Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica

Este artículo se centra en el libro The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity (1915) de T. H. Morgan (1866-1945), Alfred H. Sturtevant (1891-1970), Herman J. Muller (1890-1967) y Calvin B. Bridges (1889-1938). Considerado por algunos como un hito en genética, convenció a personas especializadas y no espec...

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Autores:
Pereira Martins, Lilian Al-Chueyr
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2025
Institución:
Universidad de San Buenaventura
Repositorio:
Repositorio USB
Idioma:
eng
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oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/26444
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10819/26444
https://doi.org/10.21500/22563202.7128
Palabra clave:
historia de la genética
retórica
teoría mendeliana-cromosómica
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
history of genetics
rhetoric
mendelian chromosome theory
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
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openAccess
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Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira Martins - 2024
id SANBUENAV2_c19156eee87f9c0639a21a490563b3ed
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/26444
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network_name_str Repositorio USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
title Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
spellingShingle Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
historia de la genética
retórica
teoría mendeliana-cromosómica
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
history of genetics
rhetoric
mendelian chromosome theory
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
title_short Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
title_full Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
title_fullStr Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
title_full_unstemmed Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
title_sort Retórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásica
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Pereira Martins, Lilian Al-Chueyr
dc.contributor.author.eng.fl_str_mv Pereira Martins, Lilian Al-Chueyr
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv historia de la genética
retórica
teoría mendeliana-cromosómica
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
topic historia de la genética
retórica
teoría mendeliana-cromosómica
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
history of genetics
rhetoric
mendelian chromosome theory
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv history of genetics
rhetoric
mendelian chromosome theory
The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity
description Este artículo se centra en el libro The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity (1915) de T. H. Morgan (1866-1945), Alfred H. Sturtevant (1891-1970), Herman J. Muller (1890-1967) y Calvin B. Bridges (1889-1938). Considerado por algunos como un hito en genética, convenció a personas especializadas y no especializadas, en su momento, de que la teoría estaba establecida a pesar de sus problemas cruciales. Su objetivo es discutir los recursos retóricos que los autores utilizaron para persuadir a esas personas. La metodología comprende el análisis de fuentes primarias, además del texto de Morgan et al. (1915), y fuentes secundarias que tratan el tema, incluyendo algunos trabajos de la autora de este artículo relacionados con la temática y su representación en la ciencia. El estudio concluyó que Morgan et al. (1915) utilizaron su discurso, dibujos y diagramas, sin acompañarlos de fotografías, principalmente en aspectos de la teoría donde la evidencia era escasa, dando una falsa impresión de que todo estaba claro. Es posible encontrar una simplificación histórica de los hechos para reforzar los argumentos de los autores, falta de discusión de explicaciones alternativas, diagramas que representan objetos ideales que no observaron y ejemplos teóricos que entran en conflicto con los datos numéricos de sus artículos anteriores. Además, no presentaron problemas o dificultades en relación con su teoría. Todo esto contribuyó para que algunas características problemáticas de la teoría no se evidenciaran y se aceptaran.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-01-20T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T17:14:32Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2025-01-20T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T17:14:32Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2025-01-20
