Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases

Ilustraciones, gráficas,

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2024
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Universidad de Caldas
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Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
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eng
spa
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Palabra clave:
Pipridae
Public databases
phylogenetic methods
Iris
Biología
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id REPOUCALDA_f900eec8252ebb858ccb3e085e24d16d
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co:ucaldas/20011
network_acronym_str REPOUCALDA
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
title Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
spellingShingle Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
Pipridae
Public databases
phylogenetic methods
Iris
Biología
title_short Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
title_full Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
title_fullStr Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
title_full_unstemmed Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
title_sort Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databases
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Corbett, Eamon
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pipridae
Public databases
phylogenetic methods
Iris
Biología
topic Pipridae
Public databases
phylogenetic methods
Iris
Biología
description Ilustraciones, gráficas,
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-09T16:50:34Z
2024-07-09T16:50:34Z
2024-07-09
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado - Pregrado
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
Text
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.type.coarversion.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/20011
Universidad de Caldas
Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas
https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/
url https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/20011
https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/
identifier_str_mv Universidad de Caldas
Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
spa
language eng
spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Alfonso, C., Jones, B. C., Vernasco, B. J., & Moore, I. T. (2021). Integrative studies of sexual selection in manakins, a clade of charismatic tropical birds. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1267-1280.
Andersson, M. (1994). Sexual selection (Vol. 72). Princeton University Press.
Bennett, K. F., Lim, H. C., & Braun, M. J. (2021). Sexual selection and introgression in avian hybrid zones: spotlight on Manacus. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1291-1309.
Bortolotti, G. R., Smits, J. E., & Bird, D. M. (2003). Iris colour of American kestrels varies with age, sex, and exposure to PCBs. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 76(1), 99-104.
Cake, M. (2019). Regional variation in iris colour of the White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis frontalis complex in digital photographs. Australian Field Ornithology, 36, 148-153.
Cardilini, A. P., Lees, D., Roche, D., Dann, P., & Weston, M. A. (2022). Dark heterochromia in adult masked lapwings is universal, asymmetrical and possibly slightly sexually dimorphic. Journal of Ornithology, 1-7.
Clements, J. F., Rasmussen, P. C., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Fredericks, T. A., Gerbracht, J. A., Lepage, D., Spencer, A., Billerman, S. M., Sullivan, B. L., & Wood, C. L. (2023). The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2023.
Corbett, E. C., Brumfield, R. T., & Faircloth, B. C. (2024). The mechanistic, genetic and evolutionary causes of bird eye colour variation. Ibis, 166(2), 560-589.
Dale, J., Dey, C. J., Delhey, K., Kempenaers, B., & Valcu, M. (2015). The effects of life history and sexual selection on male and female plumage colouration. Nature, 527(7578), 367-370.
Davidson, G. L., Thornton, A., & Clayton, N. S. (2017). Evolution of iris colour in relation to cavity nesting and parental care in passerine birds. Biology Letters, 13(1), 20160783.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., & Fishpool, L.D.C. (2016). Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World: Passerines. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
Doucet, S. M., Mennill, D. J., & Hill, G. E. (2007). The evolution of signal design in manakin plumage ornaments. The American Naturalist, 169(S1), S62-S80.
Endler, J. A., & Mielke Jr, P. W. (2005). Comparing entire colour patterns as birds see them. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 86(4), 405-431.
Harvey, M.G., Bravo, G.A., Claramunt, S., Cuervo, A.M., Derryberry, G.E., Battilana, J., Seeholzer, G.F., McKay, J.S., O’Meara, B.C., Faircloth, B.C., Edwards, S.V., Perez-Eman, J., Moyle, R.G., Sheldon, F.H., Aleixo, A., Smith, B.T., Chesser, R.T., Silveira, L.F., Cracraft, J., Brumfield, R.T., & Derryberry, E.P. (2020). The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Science, 370, 1343–1348.
Heindl, M., & Winkler, H. (2003). Interacting effects of ambient light and plumage color patterns in displaying wire-tailed manakins (Aves, Pipridae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 53, 153-162.
Hill, G. E., McGraw, K. J., & Kevin, J. (Eds.). (2006). Bird coloration (Vol. 1). Harvard University Press.
