4758
10.1038/nrneurol.2015.177
1759-4766
url https://hdl.handle.net/10495/39580
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.ispartofjournalabbrev.spa.fl_str_mv Nat. Rev. Neurol.
dc.relation.citationendpage.spa.fl_str_mv 14
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.citationstartpage.spa.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv 12
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Nature Reviews Neurology
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.spa.fl_str_mv 14 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Nature Research
dc.publisher.place.spa.fl_str_mv Londres, Inglaterra
institution Universidad de Antioquia
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/d3fc3098-86c7-4ff0-8e1b-258f4ed7d735/download
https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/19e37245-a5f9-4a5e-bdfc-b3d9fda03940/download
https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/15e63ef1-23e1-4b22-a212-67a11d42c882/download
https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/3e467c98-ff2c-4725-ab68-7a66d76f28da/download
https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/fb94d1ab-cf76-4086-8325-5e510ce8d695/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 525fd1882a195dcac057c15bacc182db
b88b088d9957e670ce3b3fbe2eedbc13
8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33
fba18a65c0e8d7eba322729a78c85240
846d753ce05b21c4e407f05ef77ba5b8
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Antioquia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv aplicacionbibliotecadigitalbiblioteca@udea.edu.co
_version_ 1851052384301613056
spelling Lopera Restrepo, Francisco JavierLangbaum, Jessica B.Tariot, Pierre N.Reiman, Eric M.Bateman, Randall J.Morris, John C.Sperling, Reisa A.Aisen, Paul S.Roses, Allen D.Welsh Bohmer, Kathleen A.Carrillo, Maria C.Weninger, StacieGrupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia2024-06-03T12:58:52Z2024-06-03T12:58:52Z20161759-4758https://hdl.handle.net/10495/3958010.1038/nrneurol.2015.1771759-4766ABSTRACT: If we are to find treatments to postpone, reduce the risk of, or completely prevent the clinical onset of Alzheimer disease (AD), we need faster methods to evaluate promising preclinical AD treatments, new ways to work together in support of common goals, and a determination to expedite the initiation and performance of preclinical AD trials. In this article, we note some of the current challenges, opportunities and emerging strategies in preclinical AD treatment. We describe the Collaboration for Alzheimer's Prevention (CAP)-a convening, harmonizing and consensus-building initiative to help stakeholders advance AD prevention research with rigour, care and maximal impact-and we demonstrate the impact of CAP on the goals and design of new preclinical AD trials.COL001074414 páginasapplication/pdfengNature ResearchLondres, Inglaterrahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2CAP—advancing the evaluation of preclinical Alzheimer disease treatmentsArtículo de revisiónhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bchttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTREVinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionAnciano de 80 o más AñosAged, 80 and overEnfermedad de AlzheimerAlzheimer DiseaseFarmacoterapiaDrug TherapyDiagnósticoDiagnosisGenéticaGeneticsDisfunción CognitivaCognitive DysfunctionConducta CooperativaCooperative BehaviorProgresión de la EnfermedadDisease ProgressionEvaluación Preclínica de MedicamentosDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalDiagnóstico PrecozEarly DiagnosisAdhesión a DirectrizGuideline AdherenceComunicación InterdisciplinariaInterdisciplinary CommunicationPruebas NeuropsicológicasNeuropsychological TestsNootrópicosNootropic AgentsSíntomas ProdrómicosProdromal SymptomsEnsayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResultado del TratamientoTreatment Outcomehttps://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000369https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000544https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004358https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003933https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D005823https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D060825https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003299https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018450https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D004353https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D042241https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D019983https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D033183https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D009483https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D018697https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D062706https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016032https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016896Nat. Rev. Neurol.141112Nature Reviews NeurologyPublicationORIGINALLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdfLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdfArtículo de revisiónapplication/pdf124118https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/d3fc3098-86c7-4ff0-8e1b-258f4ed7d735/download525fd1882a195dcac057c15bacc182dbMD51trueAnonymousREADCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8823https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/19e37245-a5f9-4a5e-bdfc-b3d9fda03940/downloadb88b088d9957e670ce3b3fbe2eedbc13MD52falseAnonymousREADLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/15e63ef1-23e1-4b22-a212-67a11d42c882/download8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD53falseAnonymousREADTEXTLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdf.txtLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain48236https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/3e467c98-ff2c-4725-ab68-7a66d76f28da/downloadfba18a65c0e8d7eba322729a78c85240MD54falseAnonymousREADTHUMBNAILLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdf.jpgLoperaFrancisco_2016_CAP-Advancing.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg14449https://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co/bitstreams/fb94d1ab-cf76-4086-8325-5e510ce8d695/download846d753ce05b21c4e407f05ef77ba5b8MD55falseAnonymousREAD10495/39580oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/395802025-03-26 21:28:19.45http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/open.accesshttps://bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.coRepositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Antioquiaaplicacionbibliotecadigitalbiblioteca@udea.edu.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