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 187
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dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv Revista Guillermo de Ockham
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv Aczél, P. (2016). Rediscovering the visual in rhetorical tradition: Persuasion as visionary in suasory discourse. In A. Benedek and A. Veszelszki (Eds.), In the beginning was the image. The omnipresence of pictures: Time, truth, tradition (pp. 69–82). Peter Lang AG. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2t4cns.9 Allen, G. E. (1972). Introduction. In T. H. Morgan, A. H. Sturtevant, H. J. Muller and C. B. Bridges, The mechanism of Mendelian heredity (pp. v–xxv). Johnson Reprint. (Original work published 1915) Allen, G. E. (1978). Thomas Hunt Morgan: The man and his science. Princeton University Press. Bateson, W. (1916). The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity. By T. H. Morgan, A. H. Sturtevant, H. J. Muller, and C. B. Bridges. Henry Holt and Company, New York. 1915. Science, 44(1137), 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.44.1137.536 Bateson, W., & Punnett, R. C. (1905). A suggestion as to the nature of the “walnut” comb in fowls. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 13, 165–168. Bateson, W., & Punnett, R. C. (1911). On gametic series involving reduplication of certain terms. Journal of Genetics, 1, 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981554 Baxter, A. L., & Farley, J. (1979). Mendel and meiosis. Journal of the History of Biology, 12(1), 137–171. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330729 Bonnevie, K. (1907). “Heterotypical” mitosis in Nereis limbata (Ehlers). Biological Bulletin, 13, 57–83. Brunelli, A. (2017). O desenvolvimento do conceito de linkage (1902-1915): uma contribuição histórica para o Ensino de genética [Master’s thesis, Universidade de São Paulo]. Biblioteca Digital USP. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.81.2015.tde-20072015-102850 Brush, S. G. (2002). How theories became knowledge: Morgan’s chromosome theory of heredity in America and Britain. Journal of the History of Biology, 35(3), 471–535. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021175231599 Cannon, W. A. (1902). A cytological basis for Mendelian laws. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 29(12), 657–661. Coleman, W. (1963). Cell, nucleus, and inheritance: An historical study. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 109, 124–158. Correns, C. (1902). Über den Modus und den Zeitpunket der Spaltung der Anlagen bei Bastarden der Erbsen-Typus. Bot. Zeit., 60(2), 65–68. Creighton, H. B., & McClintock, B. (1931). A correlation of cytological and genetical crossingover in Zea mays. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 17(8), 492–497. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.17.8.49 Doncaster, L. (1915). Chromosomes, heredity, and sex, a review of the present state of the evidence with regard to the material basis of hereditary transmission and sex determination. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 59, 487–521. Durbano, J. P. D. M. (2015) As pesquisas de Barbara McClintock sobre o crossing-over em Zea mays: 1925-1932. Filosofia e História da Biologia, 10(1), 49–65. https://www.abfhib.org/FHB/FHB-10-1/FHB-10-1-04-Joao-Durbano.pdf Durbano, J. P. D. M. (2017). O desenvolvimento do conceito de crossing-over 1915-1935: uma introdução histórica para o ensino de genética [Doctoral thesis, Universidade de São Paulo]. Biblioteca Digital USP. https://doi.org/10.11606/T.59.2017.tde-09112020-101836 Gilbert, S. F. (1991). Epigenetic landscaping: Waddington’s use of cell fate bifurcation diagrams. Biology and Philosophy, 6(2), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426835 Ibarra, A., & Mormann, T. (2005). Interactive representations. Revista de Estudios sobre Representaciones en Arte, Ciencia y Filosofía, 1(1), 1–20. Janssens, F. A. (1909). Spermatogénèse dans les batraciens, V. La théorie de la chiasmatypie, nouvelle interprétation des cinèses de maturation. La Cellule, 25, 389–406. Lynch, M. (1991). Science in the age of mechanical reproduction: Moral and epistemic relations between diagrams and photographs. Biology and Philosophy, 6, 205–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426838 Maienschein, J. (1991). From presentation to representation in E. B. Wilson’s The Cell. Biology and Philosophy, 6, 227–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426839 Martins, L. A-C. P. (1997). A teoria cromossômica da herança, proposta, fundamentação, crítica e aceitação [Doctoral thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas]. Sophia. https://doi.org/10.47749/T/UNICAMP.1997.781732 Martins, L. A-C. P. (1998). Thomas Hunt Morgan e a teoria cromossômica: de crítico a defensor. Episteme: Filosofia e História das Ciências em Revista, 3(6), 100–126. Martins, L. A-C. P. (1999). Did Sutton and Boveri propose the so-called Sutton-Boveri chromosome hypothesis? Genetics and Molecular Biology, 22(2), 261–271. