Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia

The current study took place in a private Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Sincelejo-Sucre; which focus group was six last semester-learners who were around twenty and thirty years old, chosen based on pre-test results, using the two highest, the two medium, and the two lowest scores to describ...

Full description

Autores:
Restrepo Ruiz, Marisela
Álvarez Ruíz, Liliana Patricia
Martinez Bula, Ligia Rosa
Herazo Chamorro, Mónica Isabel
Tipo de recurso:
Article of investigation
Fecha de publicación:
2024
Institución:
Corporación Universitaria del Caribe - CECAR
Repositorio:
Repositorio Digital CECAR
Idioma:
eng
OAI Identifier:
oai:repositorio.cecar.edu.co:cecar/10711
Acceso en línea:
https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/handle/cecar/10711
Palabra clave:
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Genre-Based Approach (GBA)
Teaching-Learning Cycle
Reading Comprehension Skills
Reading Strategies
Rights
openAccess
License
Derechos Reservados. Corporación Universitaria del Caribe – CECAR
id RepoCECAR2_94705c40d22b1c71bb2b9a04fdf214a7
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.cecar.edu.co:cecar/10711
network_acronym_str RepoCECAR2
network_name_str Repositorio Digital CECAR
repository_id_str
dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
title Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
spellingShingle Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Genre-Based Approach (GBA)
Teaching-Learning Cycle
Reading Comprehension Skills
Reading Strategies
title_short Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
title_full Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
title_fullStr Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
title_sort Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Restrepo Ruiz, Marisela
Álvarez Ruíz, Liliana Patricia
Martinez Bula, Ligia Rosa
Herazo Chamorro, Mónica Isabel
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Restrepo Ruiz, Marisela
Álvarez Ruíz, Liliana Patricia
Martinez Bula, Ligia Rosa
Herazo Chamorro, Mónica Isabel
dc.contributor.researchgroup.none.fl_str_mv Investigadores de educación a distancia (IDEAD)
dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Genre-Based Approach (GBA)
Teaching-Learning Cycle
Reading Comprehension Skills
Reading Strategies
topic English as a Foreign Language (EFL)
Genre-Based Approach (GBA)
Teaching-Learning Cycle
Reading Comprehension Skills
Reading Strategies
description The current study took place in a private Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Sincelejo-Sucre; which focus group was six last semester-learners who were around twenty and thirty years old, chosen based on pre-test results, using the two highest, the two medium, and the two lowest scores to describe how the GBA enhanced these learners’ reading comprehension skills by using expository (cause-effect) texts. To this effect, only the deconstruction stage of the aforementioned cycle was developed to expose learners to the structure, language features, common words, expressions, and organization of this type of text, which was led by the teacher in an entire modeling stage. The data was gathered using three different quantitative and qualitative techniques: two pre-tests and two post-tests were implemented, and some surveys in forms of questionnaires were done to the focus group in order to triangulate the results objectively. The results revealed the positive incidence of the GBA in the subjects’ reading comprehension levels (literal, inferential, and critical thinking), enhancing their skills individually and contributing with some other findings. To conclude, it is essential to acknowledge learners’ weaknesses and strengths, since GBA was applied taking into account their needs, interests and context.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-08-21T21:32:07Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
dc.type.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.content.none.fl_str_mv Text
dc.type.driver.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.redcol.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART
dc.type.version.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.coarversion.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
format http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.none.fl_str_mv Ruíz, M. R. ., Ruíz, L. Álvarez ., Bula, L. M., & Chamorro, M. H. . . (2024). Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehension in Higher Education in Colombia . Migration Letters, 21(5), 1341–1362. Retrieved from https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/9655
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv 1741-8984
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/handle/cecar/10711
dc.identifier.eissn.none.fl_str_mv 1741-8992
identifier_str_mv Ruíz, M. R. ., Ruíz, L. Álvarez ., Bula, L. M., & Chamorro, M. H. . . (2024). Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehension in Higher Education in Colombia . Migration Letters, 21(5), 1341–1362. Retrieved from https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/9655
1741-8984
1741-8992
url https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/handle/cecar/10711
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.citationendpage.none.fl_str_mv 1362
dc.relation.citationissue.none.fl_str_mv 4
dc.relation.citationstartpage.none.fl_str_mv 1341
dc.relation.citationvolume.none.fl_str_mv Volumen 21
dc.relation.ispartofjournal.none.fl_str_mv Migration Letters
dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv Abbaszadeh, Z. (2013). Genre-Based Approach and Second Language Syllabus Design. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 84, 1879-1884. Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042813019241
Alderson J.C. & Urquhart A.H. (1984). Reading in a Foreign Language. London: Longman Pub Group.
