Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería

Los primeros estudios realizados sobre aleaciones base oro se desarrollaron hace algunas décadas, los cuales hacen referencia a los proceso de fabricación de piezas de diferentes tamaños y formas e incluyen problemas debidos a reacciones alergias generados por su uso continuo. Con el paso del tiempo...

Full description

Autores:
Quintero Ortiz, Luz Amparo
Fernández Torres, Mayerly Jhojana
Baquero, Arnaldo Alonso
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2015
Institución:
Universidad de San Buenaventura
Repositorio:
Repositorio USB
Idioma:
spa
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/27342
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10819/27342
https://doi.org/10.21500/20275846.1727
Palabra clave:
Aleaciones de oro
fundición
joyería
Rights
openAccess
License
Ingenierías USBmed - 2015
id SANBUENAV2_b9aad96127db0f0a952a3badda398559
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/27342
network_acronym_str SANBUENAV2
network_name_str Repositorio USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv Obtaining processes and test precious alloys gold used in jewellery
title Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
spellingShingle Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
Aleaciones de oro
fundición
joyería
title_short Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
title_full Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
title_fullStr Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
title_full_unstemmed Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
title_sort Procesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyería
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Quintero Ortiz, Luz Amparo
Fernández Torres, Mayerly Jhojana
Baquero, Arnaldo Alonso
dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv Quintero Ortiz, Luz Amparo
Fernández Torres, Mayerly Jhojana
Baquero, Arnaldo Alonso
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Aleaciones de oro
fundición
joyería
topic Aleaciones de oro
fundición
joyería
description Los primeros estudios realizados sobre aleaciones base oro se desarrollaron hace algunas décadas, los cuales hacen referencia a los proceso de fabricación de piezas de diferentes tamaños y formas e incluyen problemas debidos a reacciones alergias generados por su uso continuo. Con el paso del tiempo, los nuevos desarrollos tecnológicos y el surgimiento de técnicas de estudio y caracterización, se han realizado avances que permiten dar una posible explicación al comportamiento del material, el cual tiene una íntima relación con su microestructura y sus propiedades. Además se han podido fabricar aleaciones con composiciones predeterminadas, tanto cristalinas como amorfas, así como aplicar diferentes procesos de fabricación y caracterización.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2015-12-30T00:00:00Z
2025-08-21T22:04:17Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2015-12-30T00:00:00Z
2025-08-21T22:04:17Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2015-12-30
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.coarversion.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.content.spa.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.local.eng.fl_str_mv Journal article
dc.type.version.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.21500/20275846.1727
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 2027-5846
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10819/27342
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.21500/20275846.1727
identifier_str_mv 10.21500/20275846.1727
2027-5846
url https://hdl.handle.net/10819/27342
https://doi.org/10.21500/20275846.1727
dc.language.iso.spa.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.bitstream.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IngUSBmed/article/download/1727/1500
dc.relation.citationedition.spa.fl_str_mv Núm. 2 , Año 2015 : Ingenierías USBMed
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 25
dc.relation.citationissue.spa.fl_str_mv 2
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv 15
