Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey

The present study presents a procedure to assess the property of symmetry by comparing the acquisition of conditional relations that are consistent and inconsistent with this property in a capuchin monkey (Sapajus spp.). One young male monkey underwent arbitrary matching-to-sample training. The expe...

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Autores:
Soares Filho, Paulo S. D.
Silva, Álvaro J. M.
Velasco, Saulo M
Barros, Romariz S
Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
Tipo de recurso:
Article of journal
Fecha de publicación:
2016
Institución:
Universidad de San Buenaventura
Repositorio:
Repositorio USB
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/25779
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25779
https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2320
Palabra clave:
Conditional discrimination
Equivalence class formation
Symmetry
Sapajus spp
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openAccess
License
International Journal of Psychological Research - 2016
id SANBUENAV2_28222e74eeae9dac8e297e132dbc373b
oai_identifier_str oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/25779
network_acronym_str SANBUENAV2
network_name_str Repositorio USB
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
dc.title.translated.spa.fl_str_mv Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
title Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
spellingShingle Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
Conditional discrimination
Equivalence class formation
Symmetry
Sapajus spp
title_short Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
title_full Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
title_fullStr Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
title_sort Assessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin Monkey
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Soares Filho, Paulo S. D.
Silva, Álvaro J. M.
Velasco, Saulo M
Barros, Romariz S
Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
dc.contributor.author.eng.fl_str_mv Soares Filho, Paulo S. D.
Silva, Álvaro J. M.
Velasco, Saulo M
Barros, Romariz S
Tomanari, Gerson Yukio
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Conditional discrimination
Equivalence class formation
Symmetry
Sapajus spp
topic Conditional discrimination
Equivalence class formation
Symmetry
Sapajus spp
description The present study presents a procedure to assess the property of symmetry by comparing the acquisition of conditional relations that are consistent and inconsistent with this property in a capuchin monkey (Sapajus spp.). One young male monkey underwent arbitrary matching-to-sample training. The experiment had four phases: Phase 1.1 (establishing A1B1 and A2B2 relations), Phase 1.2 (reinforcing B1A1 and B2A2 relations, consistent with the property of symmetry), Phase 2.1 (establishing A3B3 and A4B4 relations), and Phase 2.2 (reinforcing B3A4 and B4A3 relations, inconsistent with the property of symmetry). A comparison between Phase 1.2 (consistent) and Phase 2.2 (inconsistent) showed faster acquisition of consistent relations (B1A1 and B2A2) than inconsistent relations (B3A4 and B4A3). The results suggest that the established conditional discriminations may have the property of symmetry and confirm the potential of comparative analysis between the acquisition of conditional discriminations as a promising procedure to evaluate equivalence class formation in nonhuman subjects.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T16:11:50Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
2025-07-31T16:11:50Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2016-07-01
dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
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dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.21500/20112084.2320
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 2011-7922
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 2011-2084
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25779
dc.identifier.url.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2320
identifier_str_mv 10.21500/20112084.2320
2011-7922
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https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2320
dc.language.iso.eng.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.bitstream.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/2361
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https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/3046
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dc.relation.citationedition.eng.fl_str_mv Núm. 2 , Año 2016 : Special Issue of Comparative Psychology
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 39
dc.relation.citationissue.eng.fl_str_mv 2
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv 30
dc.relation.citationvolume.eng.fl_str_mv 9
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.eng.fl_str_mv International Journal of Psychological Research