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47571999000200022 Martins, L. A-C. P. (2002). Bateson e o programa de pesquisa mendeliano. Episteme: Filosofia e História da Ciência em Revista, (14), 27–55. Martins, L. A-C. P. (2005). História da ciência, objetos, métodos e problemas. Ciência & Educação, 11(2), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-73132005000200011 Martins, L. A-C. P. (2007). El papel de las representaciones pictóricas en la ciencia: Wilson, Morgan y la teoría cromosómica. Representaciones: Revista de Estudios sobre Representaciones en Arte, Ciencia y Filosofía, 3(2), 77–96. Martins, L. A-C. P. (2010). The dissemination of the chromosome theory of Mendelian heredity by Morgan and his collaborators around 1916: A case study on the distortion of science by scientists. Filosofia e História da Biologia, 5(2), 327–367. Mayr, E. (1982). The growth of biological thought: Diversity, evolution, and inheritance. Harvard University Press. Mendel, G. (1966). Experiments in plant hybridization. In C. Stern and E. Sherwood (Eds.), The origins of genetics: A Mendel source book (pp. 1–48). W. Frieman and Company. (Original work published 1866) Moore, J. A. (1986). Science as a way of knowing-genetics. American Zoologist, 26(3), 583–747. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/26.3.583 Morgan, T. H. (1909). What are “factors” in Mendelian explanations? American Breeders Association Report, 5, 365–368. Morgan, T. H. (1910). Chromosomes and heredity. The American Naturalist, 44(524), 449–496. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2455783 Morgan, T. H. (1914). No crossing over in the male of Drosophila of genes in the second and third pairs of chromosomes. Biological Bulletin, 26(4), 195–204. Morgan, T. H., Sturtevant, A. H., Muller, H. J., & Bridges, C. B. (1915). The mechanism of Mendelian heredity. H. Holt and Company. Portugal, F. H., & Cohen, J. S. (1977). A century of DNA: A history of the discovery of the structure and function of genetic substance. The MIT Press. Stern, C. J. (1931). Zytologisch-genetische Untersuchungenals Beweise fur die Morganschetheorie des Faktorenaustausches. Biologisches Zentralblatt, 51, 547–587. Sturtevant, A. H. (2011). A history of genetics. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press. (Original work published 1965) Sutton, W. S. (1902). On the morphology of the chromosome group in Brachystola magna. Biological Bulletin, 4, 24–39. Sutton, W. S. (1903). The chromosomes in heredity. Biological Bulletin, 4, 231–251. Swinburne, R. G. (1962). The presence-and-absence theory. Annals of Science, 18(3), 131–145. http://doi.org/10.1080/00033796200202762 Taylor, P. J., & Blum, A. S. (1991). Pictorial representation in biology. Biology and Philosophy, 6, 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426834 The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity. (1916). Nature, 97(2423), 117–118. https://doi.org/10.1038/097117a0 Trow, A. H. (1916). A criticism of the hypothesis of linkage and crossing-over. Journal of Genetics, 5(4), 281–297. Wilson, E. B. (1909). Studies on chromosomes V. The “accessory” chromosome of Metapodius. A contribution to the hypothesis of the genetic continuity of chromosomes. The Journal of Experimental Zoology, 6(2), 147–205. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1400060202 Wilson, E. B. (1912). Studies on chromosomes VIII. Observations on the maturation phenomena in certain hemipter and other forms, with considerations on synapsis and reduction. The Journal of Experimental Zoology, 13(3), 345–449. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1400130302
dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira Martins - 2024