dc.relation.citationvolume.spa.fl_str_mv 6
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.spa.fl_str_mv Ingenierías USBMed
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv M. F. Grimwade, “A plain Man´s guide to alloy phase diagrams: their use in jewellery manufacture - part 1,” World Gold Council, Issue 29, pp. 2-15, Jun 1990. [2] D. R Askeland and P. P. Phulé. Askeland. Ciencia e ingeniería de los materiales. México: CENGAGE Learning, pág, 357-407, 2009. [3] A. Valencia. “Metalurgia Física”. Universidad de Antioquia. Pág. 430-431, Nov 1987. [4] M. F. Grimwade, “A plain man´s guide to alloy diagrams: their use in jewellery manufacture- part 2,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 8-7, Sum 2000. [5] J. J Hostynek, “Gold: An Allergen of Growing Significance. Food and Chemical Toxicology,” Elsevier, pp. 839-844, Apr 1997. [6] M. García Ramírez. “Evaluación cromática y microstructural de una aleación de oro blanco al Mn en estado fundido y tratado térmicamente”. Tesis de maestría, dirigido por D. Y. Peña Ballesteros y A. Alonso Baquero, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, pág. 1-2, dic. 2008. [7] R. Rushforth, “Don´t let niquel get under your skin- the European experience,” World Gold Council, Issue 28, pp. 2-10 Spr 2000. [8] M. F. Grimwade, “The 14th Santa Fe Symposium on jewellery manufacturing technology,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 23-30 Sum 2000. [9] Guzmano G, “Influence of Si, Ni and Co additions on gold alloy for investment cast process,” Elsevier, pp. 252-258, 2001. [10] F. Arbini, “Effect of cobalt additions on the properties of 5N red gold alloys,” World Gold Council, Issue 25, pp. 31-35 Apr 1999. [11] J. C. Mccloskey, P. R. Welch and S. Aithal, “The effect of silicon desoxidation and grain refinement on the production performance of a 14 karat yellow gold casting alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 4-7, Sum 2000. [12] G. Lockwood, “The practical gold-worked,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 15-21 Nov 1877. [13] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 2.3, 2001. [14] M. F. Grimwade, “Solidification of metalsm,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 11-16, Jun 1990. [15] M. F. Grimwade, “Working and annealing,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 17-22, Jun 1990. [16] W. H Wang, C. Dong and C. H. Shek, “Bulk metallic glasses,” Elsevier, pp, 45-89, 2004. [17] J. Schroers and B. Lohwongwatana, “Precious Bulk Metallic Glasses for Jewelry applications,” Elsevier, pp. 235-238, 2007. [18] W.S. Rapson, “Gold refining for the jewellery producer,” World Gold Council, Issue 14, pp. 2-9 Nov 1994. [19] M. F. Grimwade, “Melting, Alloying and casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 5-10, Jun 1990. [20] E. Soinila, K. Antin, S. Bossuyt and Hänninen, “Bulk metallic glass tube casting,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Elsevier, pp. 210–213, 2011. [21] Patrick Scott. Cad Software for Jewelry Design: A Comprehensive Survey. The 19th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing. Pp. 409-422, 2005. [22] M. Bovin and P. Bovin. “Jewellery making for school, tradesmen, craftsmen”. Forest Hill, 1976. [23] M. G. Malagoli, “CAD-CAM technology: transforming the goldsmith´s workshop,” World Gold Council, Issue 31, pp. 31-35 Spr 2002. [24] L. C. Molinary and M. C. Megazinni, “The role of CAD/CAM in the modern jewelery business,” World Gold Council, Issue 23, pp. 3-7 Spr 2002. [25] Schuster, Hubert; Bolzonella, Alberto. The Preparation of the master mould- The Key Point of Stone-In-Place Casting. The 19th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing. pp. 399-408, 2005. [26] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 3.2, 3.3, 2001. [27] L. Kellenborg“Modelling in wax for jewellery and sculpture”. Forest Hill, 1981. [28] W. Corti, Christopher. Basic Metallurgy of the Preciuos Metals. Santa Fe Symposium, pp. 77-108, 2007. [29] C. H. Schwartz, “Chemical and physical properties of investment,” Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp. 99, 