Immune characterization of a Colombian familiar cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infection

ABSTRACT Introduction: Immunological markers have been described during COVID-19 and persist after recovery. These immune markers are associated with clinical features among SARS CoV-2 infected individuals. Nevertheless, studies reporting a comprehensive analysis of the immune changes occurring during SARS-CoV-2 infection are still limited. Objective: To evaluate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, the antibody response, and the phenotype and function of NK cells and T cells in a Colombian family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods: Proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA. The frequency, phenotype, and function of NK cells (cocultures with K562 cells) and T-cells (stimulated with spike/RdRp peptides) were assessed by flow cytometry. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were determined using indirect immunofluorescence and plaque reduction neutralization assay. Results: During COVID-19, we observed a high proinflammatory-cytokine production and a reduced CD56bright-NK cell and cytotoxic response. Compared with healthy controls, infected individuals had a higher frequency of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells CD38+HLA-DR-. During the acute phase, CD8+ T cells stimulated with viral peptides exhibited a monofunctional response characterized by high IL-10 production. However, during recovery, we observed a bifunctional response characterized by the co-expression of CD107a and granzyme B or perforin. Conclusion: Although the proinflammatory response is a hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 infection, other phenotypic and functional alterations in NK cells and CD8+ T cells could be associated with the outcome of COVID-19. However, additional studies are required to understand these alterations and to guide future immunotherapy strategies.

• Autores: Aguilar Jiménez, Wbeimar; Flórez Álvarez, Lizdany; Rincón Tabares, Daniel Santiago; Marín Palma, Leidy Damariz; Sánchez Martínez, Alexandra; Martínez Moreno, Jahnnyer; Zapata Cardona, María Isabel; Loaiza Durán, John Darío; Cárdenas, Constanza; Guzmán, Fanny; Velilla Hernández, Paula Andrea; Taborda Vanegas, Natalia Andrea; Zapata Builes, Wildeman; Hernández López, Juan Carlos; Díaz Castrillón, Francisco Javier; Rugeles López, María Teresa
• Tipo de recurso: Article of investigation
• Fecha de publicación: 2021
• Institución: Universidad de Antioquia
• Repositorio: Repositorio UdeA
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/36176
• Acceso en línea: https://hdl.handle.net/10495/36176
• Palabra clave: Infecciones por Coronavirus; Coronavirus infections; Anticuerpos Neutralizantes; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Inflamación; inflammation; linfocitos T; T-lymphocytes; células asesinas naturales; killer cells natural; Sistema Inmunológico; Immune System
• Rights: openAccess
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/