Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials
Objective. Determine the effect of cryogenic storage of yamú (Brycon amazonicus) sperm for one year on seminal and biochemical quality variables, as well as, on fertility and hatching under commercial farm conditions. Materials and methods. Four (n=4) mature males of Brycon amazonicus were used to o...
- Autores:
-
Medina Robles, Victor Mauricio
Barros Barrios, Owens Jose
Guaje, Diana
Suárez-Martínez, Roger Oswaldo
Mira López, Tatiana María
Ramírez Merlano, Juan Antonio
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2025
- Institución:
- Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A
- Repositorio:
- Repositorio Institucional UDCA
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:repository.udca.edu.co:11158/6762
- Acceso en línea:
- https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/6762
https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3601
https://repository.udca.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::639 - Caza, pesca, conservación, tecnologías relacionadas
Peces
Yamú Brycon amazonicus
Motilidad espermática
Criopreservación
Fertilidad
Especie endémica
Pez de agua dulce
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode.es
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| dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv |
Crioalmacenamiento a largo término de semen de yamú Brycon amazonicus y ensayos a escala comercial |
| title |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| spellingShingle |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials 630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::639 - Caza, pesca, conservación, tecnologías relacionadas Peces Yamú Brycon amazonicus Motilidad espermática Criopreservación Fertilidad Especie endémica Pez de agua dulce |
| title_short |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| title_full |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| title_fullStr |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| title_sort |
Long-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trials |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Medina Robles, Victor Mauricio Barros Barrios, Owens Jose Guaje, Diana Suárez-Martínez, Roger Oswaldo Mira López, Tatiana María Ramírez Merlano, Juan Antonio |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Medina Robles, Victor Mauricio Barros Barrios, Owens Jose Guaje, Diana Suárez-Martínez, Roger Oswaldo |
| dc.contributor.author.spa.fl_str_mv |
Mira López, Tatiana María Ramírez Merlano, Juan Antonio |
| dc.subject.ddc.none.fl_str_mv |
630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::639 - Caza, pesca, conservación, tecnologías relacionadas |
| topic |
630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::639 - Caza, pesca, conservación, tecnologías relacionadas Peces Yamú Brycon amazonicus Motilidad espermática Criopreservación Fertilidad Especie endémica Pez de agua dulce |
| dc.subject.lemb.none.fl_str_mv |
Peces |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Yamú Brycon amazonicus Motilidad espermática |
| dc.subject.agrovoc.none.fl_str_mv |
Criopreservación Fertilidad Especie endémica Pez de agua dulce |
| description |
Objective. Determine the effect of cryogenic storage of yamú (Brycon amazonicus) sperm for one year on seminal and biochemical quality variables, as well as, on fertility and hatching under commercial farm conditions. Materials and methods. Four (n=4) mature males of Brycon amazonicus were used to obtain semen, and the fresh sperm (FS) was processed individually using a diluent composed of 5.5% glucose, 12% egg yolk and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, packed in 5.0 ml macrotubes and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen vapors. Semen evaluation was performed after cryo-storage for 1 and 12 m. Fertility and hatching tests were carried out on commercial farms using 12 m cryostored semen, FS was used as a control. Results. Semen quality variables such as duration of motility and viability did not show significant differences (p>0.05) between cryostorage times or when compared with FS. The concentration of ATP in FS spermatozoa was the highest, being only significantly different with the cryo-storage time of 1 month. The Total Antioxidant Capacity showed significant differences between treatments (p<0.05), being the highest for FS. Fertility and hatching using semen cryostored for 12 months showed very acceptable values (64.16±5.06% and 50.42±8.10%, respectively). Conclusions. The present work demonstrated the possibility of long-term cryo-storage of Brycon amazonicus sperm, being effective for use under commercial farm conditions. |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-10-28T19:59:06Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-10-28T19:59:06Z |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2025 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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Text |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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Medina Robles, V. M. ., Barros Barrios, O. J. ., Mira López, T. M. ., Guaje Ramírez, D. N. ., Suárez Martínez, R. O. ., & Ramírez Merlano, J. A. . (2025). Crioalmacenamiento a largo término de semen de yamú Brycon amazonicus y ensayos a escala comercial. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 30(3), e3601. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3601 |
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0122-0268 |
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https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/6762 |