1987. [30] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 3.4, 2001. [31] R. Carter, “Effects of water quality and temperature on investment casting powder,” World Gold Council, Issue 32, pp. 7-17 Sum 1993. [32] P. J, “Investment powders and investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 28, pp. 12-17 Spr 2000. [33] H. Schuster and A. Bolzonella. “The Preparation of the master mould- The Key Point of Stone-In-Place Casting”. Santa Fe Symposium, pp. 399-408, 2005. [34] M. Dreher, “Bulk finishing of gold jewellery- I Wet tumbling: principios básicos,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 7-10 Jul 1999. [35] S. Alviti, “Getting gold to glitter or all that glitters is gold – the mass finishing of gold jewelry,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 11-15 Jul 1999. [36] G. Raykhtsaum and D. P. Agarwal, “Breakthrough in laser marking for precious metals,” World Gold Council, Issue 24, pp. 10-13 Sep 1998. [37] Ch. J, “Electroforming of gold alloys- the ARTFORMTM process,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 2-15 Jul 1995. [38] A. Marucco and W. Stankiewicz, “Development of an XRF spectrometry analytical method for gold determination in gold jewellery alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 24, pp. 14-22 Sep 1998. [39] P. Jalas, J. P. Ruottinen and S. Hemminki, “XRF analisis of jewelry using fully standardless fundamental parameter approach,” World Gold Council, Issue 35, pp. 28-34 Sum 2002. [40] S. Mozgovoy, J. Heinrich, U.E. Klotz, and R. Busch, “Investigation of mechanical, corrosion and optical properties of an 18 carat Au-Cu-Si-Ag-Pd bulk metallic glass,’’ Elsevier, pp. 2289 - 2291, 2010. [41] W. Corti, Christopher. Basic Metallurgy of the Preciuos Metals. Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, 2007, pp. 77-108. [42] C. Cretu and E. V. Lingen, “Colured gold alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 30-39 Sum 2000. [43] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System”. ASTM E308-13, pp. 1-44, Jan 2014. [44] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates”. ASTM E313-10, pp. 1-6, Jan 2014. [45] M. Grimwade. “Interdisciplinary science”. Inst. Of Materials. Pp. 373, 1992. [46] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials”. ASTM E8 /E8M − 13a, pp. 1-28, Feb 2014. [47] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials”. ASTM E10-12, pp. 1-32, Feb 2014. [48] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens”. ASTM E3-11, pp. 1-12, Feb 2014. [49] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size”. ASTM E112-12, pp. 1-27, Feb 2014. [50] D. Ott and U. Schindler, “Metallography of gold alloys,” World Gold Council, Issue 33, pp. 6-11 Win 2001. [51] D. Zito, “Coloured carat golds for Investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 31, pp. 35-42 Spr 2001. [52] D. Ott, “Gold casting alloy 14 and 18 carat,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 2-7 Spr 1992. [53] C. Creud, E. Van der Lingen and L. Glaner, “Hard 22 Carat gld alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 25-29 Sum 2000. [54] L. Diamond, “Casting defects from model to finished product”. Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp. 149, 1987. [55] C. J. Raub. “Testing quality of jewellery casting” Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp.107, 1987. [56] D. Ott, “Ingot casting and continuous casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 45-48 Nov 1997. [57] D. Ott, “Description of defects,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 37-40 Nov 1997. [58] R.T. Owen, “Castings defects control,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 2-15 Jul 1994. [59] D. Ott, “Porosity in investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 11, pp. 15-20 Nov 1993. [60] E. Bell, “Wax elimination, burnout oand the mold´s effect on porosity in casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 11, pp. 21-27 Nov 1993. [61] J. C. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, Pp. 44-58, 2000. [62] D. V. Louzguine-Luzgin, I. Zeki, T Yamamoto, H. Kawaji, C, Sueyanarayana and A. Inoue, “Structural relaxation and crystallization processes in Cu55Hf25Ti15Pd5 metallic glassy alloy,” Elsevier, pp. 177-181, 2012. [63] A. Eugen,“Metallic glasses from ‘‘alchemy’’ to pure science: Present and future of design, processing and applications of glassy metals,” Elsevier, pp. 1-39, 2012. [64] K. laws, K. Shamlaye and M. Ferry, “Synthesis of Ag-based bulk metallic glass in the Ag-Mg-Ca-[Cu] alloy system,” Elsevier, pp, 10-13, 2012.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Ingenierías USBmed - 2015