Joseph, L., Drew, A., Wilson, C. A., Teh, J., Viacava, P., & Schodde, R. (2024). The difficult challenge of accurately recording iris colour in birds revealed through the lens of specimens of Australia's Spinifex Pigeon (Geophaps plumifera). Ibis, 166(1), 323-335.
Kajiki, L. N. (2022). Biologia reprodutiva, sistema de acasalamento e seleção sexual em Antilophia galeata (Aves: Pipridae).
Kajiki, L. N., de-Carvalho, M., Resende Dos Santos, P. V., Teixeira, S. de A., & Macedo, R. H. (2023). Individual territoriality in lekking species: the case of the Helmeted Manakin. Emu - Austral Ornithology, 123(1), 35–48.
Kilner, R. M. (2006). Function and evolution of color in young birds. In G. E. Hill & K. J. McGraw (Eds.), Bird Coloration, Vol. 2. Function and Evolution (pp. 141-176). Harvard University Press.
Marcondes, R. S., & Brumfield, R. T. (2019). Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines. Evolution, 73(4), 704- 719.
Moore, B. A., Fernandez-Juricic, E., & Montiani-Ferreira, F. (2022). Ophthalmology of Passeriformes. In Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology: Volume 1: Invertebrates, Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds (pp. 393-414). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Oakley, N. (2020). Simplicity and consistency in successful courtship displays of lek-mating golden-winged manakins. University of Wyoming
Ohlson, J. I., Irestedt, M., Ericson, P. G., & Fjeldså, J. (2013). Phylogeny and classification of the New World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3613(1), 1-35.
Prum, R. O. (1990). A test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on morphology. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan
Prum, R. O. (1994). Phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of alternative social behavior in the manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Evolution, 48(5), 1657-1675.
Prum, R. O. (1998). Sexual selection and the evolution of mechanical sound production in manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Animal Behaviour, 55(4), 977-994.
Quesada, J., & Senar, J. C. (2006). Comparing plumage colour measurements obtained directly from live birds and from collected feathers: the case of the great tit Parus major. Journal of Avian Biology, 37(6), 609-616.
Revell, L. J. (2012). phytools: an R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things). Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3(2), 217-223.
Ribeiro, R. D., McCormack, J. E., Álvarez, H. G., Carrasco, L., Grether, G. F., Mena-Olmedo, P., ... & Karubian, J. (2015). Loss of sexual dimorphism is associated with loss of lekking behavior in the green manakin Xenopipo holochora. Journal of Avian Biology, 46(3), 307-314.
Ryder, T. B., Blake, J. G., & Loiselle, B. A. (2006). A test of the environmental hotspot hypothesis for lek placement in three species of manakins (Pipridae) in Ecuador. The Auk, 123(1), 247-258.
Santana, S. E., Lynch Alfaro, J., & Alfaro, M. E. (2012). Adaptive evolution of facial colour patterns in Neotropical primates. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 279(1736), 2204-2211.
Schaedler, L. M., Taylor, L. U., Prum, R. O., & Anciães, M. (2021). Constraint and function in the predefinitive plumages of manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1363-1377.
Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., et al. (2012). Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nature Methods, 9(7), 676-682. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2019
Shultz, A. J., & Burns, K. J. (2017). The role of sexual and natural selection in shaping patterns of sexual dichromatism in the largest family of songbirds (Aves: Thraupidae). Evolution, 71(4), 1061- 1074.
Sick, H. (1967). Courtship behaviour in manakins (Pipridae): a review. Living Bird, 6, 5-22.
Soler, J. J., Moreno, J., Aviles, J., & Moller, A. P. (2005). Blue and green egg‐color intensity is associated with parental effort and mating system in passerines: support for the sexual selection hypothesis. Evolution, 59(3), 636-644.
Sullivan, B. L., Wood, C. L., Iliff, M. J., Bonney, R. E., Fink, D., & Kelling, S. (2009). eBird: a citizen-based bird observation network in the biological sciences. Biological Conservation, 142(10), 2282-2292.