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https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3601 |
| dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv |
1909-0544 |
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Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales |
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UDCA |
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https://repository.udca.edu.co/ |
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Medina Robles, V. M. ., Barros Barrios, O. J. ., Mira López, T. M. ., Guaje Ramírez, D. N. ., Suárez Martínez, R. O. ., & Ramírez Merlano, J. A. . (2025). Crioalmacenamiento a largo término de semen de yamú Brycon amazonicus y ensayos a escala comercial. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 30(3), e3601. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3601 0122-0268 1909-0544 Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales UDCA |
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https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/6762 https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.3601 https://repository.udca.edu.co/ |
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eng |
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eng |
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LaReferencia |
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(2025) e3601 |
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11 |
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3 |
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1 |
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30 |
| dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista MVZ Cordoba |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode.es |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) |
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http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode.es https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
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application/pdf |
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Medina Robles, Victor Mauriciovirtual::1029-1Barros Barrios, Owens Josevirtual::1031-1Guaje, Dianavirtual::1032-1Suárez-Martínez, Roger Oswaldovirtual::1033-1Mira López, Tatiana MaríaRamírez Merlano, Juan Antonio2025-10-28T19:59:06Z2025-10-28T19:59:06Z2025Medina Robles, V. M. ., Barros Barrios, O. J. ., Mira López, T. M. ., Guaje Ramírez, D. N. ., Suárez Martínez, R. O. ., & Ramírez Merlano, J. A. . (2025). Crioalmacenamiento a largo término de semen de yamú Brycon amazonicus y ensayos a escala comercial. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 30(3), e3601. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.36010122-0268https://repository.udca.edu.co/handle/11158/6762https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.36011909-0544Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y AmbientalesUDCAhttps://repository.udca.edu.co/Objective. Determine the effect of cryogenic storage of yamú (Brycon amazonicus) sperm for one year on seminal and biochemical quality variables, as well as, on fertility and hatching under commercial farm conditions. Materials and methods. Four (n=4) mature males of Brycon amazonicus were used to obtain semen, and the fresh sperm (FS) was processed individually using a diluent composed of 5.5% glucose, 12% egg yolk and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, packed in 5.0 ml macrotubes and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen vapors. Semen evaluation was performed after cryo-storage for 1 and 12 m. Fertility and hatching tests were carried out on commercial farms using 12 m cryostored semen, FS was used as a control. Results. Semen quality variables such as duration of motility and viability did not show significant differences (p>0.05) between cryostorage times or when compared with FS. The concentration of ATP in FS spermatozoa was the highest, being only significantly different with the cryo-storage time of 1 month. The Total Antioxidant Capacity showed significant differences between treatments (p<0.05), being the highest for FS. Fertility and hatching using semen cryostored for 12 months showed very acceptable values (64.16±5.06% and 50.42±8.10%, respectively). Conclusions. The present work demonstrated the possibility of long-term cryo-storage of Brycon amazonicus sperm, being effective for use under commercial farm conditions.Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del almacenamiento criogénico del semen de yamú (Brycon amazonicus) durante un año sobre variables de calidad seminal y bioquímicas, así como, sobre la fertilidad y eclosión bajo condiciones de granjas comerciales. Materiales y métodos. Para la obtención del semen fueron utilizados cuatro (n=4) machos maduros de Brycon amazonicus, y el semen fresco (SF) fue procesado individualmente usando un diluyente compuesto por 5.5% de glucosa, 12% de yema de huevo y 10% de dimetilsulfóxido, empacado en macrotubos de 5.0 ml y crioconservado en vapores de nitrógeno líquido. La evaluación del semen se realizó después de crioalmacenamiento por 1 y 12 m. Las pruebas de fertilidad y eclosión se realizaron en granjas comerciales usando semen crioalmacenado de 12 m, como control se usó SF. Resultados. Las variables de calidad seminal como duración de la motilidad y viabilidad no mostraron diferencias significativas (p>0.05) entre los tiempos de crioalmacenamiento ni cuando fueron comparadas con el SF. La concentración de ATP en los espermatozoides