dc.rights.accessrights.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.spa.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.uri.spa.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv Ingenierías USBmed - 2015
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.mimetype.spa.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.spa.fl_str_mv Universidad San Buenaventura - USB (Colombia)
dc.source.spa.fl_str_mv https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IngUSBmed/article/view/1727
institution Universidad de San Buenaventura
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/bb56b7fa-eae4-435d-af9e-e699b1d25262/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 9ed4f2cb0f1f4e643a4f2ed3bbf61eb4
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombia
repository.mail.fl_str_mv bdigital@metabiblioteca.com
_version_ 1851053689777684480
spelling Quintero Ortiz, Luz AmparoFernández Torres, Mayerly JhojanaBaquero, Arnaldo Alonso2015-12-30T00:00:00Z2025-08-21T22:04:17Z2015-12-30T00:00:00Z2025-08-21T22:04:17Z2015-12-30Los primeros estudios realizados sobre aleaciones base oro se desarrollaron hace algunas décadas, los cuales hacen referencia a los proceso de fabricación de piezas de diferentes tamaños y formas e incluyen problemas debidos a reacciones alergias generados por su uso continuo. Con el paso del tiempo, los nuevos desarrollos tecnológicos y el surgimiento de técnicas de estudio y caracterización, se han realizado avances que permiten dar una posible explicación al comportamiento del material, el cual tiene una íntima relación con su microestructura y sus propiedades. Además se han podido fabricar aleaciones con composiciones predeterminadas, tanto cristalinas como amorfas, así como aplicar diferentes procesos de fabricación y caracterización.First studies made about golden alloys are developed some decades ago, which refer to the manufacturing process pieces of different sizes and shapes and include problems due allergies reactions generated for continuous use.  Over time, new technological development and the emergence of study and characterization technical, there has competed advances that allow give a possible explanation to material behavior, which has a close relationship their microstructure and properties. Furthermore, it has been possible to make alloys with predetermined composition, crystalline and amorphous, applying manufacturing process and characterization.application/pdf10.21500/20275846.17272027-5846https://hdl.handle.net/10819/27342https://doi.org/10.21500/20275846.1727spaUniversidad San Buenaventura - USB (Colombia)https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IngUSBmed/article/download/1727/1500Núm. 2 , Año 2015 : Ingenierías USBMed252156Ingenierías USBMedM. F. Grimwade, “A plain Man´s guide to alloy phase diagrams: their use in jewellery manufacture - part 1,” World Gold Council, Issue 29, pp. 2-15, Jun 1990. [2] D. R Askeland and P. P. Phulé. Askeland. Ciencia e ingeniería de los materiales. México: CENGAGE Learning, pág, 357-407, 2009. [3] A. Valencia. “Metalurgia Física”. Universidad de Antioquia. Pág. 430-431, Nov 1987. [4] M. F. Grimwade, “A plain man´s guide to alloy diagrams: their use in jewellery manufacture- part 2,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 8-7, Sum 2000. [5] J. J Hostynek, “Gold: An Allergen of Growing Significance. Food and Chemical Toxicology,” Elsevier, pp. 839-844, Apr 1997. [6] M. García Ramírez. “Evaluación cromática y microstructural de una aleación de oro blanco al Mn en estado fundido y tratado térmicamente”. Tesis de maestría, dirigido por D. Y. Peña Ballesteros y A. Alonso