Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos

Se propuso analizar diferencias en el nivel de percepción –de sujetos de población general- respecto de la efectividad de líderes con características socioculturales diversas (género, orientación sexual, afiliación religiosa, nacionalidad) así como comprobar, mediante ecuaciones estructurales, influ...

Full description

Autores:
Lupano Peruginni, María Laura
Castro Solano, Alejandro
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2015
Institución:
Universidad de San Buenaventura
Repositorio:
Repositorio USB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/25575
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25575
https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.643
Palabra clave:
leadership
culture
intergroup anxiety
cultural sensitivity
effectiveness
liderazgo
cultura
ansiedad intergrupal
sensibilidad cultural
efectividad
Rights
openAccess
License
International Journal of Psychological Research - 2015
id SANBUENAV2_ce9645604427d9c35c20a09ef75ef988
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/25575
network_acronym_str SANBUENAV2
network_name_str Repositorio USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
title Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
spellingShingle Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
leadership
culture
intergroup anxiety
cultural sensitivity
effectiveness
liderazgo
cultura
ansiedad intergrupal
sensibilidad cultural
efectividad
title_short Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
title_full Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
title_fullStr Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
title_full_unstemmed Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
title_sort Ansiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Lupano Peruginni, María Laura
Castro Solano, Alejandro
dc.contributor.author.eng.fl_str_mv Lupano Peruginni, María Laura
Castro Solano, Alejandro
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv leadership
culture
intergroup anxiety
cultural sensitivity
effectiveness
topic leadership
culture
intergroup anxiety
cultural sensitivity
effectiveness
liderazgo
cultura
ansiedad intergrupal
sensibilidad cultural
efectividad
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv liderazgo
cultura
ansiedad intergrupal
sensibilidad cultural
efectividad
description Se propuso analizar diferencias en el nivel de percepción –de sujetos de población general- respecto de la efectividad de líderes con características socioculturales diversas (género, orientación sexual, afiliación religiosa, nacionalidad) así como comprobar, mediante ecuaciones estructurales, influencia de la ansiedad intergrupal y la sensibilidad cultural sobre el nivel de percepción de efectividad. Participantes: 481 sujetos adultos argentinos (52.8% mujeres, 47.2% varones; promedio de edad = 35.45 años). Instrumentos: Escala de ansiedad intergrupal, Escala de sensibilidad cultural, Protocolo diseñado ad hoc para evaluar nivel de percepción de efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos. Resultados obtenidos: no se pudo confirmar diferencias en el nivel de percepción de efectividad según características socioculturales. Sin embargo, se confirmó efecto directo de la sensibilidad cultural, e indirecto de la ansiedad intergrupal, sobre los niveles de percepción de efectividad. Este trabajo contribuye al estudio sobre prejuicios en relación al liderazgo.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T16:10:33Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T16:10:33Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2015-01-01
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.coarversion.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.content.eng.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.local.eng.fl_str_mv Journal article
dc.type.version.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.21500/20112084.643
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 2011-7922
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 2011-2084
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25575
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.643
identifier_str_mv 10.21500/20112084.643
2011-7922
2011-2084
url https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25575
https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.643
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.bitstream.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/643/443
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 45
dc.relation.citationissue.eng.fl_str_mv 1
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv 36
dc.relation.citationvolume.eng.fl_str_mv 8
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv International Journal of Psychological Research
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv Ayman, R., & Korabik, K. (2010). Leadership: Why gender and culture matter. American Psychologist, 65, 157–170.
Bennett, J.M. & Bennett, M.J. (2004). Developing intercultural Sensitivity: An Integrative Approach to Global and domestic Diversity. In D. Landis, J.M. Bennett & M.J. Bennett (Eds.). Handbook of Intercultural Training (pp. 147-166). California: Sage
Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004). Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A field experiment on labor market discrimination. The American Economic Review, 94(4), 991–1013.
Berry, J. W. (2006). Mutual attitudes among immigrants and ethnocultural groups in Canada. International of Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30 (6), 719-734
Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Carr, S. C. (2011). A Global Community Psychology of Mobility. Psychosocial Intervention, 20, 319-325. DOI:10.5093/in2011v20n3a8
Casas X. (2010). Hay más jefas pero pocas llegan a ser CEO. Recuperado el 21 de marzo de 2011 de http://www.iae.edu.ar/iaehoy/Documents/NG_20100308_Cronista_Debeljuh_MujeresLideres.pdf
Castro Solano, A. (2009). La evaluación de la sensibilidad cultural. Un estudio preliminar con estudiantes extranjeros. Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de América Latina, 55 (4), 229-238
Castro Solano, A. (2011). Estrategias de aculturación y adaptación psicológica y sociocultural de estudiantes extranjeros en la argentina. Interdisciplinaria, 28(1), 1-16.