de SF fue mayor, siendo solo significativamente diferente con el tiempo de crioalmacenamiento de 1 mes. La Capacidad Antioxidante Total mostró diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos (p<0.05), siendo mayor para el SF. La fertilidad y eclosión con semen crioalmacenado por 12 meses, mostró valores aceptables (64.16±5.06% y 50.42±8.10%, respectivamente). Conclusiones. El presente trabajo demostró la posibilidad de crioalmacenar por largo tiempo el semen de Brycon amazonicus siendo la técnica factible para su uso bajo condiciones de granjas comerciales.Incluye referencias bibliográficasapplication/pdfenghttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode.eshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://revistamvz.unicordoba.edu.co/article/view/3601630 - Agricultura y tecnologías relacionadas::639 - Caza, pesca, conservación, tecnologías relacionadasPecesYamú Brycon amazonicusMotilidad espermáticaCriopreservaciónFertilidadEspecie endémicaPez de agua dulceLong-term cryostorage of yamú Brycon amazonicus sperm and commercial scale trialsCrioalmacenamiento a largo término de semen de yamú Brycon amazonicus y ensayos a escala comercialArtículo de 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jecuta públicamente en forma digital la Obra o cualquier Obra Derivada u Obra Colectiva, Usted debe mantener intacta toda la información de derecho de autor de la Obra y proporcionar, de forma razonable según el medio o manera que Usted esté utilizando: (i) el nombre del Autor Original si está provisto (o seudónimo, si fuere aplicable), y/o (ii) el nombre de la parte o las partes que el Autor Original y/o el Licenciante hubieren designado para la atribución (v.g., un instituto patrocinador, editorial, publicación) en la información de los derechos de autor del Licenciante, términos de servicios o de otras formas razonables; el título de la Obra si está provisto; en la medida de lo razonablemente factible y, si está provisto, el Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (Uniform Resource Identifier) que el Licenciante especifica para ser asociado con la Obra, salvo que tal URI no se refiera a la nota sobre los derechos de autor o a la información sobre el licenciamiento de la Obra; y en el caso de una Obra Derivada, atribuir el crédito identificando el uso de la Obra en la Obra Derivada (v.g., "Traducción Francesa de la Obra del Autor Original," o "Guión Cinematográfico basado en la Obra original del Autor Original"). Tal crédito puede ser implementado de cualquier forma razonable; en el caso, sin embargo, de Obras Derivadas u Obras Colectivas, tal crédito aparecerá, como mínimo, donde aparece el crédito de cualquier otro autor comparable y de una manera, al menos, tan destacada como el crédito de otro autor comparable.</li>
      <li>
        Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra es una composición musical:
        <ol type="i">
          <li>Regalías por interpretación y ejecución bajo licencias generales. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública o la ejecución pública digital de la obra y de recolectar, sea individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, SAYCO), las regalías por la ejecución pública o por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo Webcast) licenciada bajo licencias generales, si la interpretación o ejecución de la obra está primordialmente orientada por o dirigida a la obtención de una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
          <li>Regalías por Fonogramas. El Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, los consagrados por la SAYCO), una agencia de derechos musicales o algún agente designado, las regalías por cualquier fonograma que Usted cree a partir de la obra (“versión cover”) y distribuya, en los términos del régimen de derechos de autor, si la creación o distribución de esa versión cover está primordialmente destinada o dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
        </ol>
      </li>
      <li>Gestión de Derechos de Autor sobre Interpretaciones y Ejecuciones Digitales (WebCasting). Para evitar toda confusión, el Licenciante aclara que, cuando la obra sea un fonograma, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho exclusivo de autorizar la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast) y de recolectar, individualmente o a través de una sociedad de gestión colectiva de derechos de autor y derechos conexos (por ejemplo, ACINPRO), las regalías por la ejecución pública digital de la obra (por ejemplo, webcast), sujeta a las disposiciones aplicables del régimen de Derecho de Autor, si esta ejecución pública digital está primordialmente dirigida a obtener una ventaja comercial o una compensación monetaria privada.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Representaciones, Garantías y Limitaciones de Responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LAS PARTES LO ACORDARAN DE OTRA FORMA POR ESCRITO, EL LICENCIANTE OFRECE LA OBRA (EN EL ESTADO EN EL QUE SE ENCUENTRA) “TAL CUAL”, SIN BRINDAR GARANTÍAS DE CLASE ALGUNA RESPECTO DE LA OBRA, YA SEA EXPRESA, IMPLÍCITA, LEGAL O CUALQUIERA OTRA, INCLUYENDO, SIN LIMITARSE A ELLAS, GARANTÍAS DE TITULARIDAD, COMERCIABILIDAD, ADAPTABILIDAD O ADECUACIÓN A PROPÓSITO DETERMINADO, AUSENCIA DE INFRACCIÓN, DE AUSENCIA DE DEFECTOS LATENTES O DE OTRO TIPO, O LA PRESENCIA O AUSENCIA DE ERRORES, SEAN O NO DESCUBRIBLES (PUEDAN O NO SER ESTOS DESCUBIERTOS). ALGUNAS JURISDICCIONES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE GARANTÍAS IMPLÍCITAS, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Limitación de responsabilidad.