Alvarino, Y. & Fontalvo, L. (2017). Genre-Based Approach Pedagogy to improve reading comprehension in 8th grade students at Institución Educativa Luis R. Caparroso in Soledad –Atlántico (Master’s degree proposal). Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.
Bonyadi, A. (2012). Genre analysis of media texts. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 66, 86 –96.
Bossers, B. (1991). On Thresholds, Ceilings and Short-Circuits: The Relation between L1 Reading, L2 Reading and L2 Knowledge. In Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power, and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
Brown, J. D (2001) Using Surveys In Language Programs. In Mackey, A. & Gass, S. (2005). Second Language Research Methodology And Design. Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc. New York.
Byram, M. (Ed.). (2004). Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning. London, UK: Routledge.
Cain, K., Oakhill, J., & Bryant, P. (2004). Children’s reading comprehension ability. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.
Caracelli, V.J., & Greene, J.C. (1993). Data analysis strategies for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 15, 195–207.
Chappell, P. (2004). A Genre Based Approach to Developing Oral skill in an Adult Thai EFL Context, a paper presented at the Fifth Pan-Asian Conference on Language Teaching at FEELTA, Vladivostok, Rusia. Retrieved from http://homepage.mac.com/phil chappel?PC/genre.html.
Chica, A. (2017). El 44% de los ‘primíparos’, con dificultad para entender un texto. El Heraldo. 5 Enero, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.elheraldo.co/entretenimiento/el-44-de-los-primiparos-con-dificultad-para-entender-un-texto-316927
Creswell, W. J. (2014). Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. London, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SAGE publications, Inc.
Derewianka, B. (1990). Exploring how texts work. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.
Derewianka, B. (2003). Trends and issues in genre-based approaches. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.
Eggins, S. (2004). Genre: Context of culture in text. En Eggins, S. (2nd Ed.) An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics (pp.70-84). New York, United States-London, England: Continuum International Publishing Group.
Feez, S., & Joyce, H. (1998). Text-based syllabus design. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.
Goodman, K. (1996). On Reading. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. pp. 118-125 1361Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in Colombia
Hagaman, J. & Reid, R. (2008). The Effects of the Paraphrasing Strategy on the Reading Comprehension of Middle School Students at Risk for Failure in Reading. Remedial and Special Education. Volume 29, Number 4.
Haller, L. (2000). Modeling class activities for low-level literacy learners. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62.
Harmer, J. (1998). How to teach English. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited: Longman.
Hedge, T. (2003). Teaching and learning in the language classroom. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.
Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), p.109-126.
Hyon, S. (2001). Long-Term Effects of Genre-based Instruction: A Follow-Up Study of an EAP Reading Course. English for Specific Purposes, Vol.20, 417-438.
Johns, A.M. (2002). Genre in the classroom: Multiple perspectives. New Jersey, United States. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course Through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62.
Krashen, S. (2004). The Power of Reading. Second edition. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Publishing Company.
Mackey, A & Gass, S. (2005) Second Language Research Methodology And Design Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc. New York.
Martin, J. R. (2009). Genre and language learning: A social semiotic perspective. Linguistic and Education, 20(1), 10-21. In Alvarino, Y. & Fontalvo, L. (2017). Genre -based approach pedagogy to improve reading comprehension in 8th grade students at Institución Educativa Luis R. Caparroso in Soledad –Atlántico (Master’s degree proposal). Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.
McNamara, D. S. (Ed.). (2007). Reading comprehension strategies: Theories, interventions, and technologies. Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Ness, M. (2007). Reading Comprehension Strategies in Secondary Content Area Classrooms: Teacher Use of and Attitudes towards Reading Comprehension Instruction. Reading Horizons. Volume 49, Issue 2, p. 60.
Quiroga, C. (2010). Promoting Tenth Graders’ Reading Comprehension of Academic Texts in the English Class. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, [S.l.], p. 11-32, ISSN 2256-5760.
Redacción Educación. (2016). El preocupante informe sobre el nivel de lectura y escritura de los primíparos del país. El Espectador. 24 Noviembre, 2016. Retrieved from https://www.elespectador.com/noticias/educacion/el-preocupante-informe-sobre-el-nivel-de-lectura-y-escr-articulo-667282
Rodríguez, A. (2017). Reading comprehension course through a genre-oriented approach at a school in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.
