Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.

El presente trabajo de grado recopila información sobre los requerimientos nutricionales de las madres lactantes, destacando los nutrientes críticos necesarios durante la lactancia. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es establecer recomendaciones nutricionales específicas para mujeres lacta...

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Autores:
Valencia Romero, Heily
Tipo de recurso:
Fecha de publicación:
2024
Institución:
Universidad Libre
Repositorio:
RIU - Repositorio Institucional UniLibre
Idioma:
OAI Identifier:
oai:repository.unilibre.edu.co:10901/30374
Acceso en línea:
https://hdl.handle.net/10901/30374
Palabra clave:
Nutrición materna
Nutrición en lactancia
Nutrición Postparto
Maternal nutrition
Lactation nutrition
Postpartum nutrition
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openAccess
License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/
id RULIBRE2_8957ae43b86c19ddcaad5c2e10debe38
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.unilibre.edu.co:10901/30374
network_acronym_str RULIBRE2
network_name_str RIU - Repositorio Institucional UniLibre
repository_id_str
dc.title.spa.fl_str_mv Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
title Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
spellingShingle Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
Nutrición materna
Nutrición en lactancia
Nutrición Postparto
Maternal nutrition
Lactation nutrition
Postpartum nutrition
title_short Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
title_full Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
title_fullStr Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
title_full_unstemmed Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
title_sort Nutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.
dc.creator.fl_str_mv Valencia Romero, Heily
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Espinal, Olga
dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv Valencia Romero, Heily
dc.subject.spa.fl_str_mv Nutrición materna
Nutrición en lactancia
Nutrición Postparto
topic Nutrición materna
Nutrición en lactancia
Nutrición Postparto
Maternal nutrition
Lactation nutrition
Postpartum nutrition
dc.subject.subjectenglish.spa.fl_str_mv Maternal nutrition
Lactation nutrition
Postpartum nutrition
description El presente trabajo de grado recopila información sobre los requerimientos nutricionales de las madres lactantes, destacando los nutrientes críticos necesarios durante la lactancia. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es establecer recomendaciones nutricionales específicas para mujeres lactantes, con el propósito de integrar esta información en una aplicación de apoyo que sirva como fuente informativa para intervenciones nutricionales y para las propias madres lactantes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, en los últimos años, la mayoría de las investigaciones se han centrado en la alimentación materna durante la gestación, correlacionándola con la edad gestacional y evaluando los nutrientes críticos durante este período. Sin embargo, estas investigaciones suelen extender las recomendaciones de la madre gestante a la madre lactante sin ofrecer pautas específicas para esta etapa. A pesar de ello, se identificaron y detallaron los requerimientos nutricionales particulares para las madres lactantes. Las conclusiones indican que este trabajo, al proporcionar una guía nutricional detallada para la mujer lactante, aclara los requerimientos nutricionales necesarios según el estado nutricional de cada madre. Esta guía tiene importantes implicaciones tanto para la práctica de intervenciones nutricionales como para el desarrollo teórico en el campo. Además, establece una base sólida para futuras intervenciones nutricionales dirigidas a madres lactantes.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-29T19:30:38Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-29T19:30:38Z
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2024-11-29
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dc.type.local.spa.fl_str_mv Tesis de Pregrado
dc.type.driver.spa.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10901/30374
url https://hdl.handle.net/10901/30374
dc.relation.references.spa.fl_str_mv 1. Prentice, Andrew M. “Breastfeeding in the Modern World.” Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 78, no. Suppl. 2, 2022, pp. 29–38, https://doi.org/10.1159/000524354.
2. Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, Icbf. “Guías Alimentarias Para Gestante Y Madres Lactantes.”2013.
3. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Normatividad Resolución 3803. 2016.
4. Rio-Aige, Karla, et al. “The Breast Milk Immunoglobulinome.” Nutrients, vol. 13, no. 6, 26 May 2021, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230140/, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061810.
5. Basak, Sanjay, et al. “Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Status during Pregnancy and Its Impact on Infant Neurodevelopment.” Nutrients, vol. 12, no. 12, 25 Nov. 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123615.
6. Muñoz, Yasna, et al. “Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Milk in the First Months of Life: A Narrative Review.” Nutrición Hospitalaria, 2021, https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.03486. Accessed 24 Oct. 2021.