    <p>A MENOS QUE LO EXIJA EXPRESAMENTE LA LEY APLICABLE, EL LICENCIANTE NO SERÁ RESPONSABLE ANTE USTED POR DAÑO ALGUNO, SEA POR RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL, PRECONTRACTUAL O CONTRACTUAL, OBJETIVA O SUBJETIVA, SE TRATE DE DAÑOS MORALES O PATRIMONIALES, DIRECTOS O INDIRECTOS, PREVISTOS O IMPREVISTOS PRODUCIDOS POR EL USO DE ESTA LICENCIA O DE LA OBRA, AUN CUANDO EL LICENCIANTE HAYA SIDO ADVERTIDO DE LA POSIBILIDAD DE DICHOS DAÑOS. ALGUNAS LEYES NO PERMITEN LA EXCLUSIÓN DE CIERTA RESPONSABILIDAD, EN CUYO CASO ESTA EXCLUSIÓN PUEDE NO APLICARSE A USTED.</p>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Término.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Esta Licencia y los derechos otorgados en virtud de ella terminarán automáticamente si Usted infringe alguna condición establecida en ella. Sin embargo, los individuos o entidades que han recibido Obras Derivadas o Colectivas de Usted de conformidad con esta Licencia, no verán terminadas sus licencias, siempre que estos individuos o entidades sigan cumpliendo íntegramente las condiciones de estas licencias. Las Secciones 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, y 8 subsistirán a cualquier terminación de esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Sujeta a las condiciones y términos anteriores, la licencia otorgada aquí es perpetua (durante el período de vigencia de los derechos de autor de la obra). No obstante lo anterior, el Licenciante se reserva el derecho a publicar y/o estrenar la Obra bajo condiciones de licencia diferentes o a dejar de distribuirla en los términos de esta Licencia en cualquier momento; en el entendido, sin embargo, que esa elección no servirá para revocar esta licencia o que deba ser otorgada , bajo los términos de esta licencia), y esta licencia continuará en pleno vigor y efecto a menos que sea terminada como se expresa atrás. La Licencia revocada continuará siendo plenamente vigente y efectiva si no se le da término en las condiciones indicadas anteriormente.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
  <li>
    Varios.
    <ol type="a">
      <li>Cada vez que Usted distribuya o ponga a disposición pública la Obra o una Obra Colectiva, el Licenciante ofrecerá al destinatario una licencia en los mismos términos y condiciones que la licencia otorgada a Usted bajo esta Licencia.</li>
      <li>Si alguna disposición de esta Licencia resulta invalidada o no exigible, según la legislación vigente, esto no afectará ni la validez ni la aplicabilidad del resto de condiciones de esta Licencia y, sin acción adicional por parte de los sujetos de este acuerdo, aquélla se entenderá reformada lo mínimo necesario para hacer que dicha disposición sea válida y exigible.</li>
      <li>Ningún término o disposición de esta Licencia se estimará renunciada y ninguna violación de ella será consentida a menos que esa renuncia o consentimiento sea otorgado por escrito y firmado por la parte que renuncie o consienta.</li>
      <li>Esta Licencia refleja el acuerdo pleno entre las partes respecto a la Obra aquí licenciada. No hay arreglos, acuerdos o declaraciones respecto a la Obra que no estén especificados en este documento. El Licenciante no se verá limitado por ninguna disposición adicional que pueda surgir en alguna comunicación emanada de Usted. Esta Licencia no puede ser modificada sin el consentimiento mutuo por escrito del Licenciante y Usted.</li>
    </ol>
  </li>
  <br/>
</ol>
 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