Baquero, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, pág. 1-2, dic. 2008. [7] R. Rushforth, “Don´t let niquel get under your skin- the European experience,” World Gold Council, Issue 28, pp. 2-10 Spr 2000. [8] M. F. Grimwade, “The 14th Santa Fe Symposium on jewellery manufacturing technology,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 23-30 Sum 2000. [9] Guzmano G, “Influence of Si, Ni and Co additions on gold alloy for investment cast process,” Elsevier, pp. 252-258, 2001. [10] F. Arbini, “Effect of cobalt additions on the properties of 5N red gold alloys,” World Gold Council, Issue 25, pp. 31-35 Apr 1999. [11] J. C. Mccloskey, P. R. Welch and S. Aithal, “The effect of silicon desoxidation and grain refinement on the production performance of a 14 karat yellow gold casting alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 4-7, Sum 2000. [12] G. Lockwood, “The practical gold-worked,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 15-21 Nov 1877. [13] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 2.3, 2001. [14] M. F. Grimwade, “Solidification of metalsm,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 11-16, Jun 1990. [15] M. F. Grimwade, “Working and annealing,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 17-22, Jun 1990. [16] W. H Wang, C. Dong and C. H. Shek, “Bulk metallic glasses,” Elsevier, pp, 45-89, 2004. [17] J. Schroers and B. Lohwongwatana, “Precious Bulk Metallic Glasses for Jewelry applications,” Elsevier, pp. 235-238, 2007. [18] W.S. Rapson, “Gold refining for the jewellery producer,” World Gold Council, Issue 14, pp. 2-9 Nov 1994. [19] M. F. Grimwade, “Melting, Alloying and casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 2, pp. 5-10, Jun 1990. [20] E. Soinila, K. Antin, S. Bossuyt and Hänninen, “Bulk metallic glass tube casting,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Elsevier, pp. 210–213, 2011. [21] Patrick Scott. Cad Software for Jewelry Design: A Comprehensive Survey. The 19th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing. Pp. 409-422, 2005. [22] M. Bovin and P. Bovin. “Jewellery making for school, tradesmen, craftsmen”. Forest Hill, 1976. [23] M. G. Malagoli, “CAD-CAM technology: transforming the goldsmith´s workshop,” World Gold Council, Issue 31, pp. 31-35 Spr 2002. [24] L. C. Molinary and M. C. Megazinni, “The role of CAD/CAM in the modern jewelery business,” World Gold Council, Issue 23, pp. 3-7 Spr 2002. [25] Schuster, Hubert; Bolzonella, Alberto. The Preparation of the master mould- The Key Point of Stone-In-Place Casting. The 19th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing. pp. 399-408, 2005. [26] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 3.2, 3.3, 2001. [27] L. Kellenborg“Modelling in wax for jewellery and sculpture”. Forest Hill, 1981. [28] W. Corti, Christopher. Basic Metallurgy of the Preciuos Metals. Santa Fe Symposium, pp. 77-108, 2007. [29] C. H. Schwartz, “Chemical and physical properties of investment,” Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp. 99, 1987. [30] J. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, pp. 3.4, 2001. [31] R. Carter, “Effects of water quality and temperature on investment casting powder,” World Gold Council, Issue 32, pp. 7-17 Sum 1993. [32] P. J, “Investment powders and investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 28, pp. 12-17 Spr 2000. [33] H. Schuster and A. Bolzonella. “The Preparation of the master mould- The Key Point of Stone-In-Place Casting”. Santa Fe Symposium, pp. 399-408, 2005. [34] M. Dreher, “Bulk finishing of gold jewellery- I Wet tumbling: principios básicos,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 7-10 Jul 1999. [35] S. Alviti, “Getting gold to glitter or all that glitters is gold – the mass finishing of gold jewelry,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 11-15 Jul 1999. [36] G. Raykhtsaum and D. P. Agarwal, “Breakthrough in laser marking for precious metals,” World Gold Council, Issue 24, pp. 10-13 Sep 1998. [37] Ch. J, “Electroforming of gold alloys- the ARTFORMTM process,” World Gold Council, Issue 26, pp. 2-15 Jul 1995. [38] A. Marucco