Castro Solano, A. (2011). La evaluación de las competencias culturales de los líderes mediante el Inventario de Adaptación Cultural. Anales de Psicología de la Universidad de Murcia, 27(2), 507-517.
Castro Solano, A. (2013). Predictores de las relaciones interculturales con estudiantes universitarios extranjeros. Acta Psiquiátrica y
R E S E A R C H
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH Intergroup anxiety in diverse leaders’
Lupano and Castro (2014)
int.j.psychol.res. 8 (1) PP. 36 - 45
Psicológica de América Latina, 59 (2), 104-113.
Castro Solano A., Becerra L. & Lupano Perugini, M.L. (2007). Prototipos de liderazgo en población civil y militar. Interdisciplinaria, 24, 1, 65- 94.
Cuadrado, I. Navas, M. & Molero, F. (2006). Mujeres y Liderazgo. Claves Psicosociales del Techo de Cristal. Madrid: Sanz y Torres.
Chin, J. L. (2009). Diversity in mind and in action. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Chin J.L. (2010). Introduction to the Special Issue on Diversity and Leadership. American Psychologist, 65(3), 150-156.
Chin, J. L. (2013). Introduction: Special section on Asian American leadership. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 4 (4), 235–239. DOI: 10.1037/a0035144
Chin, J.L. & Sánchez-Hucles, J. (2007). Diversity and leadership. American Psychologist, 62(6), 608-609.
Chrobot-Mason, D., Ruderman, M.N. & Nishii, L.H. (2013). Leadership in a diverse workplace. In: R. M. Quinetta (Ed), The Oxford handbook of diversity and work (pp. 315-340). New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155.
Cox,T.(1993). Cultural diversity in organizations. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Den Hartog, D. N., & Dickson, W. (2004). Leadership and culture. In J. Antonakis, A. T. Cianciolo, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The nature of leadership (pp. 249–278). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dezsö, C. L. & Ross, D. G. (2012). Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation. Strat. Mgmt. Journal, 33, 1072–1089. doi: 10.1002/smj.1955
Dixon, J., & Rosenbaum, M. (2004). Nice to know you? Testing contact, cultural, and group threat theories of anti-Black and anti-Hispanic stereotypes. Social Science Quarterly, 85(2), 2004.
Duckitt, J., Callaghan, J., & Wagner, C. (2005). Group identification and outgroup attitudes in four South African ethnic groups: A multidimensional approach. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 633–646.
Eagly, A.H. & Carli L.L. (2007). Through the labyrinth. The truth about how women become leaders. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Eagly, A.H. & Chin, J.L. (2010). Are memberships in Race, Ethnicity, and Gender categories merely surface characteristics? American Psychologist, 65(9), 934-935. DOI: 10.1037/a0021830
Eagly, A. H. & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573- 598.
Eagly, A. H., & Diekman, A. B. (2005). What is the problem? Prejudice as an attitude-in-context. In J. F. Dovidio, P. Glick, & L. Rudman (Eds.), On the nature of prejudice: Fifty years after Allport (pp. 19–35).
Fassinger, R. E., Shullman, S. L., & Stevenson, M. R. (2010). Toward an affirmative lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender leadership paradigm. American Psychologist, 65, 201–215.
Fiske, S.T. & Lee, T.L. (2008). Stereotypes and prejudice create workplace discrimination. In P. Brief (Ed.), Diversity at work (pp 13-54). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Fowers, B. & Davidov, B. (2006). The virtue of multiculturalism. Personal transformation, character and openness to the other. American Psychologist, 61(86), 581-594.
Gaertner, S. L., & Dovidio, J. F. (1986). The aversive form of racism. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 61-89). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
García-Cueto, E., Gallo, P. & Miranda, R. (1998). Bondad de ajuste en el análisis factorial confirmatorio. Psicothema, 10, 717-724.
Hammer, M., Bennett, M. & Wiseman, R. (2003). Measuring intercultural sensitivity: the intercultural development inventory. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27, 421-443.