7. Revista Argentina de Salud Pública. “Lactancia materna exclusiva y su relación con el estado nutricional de vitamina a del binomio madre-hijo”. 26 Nov. 2020.
8. National Institute of Health, NIH. “Datos de La Vitamina A Y Los Carotenoides”. 15 June 2022.
9. Xi, Yuandi, et al. “Vitamin E Concentration in Breast Milk in Different Periods of Lactation: Meta-Analysis.” Frontiers in Nutrition, vol. 9, 10 Nov. 2022, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1050011. Accessed 15 Oct. 2023.
10. Tijerina-Sáenz, A, et al. “Antioxidant Capacity of Human Milk and Its Association with Vitamins a and E and Fatty Acid Composition.” Acta Pediátrica, vol. 98, no. 11, Nov. 2009, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01437.x. Accessed 16 Mar. 2022.
11. Cullers, Andrea, et al. “Effect of Prenatal Calcium Supplementation on Bone during Pregnancy and 1 Y Postpartum.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 109, no. 1, 1 Jan. 2019, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30649176/, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy233.
12. Beery AK, Jackson B, Halstead E, Windorski SM, Chimamaka Nnodim-Amadi, Upin E. Acute decrease in mothers’ cortisol following nursing and milk expression. Hormones and behavior. 2023 Jul 1; 153:105387–7.
13. Kiełbasa, Anna, et al. “The Content of Selected Omega-3 Free Fatty Acids in Breast Milk Samples and Their Interactions with Macronutrients as Well as Personal Characteristics of Mothers.” International Dairy Journal, vol. 148, 1 Jan. 2024, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0958694623002224#:~:text=%CE%B1%2DLinolenic%20acid%20(ALA%2C, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105803.
14. Kim, Su Yeong, and Dae Yong Yi. “Components of Human Breast Milk: From Macronutrient to Microbiome and MicroRNA.” Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, vol. 63, no. 8, 15 Aug. 2020, pp. 301–309, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7402982/, https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2020.00059.
15. Perrella, Sharon, et al. “Human Milk Composition Promotes Optimal Infant Growth, Development and Health.” Seminars in Perinatology, vol. 45, no. 2, Mar. 2021, p. 151380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151380.
16. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: OPS; c2024 [citado 2024 Nov 11]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/temas/lactancia-materna-alimentacion-complementaria.
17. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Nutrición [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: OPS; c2024 [citado 2024 Nov 11]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/temas/nutricion.
18. McNulty S. The evolution of mammalian lactation: from platypus to human. J Mammal Evol. 2015;22(3):273-90.
19. Rothman BK. The tentative connection: the breast and the bottle in the history of modern lactation. In: The history of breastfeeding in the modern world: a global perspective. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 2007. p.
20. Victora, C. G., Bahl, R., Barros, A. J., et al. (2016). Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 387(10017), 475-490.
21. Mackie, A. R., & Pfeffer, P. L. (2005). Developmental aspects of mammary gland physiology and function. Journal of Dairy Science, 88(4), 1160-1171.
22. Sampson, M., & Rey, S. (2012). Maternal diet and breast milk composition: Implications for infant health. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 66(1), 58-64.
23. Kuhn, L., et al. (2020). Maternal nutritional needs during lactation: a review of recent recommendations and guidelines. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 82, 108401
24. Elango, R., et al. (2021). Caloric and protein requirements of lactating women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Nutrition, 151(10), 3059-3070.
25. Liu, Y., et al. (2022). The role of maternal carbohydrate intake during lactation on breast milk composition and infant health. Nutrients, 14(6), 1238.
26. Caro, G., et al. (2023). Dietary fats and maternal health during lactation: Implications for breast milk composition and infant health. Nutrients, 15(2), 420.
27. Lacroix, M., et al. (2022). Recent advances in the understanding of breast milk composition and its potential health implications for mother and infant. Nutrients, 14(9), 1892.
28. Schanler, R. J., et al. (2020). The Composition and Function of Human Milk: The Importance of Colostrum in Infant Health. Journal of Pediatrics, 228, 1-10.