and W. Stankiewicz, “Development of an XRF spectrometry analytical method for gold determination in gold jewellery alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 24, pp. 14-22 Sep 1998. [39] P. Jalas, J. P. Ruottinen and S. Hemminki, “XRF analisis of jewelry using fully standardless fundamental parameter approach,” World Gold Council, Issue 35, pp. 28-34 Sum 2002. [40] S. Mozgovoy, J. Heinrich, U.E. Klotz, and R. Busch, “Investigation of mechanical, corrosion and optical properties of an 18 carat Au-Cu-Si-Ag-Pd bulk metallic glass,’’ Elsevier, pp. 2289 - 2291, 2010. [41] W. Corti, Christopher. Basic Metallurgy of the Preciuos Metals. Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, 2007, pp. 77-108. [42] C. Cretu and E. V. Lingen, “Colured gold alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 30, pp. 30-39 Sum 2000. [43] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System”. ASTM E308-13, pp. 1-44, Jan 2014. [44] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates”. ASTM E313-10, pp. 1-6, Jan 2014. [45] M. Grimwade. “Interdisciplinary science”. Inst. Of Materials. Pp. 373, 1992. [46] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials”. ASTM E8 /E8M − 13a, pp. 1-28, Feb 2014. [47] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials”. ASTM E10-12, pp. 1-32, Feb 2014. [48] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens”. ASTM E3-11, pp. 1-12, Feb 2014. [49] American Society for Testing and Materials. “Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size”. ASTM E112-12, pp. 1-27, Feb 2014. [50] D. Ott and U. Schindler, “Metallography of gold alloys,” World Gold Council, Issue 33, pp. 6-11 Win 2001. [51] D. Zito, “Coloured carat golds for Investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 31, pp. 35-42 Spr 2001. [52] D. Ott, “Gold casting alloy 14 and 18 carat,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 2-7 Spr 1992. [53] C. Creud, E. Van der Lingen and L. Glaner, “Hard 22 Carat gld alloy,” World Gold Council, Issue 7, pp. 25-29 Sum 2000. [54] L. Diamond, “Casting defects from model to finished product”. Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp. 149, 1987. [55] C. J. Raub. “Testing quality of jewellery casting” Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, pp.107, 1987. [56] D. Ott, “Ingot casting and continuous casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 45-48 Nov 1997. [57] D. Ott, “Description of defects,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 37-40 Nov 1997. [58] R.T. Owen, “Castings defects control,” World Gold Council, Issue 13, pp. 2-15 Jul 1994. [59] D. Ott, “Porosity in investment casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 11, pp. 15-20 Nov 1993. [60] E. Bell, “Wax elimination, burnout oand the mold´s effect on porosity in casting,” World Gold Council, Issue 11, pp. 21-27 Nov 1993. [61] J. C. Wright, “Technical manual for gold jewellery,” World Gold Council, Pp. 44-58, 2000. [62] D. V. Louzguine-Luzgin, I. Zeki, T Yamamoto, H. Kawaji, C, Sueyanarayana and A. Inoue, “Structural relaxation and crystallization processes in Cu55Hf25Ti15Pd5 metallic glassy alloy,” Elsevier, pp. 177-181, 2012. [63] A. Eugen,“Metallic glasses from ‘‘alchemy’’ to pure science: Present and future of design, processing and applications of glassy metals,” Elsevier, pp. 1-39, 2012. [64] K. laws, K. Shamlaye and M. Ferry, “Synthesis of Ag-based bulk metallic glass in the Ag-Mg-Ca-[Cu] alloy system,” Elsevier, pp, 10-13, 2012.Ingenierías USBmed - 2015info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IngUSBmed/article/view/1727Aleaciones de orofundiciónjoyeríaProcesos de obtención y evaluación de aleaciones preciosas base oro usadas en joyeríaObtaining processes and test precious alloys gold used in jewelleryArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml2677https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/bb56b7fa-eae4-435d-af9e-e699b1d25262/download9ed4f2cb0f1f4e643a4f2ed3bbf61eb4MD5110819/27342oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/273422025-08-21 17:04:17.385https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.com