dc.relation.references.eng.fl_str_mv Antonitis, J. J. (1951). Response variability in the white rat during conditioning, extinction, and reconditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 42, 273-281. doi: 10.1037/h0060407 Azrin, N. H., Hutchinson, R. R., & Hake, D. F. (1966). Extinction-induced aggression. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 191-204. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1966.9-191 Barros, R. S., Galvão, O. F., & Fontes, J. C. (1996). Um teste de simetria após treino de discriminações condicionais de posição com macaco Ateles paniscus paniscus [A symmetry test after training position conditional discriminations with macacus Ateles paniscus paniscus]. Acta Comportamentalia, 4, 181-204. Barros, R. S., Galvão, O. F., & McIlvane, W. J. (2002). The search for relational learning capacity in Cebus apella: a programmed “educational” approach. In: S. Soraci, Jr. & K. Murata-Soraci (Eds.), Visual information processing (pp. 223-245). Westport: Praeger. Brino, A. L., Galvão, O. F., & Barros, R. S. (2009). Successive identity matching to sample tests without reinforcement in Cebus apella. Ciências e Cognição, 14, 2-11. Retrieved from: http://cienciasecognicao.org/revista/index.php/cec/article/view/19 D’Amato, M. R., Salmon, D. P., Loukas, E., & Tomie, A. (1985). Symmetry and transitivity of conditional relations in monkeys (Cebus apella) and pigeons (Columbia livia). Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 44, 35-47. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1985.44-35 Devany, J. M., Hayes, S. C., & Nelson, R. O. (1986). Equivalence class formation in language-able and language-disabled children. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 46, 243-257. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1986.46-243 Dube, W. V. & McIlvane, W. J. (1996). Some implications of a stimulus control topography analysis for emergent behavior and stimulus classes. In: T. R. Zentall & P. M. Smeets (Eds.), Stimulus class formation in humans and animals (pp. 197-218). Amsterdam: Elsevier. Dube, W. V., McIlvane, W. J., & Green, G. (1992). An analysis of generalized identity matching-to-sample test procedures. Psychological Record, 42, 17-28. Dugdale, N. & Lowe, C. F. (2000). Testing for symmetry in conditional discriminations of language-trained chimpanzees. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 73, 5-22. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2000.73-5 Epstein, R. (1983). Resurgence of previously reinforced behavior during extinction. Behaviour Analysis Letters, 3, 391-397. Epstein, R. (1985). Extinction-induced resurgence: preliminary investigations and possible applications. Psychological Record, 35, 143-153. Frank, A. J. (2007). An examination of the temporal and spatial stimulus control in emergent symmetry in pigeons. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa. Retrieved from: http://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1342&context=etd&unstamped=1 Frank, A. J. & Wasserman, E. A. (2005). Associative symmetry in the pigeon after successive matching-to-sample training. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 84, 147-165. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2005.115-04 Galvão, O. F., Calcagno, S., & Sidman, M. (1992). Testing for emergent performance in extinction. Experimental Analysis of Human Behavior Bulletin, 10, 18-20. Galvão, O. F., Barros, R. S., Santos, J. R., Brino, A. L. F., Brandão, S., Lavratti, C. M., Dube, W. V., & McIlvane, W. J. (2005). Extent and limits of the matching concept in Cebus apella: a matter of experimental control? Psychological Record, 55, 219-232. Galvão, O. F., Soares Filho, P. S. D., Barros, R. S., & Souza, C. B. A. (2008). Matching-to-sample as a model of symbolic behavior for bio-behavioral investigation. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 19, 149-156. Gray, L. (1966). Backward association in pigeons. Psychonomic Science, 4, 333-334. Harlow, H. F. (1949). The formation of learning sets. Psychological Review, 56, 51-65. doi: 10.1037/h0062474 Hayes, S. C. (1989). Nonhumans have not yet shown stimulus equivalence. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 51, 385-392. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1989.51-385 Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (2001). Relational frame theory: a post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum. Hogan, D. E. & Zentall, T. R. (1977). Backward associations in pigeon. American Journal of Psychology, 90, 3-15. doi: 10.2307/1421635 Holmes, P. W. (1979). Transfer of matching performance in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 31, 103-114. Doi: 10.1901/jeab.1979.31-103 Huziwara, E. M., Velasco, S. M., Tomanari, G. Y., de Souza, D. G., & Machado, A. (2012). Emergent relations in pigeons following training with temporal samples. Learning and Behavior, 40, 192-204. doi: 10.3758/s13420-012-0097-z Kastak, D. & Schusterman, R. J. (1994). Transfer of visual identity matching-to-sample in two California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Animal Learning and Behavior, 22, 427-435. Retrieved from: http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03209162 Keller, F. S. & Schoenfeld, W. N. (1950). Principles of psychology: a systematic text in the science of behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Lerman, D. C. & Iwata, B. A. (1996). Developing a technology for the use of operant extinction in clinical settings: an examination of basic and applied research. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 345-382. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-345 Lionello-DeNolf, K. M. (2009). The search for symmetry: 25 years in review. Learning and Behavior, 37, 188-203. doi: 10.3758/LB.37.2.188. Lionello-DeNolf, K. M. & Urcuioli, P. J. (2002). Stimulus control topographies and tests of symmetry in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 78, 467-495. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2002.78-467 Lipkens, R., Kop, P. F. M., & Matthijs, W. (1988). A test for symmetry and transitivity in the conditional discrimination performances of pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 49, 395-409. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1988.49-395 McIlvane, W. J., Serna, R. W., Dube, W. V., & Stromer, R. (2000). Stimulus control topography coherence and stimulus equivalence: reconciling test outcomes with theory. In: J. Leslie & D. E. Blackman (Eds.), Experimental and applied analysis of human behavior (pp. 85-110). Reno: Context Press. Picanço, C. R. & Barros, R. S. (2015). Symmetry evaluation by comparing acquisition of conditional relations in successive (Go/No-Go) matching-to-sample training. Psychological Record, 65, 131-139. Retrieved from: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40732-014-0096-x Schusterman, R. J. & Kastak, D. (1993). A California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) is capable of forming equivalence relations. Psychological Record, 43, 823-839. Sidman, M. (1994). Equivalence relations and behavior: a research story. Boston: Authors Cooperative. Sidman, M. (2000). Equivalence relations and the reinforcement contingency. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 74, 127-146. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2000.74-127 Sidman, M. & Cresson, O., Jr. (1973). Reading and crossmodal transfer of stimulus equivalences in severe retardation. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 77(5), 515-523. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4267398 Sidman, M. & Tailby, W. (1982). Conditional discrimination vs. matching to sample: an expansion of the testing paradigm. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 37, 5-22. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1982.37-5 Sidman, M., Rauzin, R., Lazar, R., Cunningham, S., Tailby, W., & Carrigan, P. (1982). A search for symmetry in the conditional discriminations of rhesus monkeys, baboons, and children. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 37, 23-44. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1982.37-23 Skinner, B. F. (1938). The behavior of organisms: an experimental analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Sweeney M. M. & Urcuioli, P. J. (2010). Reflexivity in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 94, 267-282. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2010.94-267 Urcuioli, P. J. (2008). Associative symmetry, antisymmetry, and a theory of pigeons’ equivalence-class formation. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 90, 257-282. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2008.90-257 Urcuioli, P. J. & Swisher, M. (2012). Emergent identity matching after successive matching training: II. Reflexivity or transitivity? Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 97, 5-27. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2012.97-5 Vasconcelos, M. & Urcuioli, P. J. (2011). Associative symmetry in a spatial-response paradigm. Behavioural Processes, 86, 305-315. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2011.01.002 Velasco, S. M., Huziwara, E. M., Machado, A., & Tomanari, G. Y. (2010). Associative symmetry by pigeons after few-exemplar training. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 94(3), 283-295. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2010.94-283 Villas-Bôas, A., Murayama, V. K., & Tomanari, G. Y. (2005). Ressurgência: conceitos e métodos que podem (ou não) contribuir para a análise do comportamento. In: H. J. Guilhardi & N. C. Aguirre (Eds.), Sobre comportamento e cognição: Vol. 15. Expondo a variabilidade (pp. 18-28). Santo André: ESETec. Wilson, K. G. & Hayes, S. C. (1996). Resurgence of derived stimulus relations. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 66, 267-281.doi: 10.1901/jeab.1996.66-267 Yamamoto, J. & Asano, T. (1995). Stimulus equivalence in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Psychological Record, 45, 3-21.