29. Hassiotou, F., et al. (2021). Breast milk composition: Nutrients and bioactive factors. Early Human Development, 155, 105317.
30. Zhu, W., et al. (2021). The Proteins of Human Milk: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Literature. Advances in Nutrition, 12(6), 1716-1728.
31. Vincenzo, M., et al. (2020). Lactoferrin in Human Milk: Antimicrobial and Immunological Properties. Journal of Human Lactation, 36(3), 420-428.
32. Hernández-Cordero, L. C., et al. (2023). Caseins and Whey Proteins in Human Milk: Composition, Bioactive Functions, and Clinical Implications. Food Research International, 156, 111127.
33. Cui, Y., et al. (2020). Lipids in Human Milk: From Composition to Health Implications. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 81, 108365.
34. Ramírez-Santana, C., et al. (2022). Fatty Acids in Human Milk: Their Influence on Infant Health and Development. Advances in Nutrition, 13(2), 257-270.
35. Bode, L., et al. (2020). Human Milk Carbohydrates: Structure, Function, and Impact on Infant Health. Annual Review of Nutrition, 40, 173-195.
36. Bode, L. (2020). Carbohydrates in Human Milk: Lactose and Oligosaccharides and Their Role in Infant Nutrition. Nutrients, 12(6), 1777.
37. Yu, Z., et al. (2020). Impact of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Infant Gut Microbiota and Immunity. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 8, 567042.
38. Li, D., et al. (2020). Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy and Lactation: An Update. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 39(5), 375-380.
39. Wadhwa, P. D., et al. (2023). Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Breast Milk Composition and Infant Health Outcomes:Maternal & Child Nutrition, 19(2), e13123.
40. Simopoulos, A. P. (2020). The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Maternal and Infant Health. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74(1), 2-10.
41. World Health Organization. Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6-59 months of age. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
42. Jiang, Y., et al. (2020). Dietary Sources of Vitamin A and Their Contribution to Total Intake in the U.S. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 120(4), 637-645.
43. Houghton, L. A., et al. (2020). The Role of Vitamin E in the Maternal Diet: Implications for Infant Health. Nutrients, 12(9), 2839.
44. Pereira, P. M., et al. (2020). Calcium Intake During Lactation and Infant Health: A Review of Maternal and Infant Nutritional Needs. Nutrients, 12(5), 1492.
45. Pannaraj, P. S., et al. (2017). The Human Milk Microbiome: A New Frontier in Understanding the Role of Breastfeeding in Health. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 20(3), 157-162.
46. Martin, R., et al. (2019). The Role of Breast Milk Microbiome in the Development of the Infant Gut Microbiota and Immune System. Clinical Nutrition, 38(6), 2464-2475.
47. Frese, S. A., et al. (2021). Microbial Communities in Human Milk: Mechanisms for Infant Health and Disease Prevention. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 9, 758743.
48. Nicolson, R., & Baker, M. (2019). The role of breast milk in the regulation of infant neuroendocrine systems: Implications for infant development. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 281.
49. Heine, C., & Soni, S. (2021). Breastfeeding and neuroendocrine regulation in early childhood: Implications for lifelong health. Pediatrics, 148(2), e2021052072.
50. Briatico-Vangosa, F., & Martins, M. (2021). Maternal nutrition: A focus on pregnancy versus lactation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1923.