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spelling Pereira Martins, Lilian Al-Chueyr2025-01-20T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T17:14:32Z2025-01-20T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T17:14:32Z2025-01-20Este artículo se centra en el libro The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity (1915) de T. H. Morgan (1866-1945), Alfred H. Sturtevant (1891-1970), Herman J. Muller (1890-1967) y Calvin B. Bridges (1889-1938). Considerado por algunos como un hito en genética, convenció a personas especializadas y no especializadas, en su momento, de que la teoría estaba establecida a pesar de sus problemas cruciales. Su objetivo es discutir los recursos retóricos que los autores utilizaron para persuadir a esas personas. La metodología comprende el análisis de fuentes primarias, además del texto de Morgan et al. (1915), y fuentes secundarias que tratan el tema, incluyendo algunos trabajos de la autora de este artículo relacionados con la temática y su representación en la ciencia. El estudio concluyó que Morgan et al. (1915) utilizaron su discurso, dibujos y diagramas, sin acompañarlos de fotografías, principalmente en aspectos de la teoría donde la evidencia era escasa, dando una falsa impresión de que todo estaba claro. Es posible encontrar una simplificación histórica de los hechos para reforzar los argumentos de los autores, falta de discusión de explicaciones alternativas, diagramas que representan objetos ideales que no observaron y ejemplos teóricos que entran en conflicto con los datos numéricos de sus artículos anteriores. Además, no presentaron problemas o dificultades en relación con su teoría. Todo esto contribuyó para que algunas características problemáticas de la teoría no se evidenciaran y se aceptaran.This paper mainly focuses on the book The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity (1915) by T. H. Morgan (1866-1945), Alfred H. Sturtevant (1891-1970), Herman J. Muller (1890-1967), and Calvin B. Bridges (1889-1938). Considered by some as a landmark in genetics, it convinced specialized and not specialized at the time that the theory was established despite its crucial problems. It aims to discuss the rhetorical devices the authors used to persuade these people. The methodology comprises the analysis of primary sources, in addition to the text by Morgan et al. (1915), and secondary sources dealing with the topic, including some works by the author of this article related to the subject and its representation in science. The study concluded that Morgan et al. (1915) used their discourse, some drawings, and diagrams, unaccompanied by photographs, mainly in aspects of the theory where evidence was scarce, giving a false impression that all was clear. It is possible to find historical simplification of the facts to reinforce the authors’ arguments, lack of discussion of alternative explanations, diagrams representing ideal objects they did not observe, and theoretical examples that conflicted with the numerical data in their previous papers. In addition, they did not present problems or difficulties related to their theory. All this contributed to some problematic features of the theory not being evident and being accepted.application/pdf10.21500/22563202.71282256-3202https://hdl.handle.net/10819/26444https://doi.org/10.21500/22563202.7128engUniversidad de San Buenaventura Calihttps://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/GuillermoOckham/article/download/7128/5532187117523Revista Guillermo de OckhamAczél, P. (2016). Rediscovering the visual in rhetorical tradition: Persuasion as visionary in suasory discourse. In A. Benedek and A. Veszelszki (Eds.), In the beginning was the image. The omnipresence of pictures: Time, truth, tradition (pp. 69–82). Peter Lang AG. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2t4cns.9 Allen, G. E. (1972). Introduction. In T. H. Morgan, A. H. Sturtevant, H. J. Muller and C. B. Bridges, The mechanism of Mendelian heredity (pp. v–xxv). Johnson Reprint. (Original work published 1915) Allen, G. E. (1978). Thomas Hunt Morgan: The man and his science. Princeton University Press. Bateson, W. (1916). The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity. By T. H. Morgan, A. H. Sturtevant, H. J. Muller, and C. B. Bridges. Henry Holt and Company, New York. 1915. Science, 44(1137), 536–543. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.44.1137.536 Bateson, W., & Punnett, R. C. (1905). A suggestion as to the nature of the “walnut” comb in fowls. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 13, 165–168. Bateson, W., & Punnett, R. C. (1911). On gametic series involving reduplication of certain terms. Journal of Genetics, 1, 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981554 Baxter, A. L., & Farley, J. (1979). Mendel and meiosis. Journal of the History of Biology, 12(1), 137–171. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330729 Bonnevie, K. (1907). “Heterotypical” mitosis in Nereis limbata (Ehlers). Biological Bulletin, 13, 57–83. Brunelli, A. (2017). O desenvolvimento do conceito de linkage (1902-1915): uma contribuição histórica para o Ensino de genética [Master’s thesis, Universidade de São Paulo]. Biblioteca Digital USP. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.81.2015.tde-20072015-102850 Brush, S. G. (2002). How theories became knowledge: Morgan’s chromosome theory of heredity in America and Britain. Journal of the History of Biology, 35(3), 471–535. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021175231599 Cannon, W. A. (1902). A cytological basis for Mendelian laws. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 29(12), 657–661. Coleman, W. (1963). Cell, nucleus, and inheritance: An historical study. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 109, 124–158. Correns, C. (1902). Über den Modus und den Zeitpunket der Spaltung der Anlagen bei Bastarden der Erbsen-Typus. Bot. Zeit., 60(2), 65–68. Creighton, H. B., & McClintock, B. (1931). A correlation of cytological and genetical crossingover in Zea mays. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 17(8), 492–497. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.17.8.49 Doncaster, L. (1915). Chromosomes, heredity, and sex, a review of the present state of the evidence with regard to the material basis of hereditary transmission and sex determination. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 59, 487–521. Durbano, J. P. D. M. (2015) As pesquisas de Barbara McClintock sobre o crossing-over em Zea mays: 1925-1932. Filosofia e História da Biologia, 10(1), 49–65. https://www.abfhib.org/FHB/FHB-10-1/FHB-10-1-04-Joao-Durbano.pdf Durbano, J. P. D. M. (2017). O desenvolvimento do conceito de crossing-over 1915-1935: uma introdução histórica para o ensino de genética [Doctoral thesis, Universidade de São Paulo]. Biblioteca Digital USP. https://doi.org/10.11606/T.59.2017.tde-09112020-101836 Gilbert, S. F. (1991). Epigenetic landscaping: Waddington’s use of cell fate bifurcation diagrams. Biology and Philosophy, 6(2), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426835 Ibarra, A., & Mormann, T. (2005). Interactive representations. Revista de Estudios sobre Representaciones en Arte, Ciencia y Filosofía, 1(1), 1–20. Janssens, F. A. (1909). Spermatogénèse dans les batraciens, V. La théorie de la chiasmatypie, nouvelle interprétation des cinèses de maturation. La Cellule, 25, 389–406. Lynch, M. (1991). Science in the age of mechanical reproduction: Moral and epistemic relations between diagrams and photographs. Biology and Philosophy, 6, 205–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426838 Maienschein, J. (1991). From presentation to representation in E. B. Wilson’s The Cell. Biology and Philosophy, 6, 227–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02426839 Martins, L. A-C. P. (1997). A teoria cromossômica da herança, proposta, fundamentação, crítica e aceitação [Doctoral thesis, Universidade Estadual de Campinas]. Sophia. https://doi.org/10.47749/T/UNICAMP.1997.781732 Martins, L. A-C. P. (1998). Thomas Hunt Morgan e a teoria cromossômica: de crítico a defensor. Episteme: Filosofia e História das Ciências em Revista, 3(6), 100–126. Martins, L. A-C. P. (1999). Did Sutton and Boveri propose the so-called Sutton-Boveri chromosome hypothesis? Genetics and Molecular Biology, 22(2), 261–271. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47571999000200022 Martins, L. A-C. P. (2002). Bateson e o programa de pesquisa mendeliano. Episteme: Filosofia e História da Ciência em Revista, (14), 27–55. Martins, L. A-C. P. (2005). História da ciência, objetos, métodos e problemas. Ciência & Educação, 11(2), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-73132005000200011 Martins, L. A-C. P. 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The Journal of Experimental Zoology, 13(3), 345–449. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1400130302Lilian Al-Chueyr Pereira Martins - 2024info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/GuillermoOckham/article/view/7128historia de la genéticaretóricateoría mendeliana-cromosómicaThe Mechanism of Mendelian Heredityhistory of geneticsrhetoricmendelian chromosome theoryThe Mechanism of Mendelian HeredityRetórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásicaRetórica en el pensamiento biológico moderno: un estudio de caso de la genética clásicaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2546https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/0bd50ccb-4c65-4ffa-af70-8e5eaf2a20e6/download0ebfdb1dcd20a283a5726f57503c223aMD5110819/26444oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/264442025-07-31 12:14:32.735https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.com