Efecto de entrenamiento de fuerza con cargas altas vs bajas en rendimiento de jugadores universitarios de rugby: ensayo aleatorizado

The literature on strength training often prescribes high loads and volumes, based on traditional methods that present limitations by not monitoring the intensity of each repetition, the relative and absolute load, or the effort and fatigue generated. In this context, the present study aimed to comp...

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Autores:: Rodríguez Hernández, Andrés Felipe

Tipo de recurso:

Fecha de publicación:: 2025

Institución:: Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Repositorio:: RiUPTC: Repositorio Institucional UPTC

Idioma:: spa

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Summary:	The literature on strength training often prescribes high loads and volumes, based on traditional methods that present limitations by not monitoring the intensity of each repetition, the relative and absolute load, or the effort and fatigue generated. In this context, the present study aimed to compare the effect of a training protocol based on velocity-based training (VBT) with different intensities: light loads (≤60% 1RM) versus heavy loads (≥70% 1RM), using deep squats monitored with a linear encoder. Methods: A randomized, controlled, longitudinal, experimental trial was conducted with 21 players from the Rugby team of the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (15 men: 23.2 ± 1.2 years, 77.1 ± 23.2 kg, 172.8 ± 5.2 cm; 6 women: 22 ± 1.2 years, 68 ± 6.8 kg, 164.8 ± 5.5 cm). Vertical jump (CMJ) and the load-velocity profile were assessed using a Chronojump linear encoder. Results: For estimated 1RM, the light-load group showed significant moderate effects (ES = 0.94; p < 0.01), while the heavy-load group showed a non-significant moderate effect (d = 0.68; p > 0.05). In CMJ, both groups exhibited significant small effects (Light: d = 0.52; p < 0.01; Heavy: d = 0.33; p < 0.01). Only the light-load group demonstrated significant intergroup differences in the pre-post test (p < 0.001). For mean velocity, a small nonsignificant effect was found (Light: d = 0.07; Heavy: d = -0.15; p > 0.05). Conclusion: Training with light loads, while monitoring execution velocity, can generate adaptations comparable to heavy-load training, while reducing acute fatigue, lowering injury risk, and promoting recovery, which represents a relevant contribution to the design and monitoring of strength programs.

Efecto de entrenamiento de fuerza con cargas altas vs bajas en rendimiento de jugadores universitarios de rugby: ensayo aleatorizado

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