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spelling Espinal, OlgaValencia Romero, HeilyPereira2024-11-29T19:30:38Z2024-11-29T19:30:38Z2024-11-29https://hdl.handle.net/10901/30374El presente trabajo de grado recopila información sobre los requerimientos nutricionales de las madres lactantes, destacando los nutrientes críticos necesarios durante la lactancia. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es establecer recomendaciones nutricionales específicas para mujeres lactantes, con el propósito de integrar esta información en una aplicación de apoyo que sirva como fuente informativa para intervenciones nutricionales y para las propias madres lactantes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, en los últimos años, la mayoría de las investigaciones se han centrado en la alimentación materna durante la gestación, correlacionándola con la edad gestacional y evaluando los nutrientes críticos durante este período. Sin embargo, estas investigaciones suelen extender las recomendaciones de la madre gestante a la madre lactante sin ofrecer pautas específicas para esta etapa. A pesar de ello, se identificaron y detallaron los requerimientos nutricionales particulares para las madres lactantes. Las conclusiones indican que este trabajo, al proporcionar una guía nutricional detallada para la mujer lactante, aclara los requerimientos nutricionales necesarios según el estado nutricional de cada madre. Esta guía tiene importantes implicaciones tanto para la práctica de intervenciones nutricionales como para el desarrollo teórico en el campo. Además, establece una base sólida para futuras intervenciones nutricionales dirigidas a madres lactantes.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereira -- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Exactas y Naturales -- Nutrición y DietéticaThis thesis compiles information on the nutritional requirements of breastfeeding mothers, highlighting the critical nutrients needed during lactation. The primary objective of this research is to establish specific nutritional recommendations for breastfeeding women, with the aim of integrating this information into a support application that serves as an informational resource for nutritional interventions and for the mothers themselves. The results indicate that recent research has predominantly focused on maternal nutrition during pregnancy, correlating it with gestational age and evaluating critical nutrients during this period. However, these studies often extend recommendations from pregnant to breastfeeding mothers without providing specific guidelines for this stage. Nevertheless, this research identifies and details the particular nutritional requirements for breastfeeding mothers. The conclusions suggest that this work, by providing a detailed nutritional guide for breastfeeding women, clarifies the necessary nutritional requirements based on each mother’s nutritional status. This guide has significant implications for both the practice of nutritional interventions and theoretical development in the field. Additionally, it establishes a solid foundation for future nutritional interventions aimed at breastfeeding mothers.PDFhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Nutrición maternaNutrición en lactanciaNutrición PostpartoMaternal nutritionLactation nutritionPostpartum nutritionNutrilacta: Alimentación y Salud Materna.Tesis de Pregradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f1. Prentice, Andrew M. “Breastfeeding in the Modern World.” Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 78, no. Suppl. 2, 2022, pp. 29–38, https://doi.org/10.1159/000524354.2. Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, Icbf. “Guías Alimentarias Para Gestante Y Madres Lactantes.”2013.3. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. Normatividad Resolución 3803. 2016.4. Rio-Aige, Karla, et al. “The Breast Milk Immunoglobulinome.” Nutrients, vol. 13, no. 6, 26 May 2021, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8230140/, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061810.5. Basak, Sanjay, et al. “Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Status during Pregnancy and Its Impact on Infant Neurodevelopment.” Nutrients, vol. 12, no. 12, 25 Nov. 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123615.6. Muñoz, Yasna, et al. “Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Milk in the First Months of Life: A Narrative Review.” Nutrición Hospitalaria, 2021, https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.03486. Accessed 24 Oct. 2021.7. Revista Argentina de Salud Pública. “Lactancia materna exclusiva y su relación con el estado nutricional de vitamina a del binomio madre-hijo”. 26 Nov. 2020.8. National Institute of Health, NIH. “Datos de La Vitamina A Y Los Carotenoides”. 15 June 2022.9. Xi, Yuandi, et al. “Vitamin E Concentration in Breast Milk in Different Periods of Lactation: Meta-Analysis.” Frontiers in Nutrition, vol. 9, 10 Nov. 2022, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1050011. Accessed 15 Oct. 2023.10. Tijerina-Sáenz, A, et al. “Antioxidant Capacity of Human Milk and Its Association with Vitamins a and E and Fatty Acid Composition.” Acta Pediátrica, vol. 98, no. 11, Nov. 2009, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01437.x. Accessed 16 Mar. 2022.11. Cullers, Andrea, et al. “Effect of Prenatal Calcium Supplementation on Bone during Pregnancy and 1 Y Postpartum.