Rose, D. (2004). Learning to read, reading to learn. In Rodríguez Sánchez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331
Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (2003) Handbook of Mixed Methods In Social And Behavioral Research. SAGE publications. California.
Ulker, U. (2017). Reading comprehension strategies. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies. English Language Teaching Department, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq. Vol.4, No.3. Doi: 10.23918/ijsses.v4i3p140
Usó, E. and Martínez, A. (2006) Studies on Language Acquisition [SOLA]: Current Trends in the Development and Teaching of the four Language Skills. Berlin/Boston, Gruyter Mouton.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. In Herazo Rivera, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126
Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Thought and language. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.
Wahyu, D. (2015). The implementation of genre -based approach in teaching reading: A case study at SMPN 17 in Pekanbaru. Journal English Language Teaching (ELT) Volume 1. Language Education Program, State University of Padang.
Wood, D., Bruner, J., & Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.
dc.rights.spa.fl_str_mv Derechos Reservados. Corporación Universitaria del Caribe – CECAR
dc.rights.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rights.license.none.fl_str_mv Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)
dc.rights.accessrights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.coar.none.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
rights_invalid_str_mv Derechos Reservados. Corporación Universitaria del Caribe – CECAR
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 22 páginas
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.place.none.fl_str_mv Colombia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/9655
institution Corporación Universitaria del Caribe - CECAR
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/2f8be809-d551-4833-b777-32b1da3691e0/download
https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/14a352b8-847a-46d0-beb6-0a6164f02b58/download
https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/49f163d8-71bd-404b-8b9a-2a9e6ffc714d/download
https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/6035ea76-e230-4665-9fee-1682ff8be12e/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv ad1470ecb0dc35b679f98a8e5a0096f3
b76e7a76e24cf2f94b3ce0ae5ed275d0
b893dffef9cc3baec9b1c5314667a50c
47c4cfe1bc1170e58cc8f94778b1a302
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Digital de la Corporación Universitaria Del Caribe (Cecar)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv biblioteca@cecar.edu.co
_version_ 1851054141791535104
spelling Restrepo Ruiz, Mariselavirtual::178-1Álvarez Ruíz, Liliana Patriciavirtual::179-1Martinez Bula, Ligia Rosavirtual::180-1Herazo Chamorro, Mónica Isabelvirtual::181-1Investigadores de educación a distancia (IDEAD)2025-08-21T21:32:07Z2024Ruíz, M. R. ., Ruíz, L. Álvarez ., Bula, L. M., & Chamorro, M. H. . . (2024). Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehension in Higher Education in Colombia . Migration Letters, 21(5), 1341–1362. Retrieved from https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/96551741-8984https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/handle/cecar/107111741-8992The current study took place in a private Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Sincelejo-Sucre; which focus group was six last semester-learners who were around twenty and thirty years old, chosen based on pre-test results, using the two highest, the two medium, and the two lowest scores to describe how the GBA enhanced these learners’ reading comprehension skills by using expository (cause-effect) texts. To this effect, only the deconstruction stage of the aforementioned cycle was developed to expose learners to the structure, language features, common words, expressions, and organization of this type of text, which was led by the teacher in an entire modeling stage. The data was gathered using three different quantitative and qualitative techniques: two pre-tests and two post-tests were implemented, and some surveys in forms of questionnaires were done to the focus group in order to triangulate the results objectively. The results revealed the positive incidence of the GBA in the subjects’ reading comprehension levels (literal, inferential, and critical thinking), enhancing their skills individually and contributing with some other findings. To conclude, it is essential to acknowledge learners’ weaknesses and strengths, since GBA was applied taking into account their needs, interests and context.El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) privada en Sincelejo-Sucre; el grupo focal estuvo compuesto por seis estudiantes de último semestre, con edades comprendidas entre los veinte y los treinta años, elegidos en función de los resultados de una prueba previa, utilizando las dos puntuaciones más altas, las dos medias y las dos más bajas para describir cómo el ABP mejoró las habilidades de comprensión lectora de estos estudiantes mediante el uso de textos expositivos (causa-efecto). A tal efecto, sólo se desarrolló la etapa de deconstrucción del ciclo antes mencionado para exponer a los estudiantes a la estructura, las características del lenguaje, las palabras comunes, las expresiones y la organización de este tipo de texto, lo cual fue dirigido por el profesor en una etapa de modelado completo. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando tres técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas diferentes: se implementaron dos pruebas previas y dos pruebas posteriores, y se realizaron algunas encuestas en forma de cuestionarios al grupo focal con el fin de triangular los resultados objetivamente. Los resultados revelaron la incidencia positiva del ABP en los niveles de comprensión lectora de los sujetos (pensamiento literal, inferencial y crítico), mejorando sus habilidades individualmente y contribuyendo con algunos otros hallazgos. Para concluir, es esencial reconocer las debilidades y fortalezas de los estudiantes, ya que el ABP se aplicó teniendo en cuenta sus necesidades, intereses y contexto.Currículo, Interculturalidad y educación inicial.Educación Superior en el contexto internacional,Gerencia, gestión y educación ambientalLingüística, literatura, inglés y desarrollo humanoProcesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en EAD y virtual22 páginasapplication/pdfengDerechos Reservados. Corporación Universitaria del Caribe – CECARhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2https://migrationletters.com/index.php/ml/article/view/9655Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in ColombiaArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85Colombia136241341Volumen 21Migration LettersAbbaszadeh, Z. (2013). Genre-Based Approach and Second Language Syllabus Design. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 84, 1879-1884. Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042813019241Alderson J.C. & Urquhart A.H. (1984). Reading in a Foreign Language. London: Longman Pub Group.Alvarino, Y. & Fontalvo, L. (2017). Genre-Based Approach Pedagogy to improve reading comprehension in 8th grade students at Institución Educativa Luis R. Caparroso in Soledad –Atlántico (Master’s degree proposal). Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.Bonyadi, A. (2012). Genre analysis of media texts. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 66, 86 –96.Bossers, B. (1991). On Thresholds, Ceilings and Short-Circuits: The Relation between L1 Reading, L2 Reading and L2 Knowledge. In Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power, and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.Brown, J. D (2001) Using Surveys In Language Programs. In Mackey, A. & Gass, S. (2005). Second Language Research Methodology And Design. Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc. New York.Byram, M. (Ed.). (2004). Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning. London, UK: Routledge.Cain, K., Oakhill, J., & Bryant, P. (2004). Children’s reading comprehension ability. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.Caracelli, V.J., & Greene, J.C. (1993). Data analysis strategies for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 15, 195–207.Chappell, P. (2004). A Genre Based Approach to Developing Oral skill in an Adult Thai EFL Context, a paper presented at the Fifth Pan-Asian Conference on Language Teaching at FEELTA, Vladivostok, Rusia. Retrieved from http://homepage.mac.com/phil chappel?PC/genre.html.Chica, A. (2017). El 44% de los ‘primíparos’, con dificultad para entender un texto. El Heraldo. 5 Enero, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.elheraldo.co/entretenimiento/el-44-de-los-primiparos-con-dificultad-para-entender-un-texto-316927Creswell, W. J. (2014). Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. London, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. SAGE publications, Inc.Derewianka, B. (1990). Exploring how texts work. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.Derewianka, B. (2003). Trends and issues in genre-based approaches. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.Eggins, S. (2004). Genre: Context of culture in text. En Eggins, S. (2nd Ed.) An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics (pp.70-84). New York, United States-London, England: Continuum International Publishing Group.Feez, S., & Joyce, H. (1998). Text-based syllabus design. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.Goodman, K. (1996). On Reading. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. pp. 118-125 1361Implementing GBA to improve Reading Comprehensionin Higher Education in ColombiaHagaman, J. & Reid, R. (2008). The Effects of the Paraphrasing Strategy on the Reading Comprehension of Middle School Students at Risk for Failure in Reading. Remedial and Special Education. Volume 29, Number 4.Haller, L. (2000). Modeling class activities for low-level literacy learners. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62.Harmer, J. (1998). How to teach English. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited: Longman.Hedge, T. (2003). Teaching and learning in the language classroom. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), p.109-126.Hyon, S. (2001). Long-Term Effects of Genre-based Instruction: A Follow-Up Study of an EAP Reading Course. English for Specific Purposes, Vol.20, 417-438.Johns, A.M. (2002). Genre in the classroom: Multiple perspectives. New Jersey, United States. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. In Rodríguez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course Through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62.Krashen, S. (2004). The Power of Reading. Second edition. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann Publishing Company.Mackey, A & Gass, S. (2005) Second Language Research Methodology And Design Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc. New York.Martin, J. R. (2009). Genre and language learning: A social semiotic perspective. Linguistic and Education, 20(1), 10-21. In Alvarino, Y. & Fontalvo, L. (2017). Genre -based approach pedagogy to improve reading comprehension in 8th grade students at Institución Educativa Luis R. Caparroso in Soledad –Atlántico (Master’s degree proposal). Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia.McNamara, D. S. (Ed.). (2007). Reading comprehension strategies: Theories, interventions, and technologies. Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.Ness, M. (2007). Reading Comprehension Strategies in Secondary Content Area Classrooms: Teacher Use of and Attitudes towards Reading Comprehension Instruction. Reading Horizons. Volume 49, Issue 2, p. 60.Quiroga, C. (2010). Promoting Tenth Graders’ Reading Comprehension of Academic Texts in the English Class. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, [S.l.], p. 11-32, ISSN 2256-5760.Redacción Educación. (2016). El preocupante informe sobre el nivel de lectura y escritura de los primíparos del país. El Espectador. 24 Noviembre, 2016. Retrieved from https://www.elespectador.com/noticias/educacion/el-preocupante-informe-sobre-el-nivel-de-lectura-y-escr-articulo-667282Rodríguez, A. (2017). Reading comprehension course through a genre-oriented approach at a school in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331.Rose, D. (2004). Learning to read, reading to learn. In Rodríguez Sánchez, A. (2017) Reading Comprehension Course through a Genre-Oriented Approach at a School in Colombia. HOW, 24(2), 35-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19183/how.24.2.331Tashakkori, A. & Teddlie, C. (2003) Handbook of Mixed Methods In Social And Behavioral Research. SAGE publications. California.Ulker, U. (2017). Reading comprehension strategies. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies. English Language Teaching Department, Ishik University, Erbil, Iraq. Vol.4, No.3. Doi: 10.23918/ijsses.v4i3p140Usó, E. and Martínez, A. (2006) Studies on Language Acquisition [SOLA]: Current Trends in the Development and Teaching of the four Language Skills. Berlin/Boston, Gruyter Mouton.Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. In Herazo Rivera, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126Vygotsky, L. S. (1986). Thought and language. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.Wahyu, D. (2015). The implementation of genre -based approach in teaching reading: A case study at SMPN 17 in Pekanbaru. Journal English Language Teaching (ELT) Volume 1. Language Education Program, State University of Padang.Wood, D., Bruner, J., & Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. In Herazo, J. (2012). Using a genre-based approach to promote oral communication in the Colombian English classroom. Applied Linguistics (14), pp.109-126.English as a Foreign Language (EFL)Genre-Based Approach (GBA)Teaching-Learning CycleReading Comprehension SkillsReading StrategiesPublication60bdd55b-91ad-4989-af08-54601c90a9b9virtual::178-13e5836be-7838-48f2-b601-10971b3cdf13virtual::179-1f31cb530-6138-4e09-a475-d9641a961652virtual::180-156ff4a49-b503-44c1-a2f6-e720c793bfa1virtual::181-160bdd55b-91ad-4989-af08-54601c90a9b9virtual::178-13e5836be-7838-48f2-b601-10971b3cdf13virtual::179-1f31cb530-6138-4e09-a475-d9641a961652virtual::180-156ff4a49-b503-44c1-a2f6-e720c793bfa1virtual::181-1ORIGINALmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdfmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdfapplication/pdf490490https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/2f8be809-d551-4833-b777-32b1da3691e0/downloadad1470ecb0dc35b679f98a8e5a0096f3MD51trueAnonymousREADLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-814837https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/14a352b8-847a-46d0-beb6-0a6164f02b58/downloadb76e7a76e24cf2f94b3ce0ae5ed275d0MD52falseAnonymousREADTEXTmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdf.txtmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain73938https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/49f163d8-71bd-404b-8b9a-2a9e6ffc714d/downloadb893dffef9cc3baec9b1c5314667a50cMD53falseAnonymousREADTHUMBNAILmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdf.jpgmleditor,+iss+5+97.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg13670https://repositorio.cecar.edu.co/bitstreams/6035ea76-e230-4665-9fee-1682ff8be12e/download47c4cfe1bc1170e58cc8f94778b1a302MD54falseAnonymousREADcecar/10711oai:repositorio.cecar.edu.co:cecar/107112025-09-17 16:43:07.27https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Derechos Reservados. Corporación Universitaria del Caribe – CECARopen.accesshttps://repositorio.cecar.edu.coRepositorio Digital de la Corporación Universitaria Del Caribe (Cecar)biblioteca@cecar.edu.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