dc.rights.eng.fl_str_mv International Journal of Psychological Research - 2016
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spelling Soares Filho, Paulo S. D.Silva, Álvaro J. M.Velasco, Saulo MBarros, Romariz STomanari, Gerson Yukio2016-07-01T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T16:11:50Z2016-07-01T00:00:00Z2025-07-31T16:11:50Z2016-07-01The present study presents a procedure to assess the property of symmetry by comparing the acquisition of conditional relations that are consistent and inconsistent with this property in a capuchin monkey (Sapajus spp.). One young male monkey underwent arbitrary matching-to-sample training. The experiment had four phases: Phase 1.1 (establishing A1B1 and A2B2 relations), Phase 1.2 (reinforcing B1A1 and B2A2 relations, consistent with the property of symmetry), Phase 2.1 (establishing A3B3 and A4B4 relations), and Phase 2.2 (reinforcing B3A4 and B4A3 relations, inconsistent with the property of symmetry). A comparison between Phase 1.2 (consistent) and Phase 2.2 (inconsistent) showed faster acquisition of consistent relations (B1A1 and B2A2) than inconsistent relations (B3A4 and B4A3). The results suggest that the established conditional discriminations may have the property of symmetry and confirm the potential of comparative analysis between the acquisition of conditional discriminations as a promising procedure to evaluate equivalence class formation in nonhuman subjects.application/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdf10.21500/20112084.23202011-79222011-2084https://hdl.handle.net/10819/25779https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2320engUniversidad San Buenaventura - USB (Colombia)https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/2361https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/3045https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/3046https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/download/2320/3047Núm. 2 , Año 2016 : Special Issue of Comparative Psychology392309International Journal of Psychological ResearchAntonitis, J. J. (1951). Response variability in the white rat during conditioning, extinction, and reconditioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 42, 273-281. doi: 10.1037/h0060407 Azrin, N. H., Hutchinson, R. R., & Hake, D. F. (1966). Extinction-induced aggression. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 9, 191-204. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1966.9-191 Barros, R. S., Galvão, O. F., & Fontes, J. C. (1996). Um teste de simetria após treino de discriminações condicionais de posição com macaco Ateles paniscus paniscus [A symmetry test after training position conditional discriminations with macacus Ateles paniscus paniscus]. Acta Comportamentalia, 4, 181-204. Barros, R. S., Galvão, O. F., & McIlvane, W. J. (2002). The search for relational learning capacity in Cebus apella: a programmed “educational” approach. In: S. Soraci, Jr. & K. Murata-Soraci (Eds.), Visual information processing (pp. 223-245). Westport: Praeger. Brino, A. L., Galvão, O. F., & Barros, R. S. (2009). Successive identity matching to sample tests without reinforcement in Cebus apella. Ciências e Cognição, 14, 2-11. Retrieved from: http://cienciasecognicao.org/revista/index.php/cec/article/view/19 D’Amato, M. R., Salmon, D. P., Loukas, E., & Tomie, A. (1985). Symmetry and transitivity of conditional relations in monkeys (Cebus apella) and pigeons (Columbia livia). Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 44, 35-47. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1985.44-35 Devany, J. M., Hayes, S. C., & Nelson, R. O. (1986). Equivalence class formation in language-able and language-disabled children. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 46, 243-257. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1986.46-243 Dube, W. V. & McIlvane, W. J. (1996). Some implications of a stimulus control topography analysis for emergent behavior and stimulus classes. In: T. R. Zentall & P. M. Smeets (Eds.), Stimulus class formation in humans and animals (pp. 197-218). Amsterdam: Elsevier. Dube, W. V., McIlvane, W. J., & Green, G. (1992). An analysis of generalized identity matching-to-sample test procedures. Psychological Record, 42, 17-28. Dugdale, N. & Lowe, C. F. (2000). Testing for symmetry in conditional discriminations of language-trained chimpanzees. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 73, 5-22. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2000.73-5 Epstein, R. (1983). Resurgence of previously reinforced behavior during extinction. Behaviour Analysis Letters, 3, 391-397. Epstein, R. (1985). Extinction-induced resurgence: preliminary investigations and possible applications. Psychological Record, 35, 143-153. Frank, A. J. (2007). An examination of the temporal and spatial stimulus control in emergent symmetry in pigeons. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa. Retrieved from: http://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1342&context=etd&unstamped=1 Frank, A. J. & Wasserman, E. A. (2005). Associative symmetry in the pigeon after successive matching-to-sample training. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 84, 147-165. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2005.115-04 Galvão, O. F., Calcagno, S., & Sidman, M. (1992). Testing for emergent performance in extinction. Experimental Analysis of Human Behavior Bulletin, 10, 18-20. Galvão, O. F., Barros, R. S., Santos, J. R., Brino, A. L. F., Brandão, S., Lavratti, C. M., Dube, W. V., & McIlvane, W. J. (2005). Extent and limits of the matching concept in Cebus apella: a matter of experimental control? Psychological Record, 55, 219-232. Galvão, O. F., Soares Filho, P. S. D., Barros, R. S., & Souza, C. B. A. (2008). Matching-to-sample as a model of symbolic behavior for bio-behavioral investigation. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 19, 149-156. Gray, L. (1966). Backward association in pigeons. Psychonomic Science, 4, 333-334. Harlow, H. F. (1949). The formation of learning sets. Psychological Review, 56, 51-65. doi: 10.1037/h0062474 Hayes, S. C. (1989). Nonhumans have not yet shown stimulus equivalence. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 51, 385-392. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1989.51-385 Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (2001). Relational frame theory: a post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum. Hogan, D. E. & Zentall, T. R. (1977). Backward associations in pigeon. American Journal of Psychology, 90, 3-15. doi: 10.2307/1421635 Holmes, P. W. (1979). Transfer of matching performance in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 31, 103-114. Doi: 10.1901/jeab.1979.31-103 Huziwara, E. M., Velasco, S. M., Tomanari, G. Y., de Souza, D. G., & Machado, A. (2012). Emergent relations in pigeons following training with temporal samples. Learning and Behavior, 40, 192-204. doi: 10.3758/s13420-012-0097-z Kastak, D. & Schusterman, R. J. (1994). Transfer of visual identity matching-to-sample in two California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Animal Learning and Behavior, 22, 427-435. Retrieved from: http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03209162 Keller, F. S. & Schoenfeld, W. N. (1950). Principles of psychology: a systematic text in the science of behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Lerman, D. C. & Iwata, B. A. (1996). Developing a technology for the use of operant extinction in clinical settings: an examination of basic and applied research. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 29, 345-382. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1996.29-345 Lionello-DeNolf, K. M. (2009). The search for symmetry: 25 years in review. Learning and Behavior, 37, 188-203. doi: 10.3758/LB.37.2.188. Lionello-DeNolf, K. M. & Urcuioli, P. J. (2002). Stimulus control topographies and tests of symmetry in pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 78, 467-495. doi: 10.1901/jeab.2002.78-467 Lipkens, R., Kop, P. F. M., & Matthijs, W. (1988). A test for symmetry and transitivity in the conditional discrimination performances of pigeons. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 49, 395-409. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1988.49-395 McIlvane, W. J., Serna, R. W., Dube, W. V., & Stromer, R. (2000). Stimulus control topography coherence and stimulus equivalence: reconciling test outcomes with theory. In: J. Leslie & D. E. Blackman (Eds.), Experimental and applied analysis of human behavior (pp. 85-110). Reno: Context Press. Picanço, C. R. & Barros, R. S. (2015). Symmetry evaluation by comparing acquisition of conditional relations in successive (Go/No-Go) matching-to-sample training. Psychological Record, 65, 131-139. Retrieved from: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40732-014-0096-x Schusterman, R. J. & Kastak, D. (1993). A California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) is capable of forming equivalence relations. Psychological Record, 43, 823-839. Sidman, M. (1994). Equivalence relations and behavior: a research story. Boston: Authors Cooperative. Sidman, M. (2000). 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Psychological Record, 45, 3-21.International Journal of Psychological Research - 2016info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://revistas.usb.edu.co/index.php/IJPR/article/view/2320Conditional discriminationEquivalence class formationSymmetrySapajus sppAssessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin MonkeyAssessing Symmetry by Comparing the Acquisition of Symmetric and Nonsymmetric Conditional Relations in a Capuchin MonkeyArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublicationOREORE.xmltext/xml4523https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co/bitstreams/69697ac8-405f-442b-b98d-d576d257b4e3/download7e332d1970ed95246a4ed1c85f7973d6MD5110819/25779oai:bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.co:10819/257792025-07-31 11:11:50.086https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/https://bibliotecadigital.usb.edu.coRepositorio Institucional Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombiabdigital@metabiblioteca.com

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