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 109, no. 1, 1 Jan. 2019, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30649176/, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy233.12. Beery AK, Jackson B, Halstead E, Windorski SM, Chimamaka Nnodim-Amadi, Upin E. Acute decrease in mothers’ cortisol following nursing and milk expression. Hormones and behavior. 2023 Jul 1; 153:105387–7.13. Kiełbasa, Anna, et al. “The Content of Selected Omega-3 Free Fatty Acids in Breast Milk Samples and Their Interactions with Macronutrients as Well as Personal Characteristics of Mothers.” International Dairy Journal, vol. 148, 1 Jan. 2024, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0958694623002224#:~:text=%CE%B1%2DLinolenic%20acid%20(ALA%2C, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105803.14. Kim, Su Yeong, and Dae Yong Yi. “Components of Human Breast Milk: From Macronutrient to Microbiome and MicroRNA.” Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, vol. 63, no. 8, 15 Aug. 2020, pp. 301–309, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7402982/, https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2020.00059.15. Perrella, Sharon, et al. “Human Milk Composition Promotes Optimal Infant Growth, Development and Health.” Seminars in Perinatology, vol. 45, no. 2, Mar. 2021, p. 151380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151380.16. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: OPS; c2024 [citado 2024 Nov 11]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/temas/lactancia-materna-alimentacion-complementaria.17. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Nutrición [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: OPS; c2024 [citado 2024 Nov 11]. Disponible en: https://www.paho.org/es/temas/nutricion.18. McNulty S. The evolution of mammalian lactation: from platypus to human. J Mammal Evol. 2015;22(3):273-90.19. Rothman BK. The tentative connection: the breast and the bottle in the history of modern lactation. In: The history of breastfeeding in the modern world: a global perspective. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 2007. p.20. Victora, C. G., Bahl, R., Barros, A. J., et al. (2016). Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 387(10017), 475-490.21. Mackie, A. R., & Pfeffer, P. L. (2005). Developmental aspects of mammary gland physiology and function. Journal of Dairy Science, 88(4), 1160-1171.22. Sampson, M., & Rey, S. (2012). Maternal diet and breast milk composition: Implications for infant health. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 66(1), 58-64.23. Kuhn, L., et al. (2020). Maternal nutritional needs during lactation: a review of recent recommendations and guidelines. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 82, 10840124. Elango, R., et al. (2021). Caloric and protein requirements of lactating women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Nutrition, 151(10), 3059-3070.25. Liu, Y., et al. (2022). The role of maternal carbohydrate intake during lactation on breast milk composition and infant health. Nutrients, 14(6), 1238.26. Caro, G., et al. (2023). Dietary fats and maternal health during lactation: Implications for breast milk composition and infant health. Nutrients, 15(2), 420.27. Lacroix, M., et al. (2022). Recent advances in the understanding of breast milk composition and its potential health implications for mother and infant. Nutrients, 14(9), 1892.28. Schanler, R. J., et al. (2020). The Composition and Function of Human Milk: The Importance of Colostrum in Infant Health. Journal of Pediatrics, 228, 1-10.29. Hassiotou, F., et al. (2021). Breast milk composition: Nutrients and bioactive factors. Early Human Development, 155, 105317.30. Zhu, W., et al. (2021). The Proteins of Human Milk: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Literature. Advances in Nutrition, 12(6), 1716-1728.31. Vincenzo, M., et al. (2020). Lactoferrin in Human Milk: Antimicrobial and Immunological Properties. Journal of Human Lactation, 36(3), 420-428.32. Hernández-Cordero, L. C., et al. (2023). Caseins and Whey Proteins in Human Milk: Composition, Bioactive Functions, and Clinical Implications. Food Research International, 156, 111127.33. Cui, Y., et al. (2020). Lipids in Human Milk: From Composition to Health Implications. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 81, 108365.34. Ramírez-Santana, C., et al. (2022). Fatty Acids in Human Milk: Their Influence on Infant Health and Development. Advances in Nutrition, 13(2), 257-270.35. Bode, L., et al. (2020). Human Milk Carbohydrates: Structure, Function, and Impact on Infant Health. Annual Review of Nutrition, 40, 173-195.36. Bode, L. (2020). Carbohydrates in Human Milk: Lactose and Oligosaccharides and Their Role in Infant Nutrition. Nutrients, 12(6), 1777.37. Yu, Z., et al. (2020). Impact of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Infant Gut Microbiota and Immunity. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 8, 567042.38. Li, D., et al. (2020). Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Pregnancy and Lactation: An Update. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 39(5), 375-380.39. Wadhwa, P. D., et al. (2023). Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Breast Milk Composition and Infant Health Outcomes:Maternal & Child Nutrition, 19(2), e13123.40. 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