Hodson, G., Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (2004). The aversive form of racism. In J. L. Chin (Ed.), The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: Vol. 1. Racism in America (pp. 119–136). Westport, CT:Praeger.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.
Karahanna,E.-Evaristo,J.R.-Srite,M.(2005): Levels of culture and individual behavior: An integrative persepctive. Journal of Global Information Management, 13(2), 1-20
Katz, I. (1981). Stigma: A social psychological analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Kawahara, D. M., Pal, M., & Chin, J. L. (2013). The leadership experiences of Asian Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication.
R E S E A R C H
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH Intergroup anxiety in diverse leaders’
Lupano and Castro (2014)
int.j.psychol.res. 8 (1) PP. 36 - 45
Klein, K. M., & Wang, M. (2010). Deep-level diversity and leadership. American Psychologist, 65, 932–933. DOI:10.1037/a0021355
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford
Latinobarómetro (2008). Oportunidades de Integración Regional II. Recuperado de http://www.latinobarometro.org/docs/OportunidadesDeIntegracionIICAFLimaPeru_Abril_16_2008.pdf
Latinobarómetro (2011). Informe 2011. Recuperado de http://www.infoamerica.org/primera/lb_2011.pdf
Lord, R. G., Brown, D. J., Harvey, J. L., & Hall, R. J. (2001). Contextual constraints on prototype generation and their multilevel consequences for leadership perceptions. The Leadership Quarterly, 12, 311–338.
Lupano Perugini, M. L. (2011). Liderazgo, género y prejuicio. Influencia de los estereotipos de género en la efectividad del liderazgo femenino y actitudes hacia las mujeres líderes. Tesis Doctoral.
Lupano Perugini, M. L. & Castro Solano A. (2008). Liderazgo y género. Identificación de Prototipos de liderazgo efectivo. Perspectivas en Psicología, 5(1), 69-77.
Lupano Perugini, M.L. & Castro Solano, A. (2013). Estereotipos de género, sexo del líder y del seguidor: su influencia en las actitudes hacia mujeres líderes. Revista de Psicología 9(17), 87-104
Madon, S., Guyll, M., Aboufadel, K., Montiel, E., Smith, A., Palumbo, P., & Jussim, L. (2001). Ethnic and national stereotypes: The Princeton trilogy revisited and revised. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 996–1010.
Malden, MA, Blackwell & Madon, S. (1997). What do people believe about gay males? A study of stereotype content and strength. Sex Roles, 37, 663–685.
Niemann, Y. F., Jennings, L., Rozelle, R. M., Baxter, J. C., & Sullivan, E. (1994). Use of free responses and cluster analysis to determine stereotypes of eight groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 379–390.
Pérez, E., Medrano, L. A. & Sánchez Rosas, J. (2013). El Path Analysis: conceptos básicos y ejemplos de aplicación. Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento, 5 (1), 52-56.
Pettigrew, T.F. & Tropp, L. (2000). Does integroups contact reduce prejudice: Recent meta-analytic findings. In: S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 93-114). Mahwah. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
Richard, O., McMillan, A., Chadwick, K., & Dwyer, S. (2003). Employing an innovation strategy in racially diverse workforces. Group & Organization Management, 28, 107-126
Rosette, A.S., Leonardelli, G.J. & Phillips, K.W. (2008). The white standard: racial bias in leader categorization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93 (4), 758–777. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.758
Sanchez-Hucles, J. V., & Davis, D. D. (2010). Women and women of color in leadership: Complexity, identity, and ntersectionality. American Psychologist, 65, 171–181.
Stephan, W. G & Stephan, C. (1985). Intergroup anxiety. Journal of Social Issues, 41, 157-176.
Thomas, D.(2008). Cross-cultural management. Essential Concepts. Londres: Sage.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2009, January). Household data annual averages: Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/cps/ cpsaat11.pdf
U.S. Census Bureau. (2010). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2010 (129thed.) Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/
Weston, R. & Gore Jr., P. A., (2006). A Brief Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34; 719-751.
Wofford, J., Goodwin, V. L. & Wittington, J. (1998). A field study of a cognitive approach to understanding transformational and transactional leadership. Leadership Quarterly. 9, 55-84.