Tabin, J. A., & Chiasson, K. A. (2023). Evolutionary insights into Felidae iris color through ancestral state reconstruction. bioRxiv, 2023-03.
Villafuerte, R., & Negro, J. J. (1998). Digital imaging for colour measurement in ecological research. Ecology Letters, 1(3), 151-154.
Wiebe, K. L., & Bortolotti, G. R. (2001). Variation in colour within a population of northern flickers: a new perspective on an old hybrid zone. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79(6), 1046-1052.
Winkler, D. W., Billerman, S. M., & Lovette, I. J. (2020). Manakins (Pipridae), version 1.0. In S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, & T. S. Schulenberg (Eds.), Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
Worthy, M. (1997). Animal Eye Colors: Yellow-eyed Stalkers, Red-eyed Skulkers, and Blackeyed Speedsters. Lincoln, NE: Authors Choice Press.
Yoo, H. N., Lee, J. W., & Yoo, J. C. (2017). Asymmetry of eye color in the common cuckoo. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 7612..
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
Manizales
Biología
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
Manizales
Biología
institution Universidad de Caldas
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spelling Tracing eye color evolution in pipridae: A quantitative approach using public photo databasesPipridaePublic databasesphylogenetic methodsIrisBiologíaIlustraciones, gráficas,Las aves exhiben una amplia gama de colores de ojos, sin embargo, los mecanismos que impulsan esta variación siguen siendo poco estudiados. Este estudio analiza cuantitativamente el color de ojos en la familia Pipridae, utilizando imágenes de alta resolución de bases de datos públicas. Obtuvimos y procesamos datos de color RGB de 55 especies de salatarines utilizando la distribución Fiji de ImageJ, enfocándonos en valores medianos para minimizar efectos de valores atípicos. Se compararon tres métricas de resumen (media, media ponderada y mediana), revelando resultados consistentes y demostrando la robustez de nuestra metodología. Aplicamos técnicas de reconstrucción del estado ancestral para rastrear la evolución del color de ojos dentro de Pipridae. Se realizaron reconstrucciones ancestrales discretas y continuas. Nuestros hallazgos indican que los Pipridae ancestrales probablemente tenían ojos de tonos intermedios a oscuros, con múltiples evoluciones independientes hacia colores más claros dentro del clado Piprinae. Este estudio proporciona un enfoque cuantitativo confiable para estudiar la variación y evolución del color de ojos en aves, demostrando su aplicabilidad a otros taxones. Los resultados se alinean a veces y desafían la literatura existente, destacando el potencial del método para revelar nuevos patrones de evolución del color de ojos en aves. Se requieren más investigaciones y recopilación de datos para comprender completamente los impulsores de estas variaciones de color.Birds exhibit a broad spectrum of eye colors, yet the mechanisms driving this variation remain understudied. This study quantitatively analyzes eye color across the Pipridae family, leveraging high-resolution images from public databases. We obtained and processed RGB color data from 55 manakin species using the Fiji distribution of ImageJ, focusing on median values to minimize outlier effects. Three summary metrics (mean, weighted mean, and median) were compared, revealing consistent results and demonstrating the robustness of our methodology. We applied ancestral state reconstruction techniques to trace eye color evolution within the Pipridae. Discrete and continuous ancestral reconstructions were performed, converting RGB data to the HSL color space for luminance analysis. Our findings indicate that ancestral Pipridae likely had intermediate to dark eyes, with multiple independent evolutions towards lighter colors within the core manakins. This study provides a reliable quantitative approach for studying eye color variation and evolution in birds, demonstrating its applicability to other taxa. The results align with and sometimes challenge existing literature, highlighting the method’s potential to reveal new avian eye color evolution patterns. Further research and data collection are necessary to understand these color variations' drivers fullyIntroduction / Methods / Results / Discussion / ReferencesUniversitarioBiólogo(a)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesManizalesBiologíaCorbett, EamonSepúlveda Mejía, Juan Alejandro2024-07-09T16:50:34Z2024-07-09T16:50:34Z2024-07-09Trabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesishttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85application/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/20011Universidad de CaldasRepositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldashttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/engspaAlfonso, C., Jones, B. C., Vernasco, B. J., & Moore, I. T. (2021). Integrative studies of sexual selection in manakins, a clade of charismatic tropical birds. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1267-1280.Andersson, M. (1994). Sexual selection (Vol. 72). Princeton University Press.Bennett, K. F., Lim, H. C., & Braun, M. J. (2021). Sexual selection and introgression in avian hybrid zones: spotlight on Manacus. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1291-1309.Bortolotti, G. R., Smits, J. E., & Bird, D. M. (2003). Iris colour of American kestrels varies with age, sex, and exposure to PCBs. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 76(1), 99-104.Cake, M. (2019). Regional variation in iris colour of the White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis frontalis complex in digital photographs. Australian Field Ornithology, 36, 148-153.Cardilini, A. P., Lees, D., Roche, D., Dann, P., & Weston, M. A. (2022). Dark heterochromia in adult masked lapwings is universal, asymmetrical and possibly slightly sexually dimorphic. Journal of Ornithology, 1-7.Clements, J. F., Rasmussen, P. C., Schulenberg, T. S., Iliff, M. J., Fredericks, T. A., Gerbracht, J. A., Lepage, D., Spencer, A., Billerman, S. M., Sullivan, B. L., & Wood, C. L. (2023). The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2023.Corbett, E. C., Brumfield, R. T., & Faircloth, B. C. (2024). The mechanistic, genetic and evolutionary causes of bird eye colour variation. Ibis, 166(2), 560-589.Dale, J., Dey, C. J., Delhey, K., Kempenaers, B., & Valcu, M. (2015). The effects of life history and sexual selection on male and female plumage colouration. Nature, 527(7578), 367-370.Davidson, G. L., Thornton, A., & Clayton, N. S. (2017). Evolution of iris colour in relation to cavity nesting and parental care in passerine birds. Biology Letters, 13(1), 20160783.del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., & Fishpool, L.D.C. (2016). Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World: Passerines. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.Doucet, S. M., Mennill, D. J., & Hill, G. E. (2007). The evolution of signal design in manakin plumage ornaments. The American Naturalist, 169(S1), S62-S80.Endler, J. A., & Mielke Jr, P. W. (2005). Comparing entire colour patterns as birds see them. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 86(4), 405-431.Harvey, M.G., Bravo, G.A., Claramunt, S., Cuervo, A.M., Derryberry, G.E., Battilana, J., Seeholzer, G.F., McKay, J.S., O’Meara, B.C., Faircloth, B.C., Edwards, S.V., Perez-Eman, J., Moyle, R.G., Sheldon, F.H., Aleixo, A., Smith, B.T., Chesser, R.T., Silveira, L.F., Cracraft, J., Brumfield, R.T., & Derryberry, E.P. (2020). The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Science, 370, 1343–1348.Heindl, M., & Winkler, H. (2003). Interacting effects of ambient light and plumage color patterns in displaying wire-tailed manakins (Aves, Pipridae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 53, 153-162.Hill, G. E., McGraw, K. J., & Kevin, J. (Eds.). (2006). Bird coloration (Vol. 1). Harvard University Press.Joseph, L., Drew, A., Wilson, C. A., Teh, J., Viacava, P., & Schodde, R. (2024). The difficult challenge of accurately recording iris colour in birds revealed through the lens of specimens of Australia's Spinifex Pigeon (Geophaps plumifera). Ibis, 166(1), 323-335.Kajiki, L. N. (2022). Biologia reprodutiva, sistema de acasalamento e seleção sexual em Antilophia galeata (Aves: Pipridae).Kajiki, L. N., de-Carvalho, M., Resende Dos Santos, P. V., Teixeira, S. de A., & Macedo, R. H. (2023). Individual territoriality in lekking species: the case of the Helmeted Manakin. Emu - Austral Ornithology, 123(1), 35–48.Kilner, R. M. (2006). Function and evolution of color in young birds. In G. E. Hill & K. J. McGraw (Eds.), Bird Coloration, Vol. 2. Function and Evolution (pp. 141-176). Harvard University Press.Marcondes, R. S., & Brumfield, R. T. (2019). Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines. Evolution, 73(4), 704- 719.Moore, B. A., Fernandez-Juricic, E., & Montiani-Ferreira, F. (2022). Ophthalmology of Passeriformes. In Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology: Volume 1: Invertebrates, Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds (pp. 393-414). Cham: Springer International Publishing.Oakley, N. (2020). Simplicity and consistency in successful courtship displays of lek-mating golden-winged manakins. University of WyomingOhlson, J. I., Irestedt, M., Ericson, P. G., & Fjeldså, J. (2013). Phylogeny and classification of the New World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3613(1), 1-35.Prum, R. O. (1990). A test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on morphology. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of MichiganPrum, R. O. (1994). Phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of alternative social behavior in the manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Evolution, 48(5), 1657-1675.Prum, R. O. (1998). Sexual selection and the evolution of mechanical sound production in manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Animal Behaviour, 55(4), 977-994.Quesada, J., & Senar, J. C. (2006). Comparing plumage colour measurements obtained directly from live birds and from collected feathers: the case of the great tit Parus major. Journal of Avian Biology, 37(6), 609-616.Revell, L. J. (2012). phytools: an R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things). Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3(2), 217-223.Ribeiro, R. D., McCormack, J. E., Álvarez, H. G., Carrasco, L., Grether, G. F., Mena-Olmedo, P., ... & Karubian, J. (2015). Loss of sexual dimorphism is associated with loss of lekking behavior in the green manakin Xenopipo holochora. Journal of Avian Biology, 46(3), 307-314.Ryder, T. B., Blake, J. G., & Loiselle, B. A. (2006). A test of the environmental hotspot hypothesis for lek placement in three species of manakins (Pipridae) in Ecuador. The Auk, 123(1), 247-258.Santana, S. E., Lynch Alfaro, J., & Alfaro, M. E. (2012). Adaptive evolution of facial colour patterns in Neotropical primates. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 279(1736), 2204-2211.Schaedler, L. M., Taylor, L. U., Prum, R. O., & Anciães, M. (2021). Constraint and function in the predefinitive plumages of manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 61(4), 1363-1377.Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., et al. (2012). Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nature Methods, 9(7), 676-682. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2019Shultz, A. J., & Burns, K. J. (2017). The role of sexual and natural selection in shaping patterns of sexual dichromatism in the largest family of songbirds (Aves: Thraupidae). Evolution, 71(4), 1061- 1074.Sick, H. (1967). Courtship behaviour in manakins (Pipridae): a review. Living Bird, 6, 5-22.Soler, J. J., Moreno, J., Aviles, J., & Moller, A. P. (2005). Blue and green egg‐color intensity is associated with parental effort and mating system in passerines: support for the sexual selection hypothesis. Evolution, 59(3), 636-644.Sullivan, B. L., Wood, C. L., Iliff, M. J., Bonney, R. E., Fink, D., & Kelling, S. (2009). eBird: a citizen-based bird observation network in the biological sciences. Biological Conservation, 142(10), 2282-2292.Tabin, J. A., & Chiasson, K. A. (2023). Evolutionary insights into Felidae iris color through ancestral state reconstruction. bioRxiv, 2023-03.Villafuerte, R., & Negro, J. J. (1998). Digital imaging for colour measurement in ecological research. Ecology Letters, 1(3), 151-154.Wiebe, K. L., & Bortolotti, G. R. (2001). Variation in colour within a population of northern flickers: a new perspective on an old hybrid zone. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79(6), 1046-1052.Winkler, D. W., Billerman, S. M., & Lovette, I. J. (2020). Manakins (Pipridae), version 1.0. In S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, & T. S. Schulenberg (Eds.), Birds of the World. Cornell Lab of Ornithology.Worthy, M. (1997). Animal Eye Colors: Yellow-eyed Stalkers, Red-eyed Skulkers, and Blackeyed Speedsters. Lincoln, NE: Authors Choice Press.Yoo, H. N., Lee, J. W., & Yoo, J. C. (2017). Asymmetry of eye color in the common cuckoo. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 7612..info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2oai:repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co:ucaldas/200112024-07-16T21:39:11Z