Zweigenhaft, R. L., & Domhoff, G. W. (2006). Diversity in the power elite: How it happened, why it matters. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield
dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv International Journal of Psychological Research - 2015
dc.rights.accessrights.eng.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.eng.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.eng.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv International Journal of Psychological Research - 2015
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.eng.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.eng.fl_str_mv Universidad San Buenaventura - USB (Colombia)
dc.source.eng.fl_str_mv https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/view/643
institution Universidad de San Buenaventura
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/aaf8952b-4475-44b8-ad81-89668626a11d/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 15c59f5a47183ee5d4699699e2305c4b
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_ 1851053530686685184
spelling Lupano Peruginni, María LauraCastro Solano, Alejandro2015-01-01T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T16:10:33Z2015-01-01T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T16:10:33Z2015-01-01Se propuso analizar diferencias en el nivel de percepción –de sujetos de población general- respecto de la efectividad de líderes con características socioculturales diversas (género, orientación sexual, afiliación religiosa, nacionalidad) así como comprobar, mediante ecuaciones estructurales, influencia de la ansiedad intergrupal y la sensibilidad cultural sobre el nivel de percepción de efectividad. Participantes: 481 sujetos adultos argentinos (52.8% mujeres, 47.2% varones; promedio de edad = 35.45 años). Instrumentos: Escala de ansiedad intergrupal, Escala de sensibilidad cultural, Protocolo diseñado ad hoc para evaluar nivel de percepción de efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversos. Resultados obtenidos: no se pudo confirmar diferencias en el nivel de percepción de efectividad según características socioculturales. Sin embargo, se confirmó efecto directo de la sensibilidad cultural, e indirecto de la ansiedad intergrupal, sobre los niveles de percepción de efectividad. Este trabajo contribuye al estudio sobre prejuicios en relación al liderazgo.This intended to analyze differences in the level of perception –of general population participants- in regards to leaders with diverse socio-cultural characteristics (gender, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, nationality) and also verify by means of structural equations, the influence of intergroup anxiety and the cultural sensitivity in terms of the level of effectiveness perception. Participants: 481 adults from Argentina (52.8% female, 47.2% male; age average = 35.45 years old). Instruments: Intergroup Anxiety scale, Cultural Sensitivity scale, and an ad hoc protocol designed to assess level of effectiveness perception in socio-culturally diverse leaders. Results: Differences in the level of perception of effectiveness according to sociocultural characteristics could not be confirmed. However, a direct effect of cultural sensitivity and an indirect effect of intergroup anxiety on the levels of effectiveness perception were confirmed. This work contributes to previous studies on prejudice and leadership.application/pdf10.21500/20112084.6432011-79222011-2084https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25575https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.643engUniversidad San Buenaventura - USB (Colombia)https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/643/443451368International Journal of Psychological ResearchAyman, R., & Korabik, K. (2010). Leadership: Why gender and culture matter. American Psychologist, 65, 157–170.Bennett, J.M. & Bennett, M.J. (2004). Developing intercultural Sensitivity: An Integrative Approach to Global and domestic Diversity. In D. Landis, J.M. Bennett & M.J. Bennett (Eds.). Handbook of Intercultural Training (pp. 147-166). California: SageBertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004). Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A field experiment on labor market discrimination. The American Economic Review, 94(4), 991–1013.Berry, J. W. (2006). Mutual attitudes among immigrants and ethnocultural groups in Canada. International of Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30 (6), 719-734Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Carr, S. C. (2011). A Global Community Psychology of Mobility. Psychosocial Intervention, 20, 319-325. DOI:10.5093/in2011v20n3a8Casas X. (2010). Hay más jefas pero pocas llegan a ser CEO. Recuperado el 21 de marzo de 2011 de http://www.iae.edu.ar/iaehoy/Documents/NG_20100308_Cronista_Debeljuh_MujeresLideres.pdfCastro Solano, A. (2009). La evaluación de la sensibilidad cultural. Un estudio preliminar con estudiantes extranjeros. Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de América Latina, 55 (4), 229-238Castro Solano, A. (2011). Estrategias de aculturación y adaptación psicológica y sociocultural de estudiantes extranjeros en la argentina. Interdisciplinaria, 28(1), 1-16.Castro Solano, A. (2011). La evaluación de las competencias culturales de los líderes mediante el Inventario de Adaptación Cultural. Anales de Psicología de la Universidad de Murcia, 27(2), 507-517.Castro Solano, A. (2013). Predictores de las relaciones interculturales con estudiantes universitarios extranjeros. Acta Psiquiátrica yR E S E A R C HINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH Intergroup anxiety in diverse leaders’Lupano and Castro (2014)int.j.psychol.res. 8 (1) PP. 36 - 45Psicológica de América Latina, 59 (2), 104-113.Castro Solano A., Becerra L. & Lupano Perugini, M.L. (2007). Prototipos de liderazgo en población civil y militar. Interdisciplinaria, 24, 1, 65- 94.Cuadrado, I. Navas, M. & Molero, F. (2006). Mujeres y Liderazgo. Claves Psicosociales del Techo de Cristal. Madrid: Sanz y Torres.Chin, J. L. (2009). Diversity in mind and in action. Westport, CT: Praeger.Chin J.L. (2010). Introduction to the Special Issue on Diversity and Leadership. American Psychologist, 65(3), 150-156.Chin, J. L. (2013). Introduction: Special section on Asian American leadership. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 4 (4), 235–239. DOI: 10.1037/a0035144Chin, J.L. & Sánchez-Hucles, J. (2007). Diversity and leadership. American Psychologist, 62(6), 608-609.Chrobot-Mason, D., Ruderman, M.N. & Nishii, L.H. (2013). Leadership in a diverse workplace. In: R. M. Quinetta (Ed), The Oxford handbook of diversity and work (pp. 315-340). New York, NY, US: Oxford University PressCohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155-159. DOI:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155.Cox,T.(1993). Cultural diversity in organizations. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.Den Hartog, D. N., & Dickson, W. (2004). Leadership and culture. In J. Antonakis, A. T. Cianciolo, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The nature of leadership (pp. 249–278). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Dezsö, C. L. & Ross, D. G. (2012). Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation. Strat. Mgmt. Journal, 33, 1072–1089. doi: 10.1002/smj.1955Dixon, J., & Rosenbaum, M. (2004). Nice to know you? Testing contact, cultural, and group threat theories of anti-Black and anti-Hispanic stereotypes. Social Science Quarterly, 85(2), 2004.Duckitt, J., Callaghan, J., & Wagner, C. (2005). Group identification and outgroup attitudes in four South African ethnic groups: A multidimensional approach. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 633–646.Eagly, A.H. & Carli L.L. (2007). Through the labyrinth. The truth about how women become leaders. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.Eagly, A.H. & Chin, J.L. (2010). Are memberships in Race, Ethnicity, and Gender categories merely surface characteristics? American Psychologist, 65(9), 934-935. DOI: 10.1037/a0021830Eagly, A. H. & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573- 598.Eagly, A. H., & Diekman, A. B. (2005). What is the problem? Prejudice as an attitude-in-context. In J. F. Dovidio, P. Glick, & L. Rudman (Eds.), On the nature of prejudice: Fifty years after Allport (pp. 19–35).Fassinger, R. E., Shullman, S. L., & Stevenson, M. R. (2010). Toward an affirmative lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender leadership paradigm. American Psychologist, 65, 201–215.Fiske, S.T. & Lee, T.L. (2008). Stereotypes and prejudice create workplace discrimination. In P. Brief (Ed.), Diversity at work (pp 13-54). New York: Cambridge University Press.Fowers, B. & Davidov, B. (2006). The virtue of multiculturalism. Personal transformation, character and openness to the other. American Psychologist, 61(86), 581-594.Gaertner, S. L., & Dovidio, J. F. (1986). The aversive form of racism. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 61-89). Orlando, FL: Academic Press.García-Cueto, E., Gallo, P. & Miranda, R. (1998). Bondad de ajuste en el análisis factorial confirmatorio. Psicothema, 10, 717-724.Hammer, M., Bennett, M. & Wiseman, R. (2003). Measuring intercultural sensitivity: the intercultural development inventory. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27, 421-443.Hodson, G., Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (2004). The aversive form of racism. In J. L. Chin (Ed.), The psychology of prejudice and discrimination: Vol. 1. Racism in America (pp. 119–136). Westport, CT:Praeger.Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55.Karahanna,E.-Evaristo,J.R.-Srite,M.(2005): Levels of culture and individual behavior: An integrative persepctive. Journal of Global Information Management, 13(2), 1-20Katz, I. (1981). Stigma: A social psychological analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: ErlbaumKawahara, D. M., Pal, M., & Chin, J. L. (2013). The leadership experiences of Asian Americans. Asian American Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication.R E S E A R C HINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH Intergroup anxiety in diverse leaders’Lupano and Castro (2014)int.j.psychol.res. 8 (1) PP. 36 - 45Klein, K. M., & Wang, M. (2010). Deep-level diversity and leadership. American Psychologist, 65, 932–933. DOI:10.1037/a0021355Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York: GuilfordLatinobarómetro (2008). Oportunidades de Integración Regional II. Recuperado de http://www.latinobarometro.org/docs/OportunidadesDeIntegracionIICAFLimaPeru_Abril_16_2008.pdfLatinobarómetro (2011). Informe 2011. Recuperado de http://www.infoamerica.org/primera/lb_2011.pdfLord, R. G., Brown, D. J., Harvey, J. L., & Hall, R. J. (2001). Contextual constraints on prototype generation and their multilevel consequences for leadership perceptions. The Leadership Quarterly, 12, 311–338.Lupano Perugini, M. L. (2011). Liderazgo, género y prejuicio. Influencia de los estereotipos de género en la efectividad del liderazgo femenino y actitudes hacia las mujeres líderes. Tesis Doctoral.Lupano Perugini, M. L. & Castro Solano A. (2008). Liderazgo y género. Identificación de Prototipos de liderazgo efectivo. Perspectivas en Psicología, 5(1), 69-77.Lupano Perugini, M.L. & Castro Solano, A. (2013). Estereotipos de género, sexo del líder y del seguidor: su influencia en las actitudes hacia mujeres líderes. Revista de Psicología 9(17), 87-104Madon, S., Guyll, M., Aboufadel, K., Montiel, E., Smith, A., Palumbo, P., & Jussim, L. (2001). Ethnic and national stereotypes: The Princeton trilogy revisited and revised. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 996–1010.Malden, MA, Blackwell & Madon, S. (1997). What do people believe about gay males? A study of stereotype content and strength. Sex Roles, 37, 663–685.Niemann, Y. F., Jennings, L., Rozelle, R. M., Baxter, J. C., & Sullivan, E. (1994). Use of free responses and cluster analysis to determine stereotypes of eight groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 379–390.Pérez, E., Medrano, L. A. & Sánchez Rosas, J. (2013). El Path Analysis: conceptos básicos y ejemplos de aplicación. Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento, 5 (1), 52-56.Pettigrew, T.F. & Tropp, L. (2000). Does integroups contact reduce prejudice: Recent meta-analytic findings. In: S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 93-114). Mahwah. NJ: Lawrence ErlbaumRichard, O., McMillan, A., Chadwick, K., & Dwyer, S. (2003). Employing an innovation strategy in racially diverse workforces. Group & Organization Management, 28, 107-126Rosette, A.S., Leonardelli, G.J. & Phillips, K.W. (2008). The white standard: racial bias in leader categorization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93 (4), 758–777. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.758Sanchez-Hucles, J. V., & Davis, D. D. (2010). Women and women of color in leadership: Complexity, identity, and ntersectionality. American Psychologist, 65, 171–181.Stephan, W. G & Stephan, C. (1985). Intergroup anxiety. Journal of Social Issues, 41, 157-176.Thomas, D.(2008). Cross-cultural management. Essential Concepts. Londres: Sage.U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2009, January). Household data annual averages: Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/cps/ cpsaat11.pdfU.S. Census Bureau. (2010). Statistical abstract of the United States: 2010 (129thed.) Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/Weston, R. & Gore Jr., P. A., (2006). A Brief Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34; 719-751.Wofford, J., Goodwin, V. L. & Wittington, J. (1998). A field study of a cognitive approach to understanding transformational and transactional leadership. Leadership Quarterly. 9, 55-84.Zweigenhaft, R. L., & Domhoff, G. W. (2006). Diversity in the power elite: How it happened, why it matters. Lanham, MD: Rowman & LittlefieldInternational Journal of Psychological Research - 2015info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/view/643leadershipcultureintergroup anxietycultural sensitivityeffectivenessliderazgoculturaansiedad intergrupalsensibilidad culturalefectividadAnsiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversosAnsiedad intergrupal, sensibilidad cultural y efectividad de líderes socioculturalmente diversosArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2618https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/aaf8952b-4475-44b8-ad81-89668626a11d/download15c59f5a47183ee5d4699699e2305c4bMD5110819/25575oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/255752025-07-31 11:10:33.265https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.com