Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia

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Fecha de publicación:: 2025

Institución:: Universidad de Caldas

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas

Idioma:: spa

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network_acronym_str	REPOUCALDA
network_name_str	Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
title	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
spellingShingle	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia 550 - Ciencias de la tierra::551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología 1. Ciencias Naturales Oro orogénico Orogenic gold Distrito Metalogénico de Berlín Complejo Cajamarca Petrografía Metalografía Microtermometría Litogeoquímica. Berlin Metallogenic District Cajamarca Complex Petrography Metallography Microthermometry Lithogeochemistry. Geología Petrografía Mineralogía Geología estructural Geoquímica
title_short	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
title_full	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
title_fullStr	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
title_full_unstemmed	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
title_sort	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	Quiceno Colorado, July Astrid Hernández-González, Juan S. Alvarán, Mauricio
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	550 - Ciencias de la tierra::551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología 1. Ciencias Naturales Oro orogénico Orogenic gold Distrito Metalogénico de Berlín Complejo Cajamarca Petrografía Metalografía Microtermometría Litogeoquímica. Berlin Metallogenic District Cajamarca Complex Petrography Metallography Microthermometry Lithogeochemistry. Geología Petrografía Mineralogía Geología estructural Geoquímica
topic	550 - Ciencias de la tierra::551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología 1. Ciencias Naturales Oro orogénico Orogenic gold Distrito Metalogénico de Berlín Complejo Cajamarca Petrografía Metalografía Microtermometría Litogeoquímica. Berlin Metallogenic District Cajamarca Complex Petrography Metallography Microthermometry Lithogeochemistry. Geología Petrografía Mineralogía Geología estructural Geoquímica
description	Figuras, tablas
publishDate	2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2025-06-12T22:43:29Z 2025-06-12T22:43:29Z 2025-06-13
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Pregrado http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f Text info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22406 Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co
url	https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22406
identifier_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
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spelling	Caracterización petrográfica, metalográfica, microtermométrica y litogeoquímica de la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín, en el municipio de Briceño, Antioquia-Colombia550 - Ciencias de la tierra::551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología1. Ciencias NaturalesOro orogénicoOrogenic goldDistrito Metalogénico de BerlínComplejo CajamarcaPetrografíaMetalografíaMicrotermometríaLitogeoquímica.Berlin Metallogenic DistrictCajamarca ComplexPetrographyMetallographyMicrothermometryLithogeochemistry.GeologíaPetrografíaMineralogíaGeología estructuralGeoquímicaFiguras, tablasLa mineralización vetiforme de Berlín se localiza en el flanco occidental de la Cordillera Central de los Andes Colombianos, en el municipio de Briceño, al noroeste del departamento de Antioquia. Está hospedada en rocas metamórficas del Pérmico – Triásico del Complejo Cajamarca, al oeste de la Falla Espíritu Santo y hace parte de la Provincia Metalogénica Andina Central (PMAC), representando uno de los principales depósitos dentro del Distrito Metalogénico de Au (-Ag) de Berlín. Este estudio se basa en la descripción de 12 pozos de perforación y en el análisis litogeoquímico de 1,413 datos químicos suministrados por la empresa Zijin-Continental Gold. La descripción litológica de los pozos, combinada con análisis petrográficos y metalográficos, permitieron identificar tres litologías principales como roca hospedante: i) esquistos, ii) filitas, y en menor proporción, iii) gneises. Diques de microtonalita de anfíbol cortan los esquistos y filitas formando contactos intrusivos. El análisis litogeoquímico de la roca hospedante sugiere protolitos pelíticos y volcaniclásticos para los esquistos y filitas respectivamente, y un protolito ígneo con firma geoquímica de granito peraluminoso sincolisional (granito tipo S) para el gneis. Los diques de microtonalita de anfíbol muestran un origen a partir de un magma calcoalcalino en un arco volcánico continental engrosado (~44-50 Km) asociado a zona de subducción. Las estructuras vetiformes son concordantes con la foliación y presentan espesores aparentes que varían entre 10 cm y 6 m. Tres etapas de mineralización fueron definidas mediante análisis petrográficos y metalográficos: la etapa I corresponde al relleno temprano de la veta con la cristalización de cuarzo masivo (Qz1), acompañado de pirrotina y cantidades menores de oro (Au1), albita, turmalina, rutilo, sericita (Ser1) y carbonatos (Cb1). La etapa II corresponde a la recristalización dinámica de Qz1 formando cuarzo de recristalización (Qz2), acompañado de sulfuros como pirita arseniosa y arsenopirita, que aparecen asociados a minerales de alteración como sericita (Ser2), clorita (Chl1) y carbonatos (Cb2). La etapa III corresponde a la precipitación de metales base como calcopirita, esfalerita y galena en fracturas y oquedades, acompañados de oro (Au2) y pequeñas cantidades de cuarzo (Qz3), y asociados a minerales de alteración tardíos como epidota y clorita (Chl2). Las descripciones macroscópicas y petrográficas, acompañadas de análisis litogeoquímico, sugieren que la alteración hidrotermal en la mineralización vetiforme de Berlín se restringe a las estructuras (vetas y respaldos) predominando la sericitización (fílica), seguida de albitización, propilítica, carbonatación y silicificación. Las mediciones microtermométricas y análisis Raman en inclusiones fluidas primarias hospedadas en cuarzo (Qz1) sugieren que el fluido mineralizante de la etapa I está relacionado con un sistema H2O-NaCl-CO2 ± CH4 ± N2, con temperaturas de homogenización entre 220° y 330 °C, densidad promedio de 0.84 g/cm3 y moderada a baja salinidad (0.57-10.86 wt.% de NaCl equiv). Los ensambles mineralógicos observados indican la presencia de un fluido con pH neutro a ligeramente alcalino y relativamente reducido. En consecuencia, el complejo Au (HS)2- fue probablemente el medio de transporte del oro. La presencia de material carbonoso en la roca hospedante ejerce un control químico favorable para la precipitación de oro. La mineralización vetiforme de Berlín presenta características similares a los depósitos de tipo oro orogénico.eng: The Berlin vein-type mineralization is located on the western flank of the Central Cordillera of the Colombian Andes, in the municipality of Briceño, northwestern Antioquia Department. It is hosted in Permian–Triassic metamorphic rocks of the Cajamarca Complex, west of the Espíritu Santo Fault, and is part of the Central Andean Metallogenic Province (CAMP), representing one of the main deposits within the Berlin Au (-Ag) Metallogenic District. This study is based on the description of 12 drill holes and lithogeochemical analysis of 1,413 chemical data points provided by Zijin-Continental Gold. Lithological descriptions of the drill cores, combined with petrographic and metallographic analyses, allowed the identification of three main host lithologies: (i) schists, (ii) phyllites, and to a lesser extent, (iii) gneisses. Amphibole-bearing microtonalite dikes crosscut the schists and phyllites along intrusive contacts. Lithogeochemical analysis of the host rocks suggests pelitic and volcaniclastic protoliths for the schists and phyllites, respectively, and an igneous protolith with a syn-collisional peraluminous granitic geochemical signature (S-type granite) for the gneiss. The amphibole-bearing microtonalite dikes show a magmatic origin from calc-alkaline magma in a thickened continental volcanic arc setting (~44–50 km) associated with a subduction zone. The vein structures are concordant with the foliation and exhibit apparent thicknesses ranging from 10 cm to 6 m. Three mineralization stages were defined through petrographic and metallographic analysis: Stage I corresponds to early vein infill with tmassive quartz crystallization (Qz1), accompanied by pyrrhotite and minor amounts of gold (Au1), albite, tourmaline, rutile, sericite (Ser1), and carbonates (Cb1). Stage II involves dynamic recrystallization of Qz1 forming recrystallized quartz (Qz2), accompanied by sulfides such as arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite, associated with alteration minerals like sericite (Ser2), chlorite (Chl1), and carbonates (Cb2). Stage III corresponds to the precipitation of base metals such as chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena within fractures and cavities, accompanied by gold (Au2), minor quartz (Qz3), and associated with late-stage alteration minerals including epidote and chlorite (Chl2). Macroscopic and petrographic descriptions, supported by lithogeochemical analysis, suggest that hydrothermal alteration in the Berlin vein-type mineralization is restricted to the structures (veins and vein selvages), with sericitization (phyllic alteration) as the dominant type, followed by albitization, propylitic alteration, carbonatization, and silicification. Microthermometric measurements and Raman spectroscopy analysis of primary fluid inclusions hosted in quartz (Qz1) suggest that the mineralizing fluid of Stage I corresponds to an H2O–NaCl–CO2 ± CH4 ± N2 system, with homogenization temperatures ranging between 220° and 330 °C, an average density of 0.84 g/cm³, and moderate to low salinity (0.57–10.86 wt.% NaCl equiv). The observed mineral assemblages indicate a fluid with neutral to slightly alkaline pH and relatively reduced conditions. Consequently, the Au (HS)2- was likely the main gold transport mechanism. The presence of carbonaceous material in the host rock exerted a favorable chemical control for gold precipitation. The Berlin vein-type mineralization exhibits consistent characteristics with orogenic gold-type deposits.Introducción -- Objetivos -- Objetivo general -- Objetivos específicos -- Marco geológico -- Contexto tectónico de la cordillera central de los andes colombianos desde el pérmico -- Geología regional del segmento norte de la actual cordillera central -- Depósito vetiforme de berlín -- Marco teórico -- Depósitos vetiformes de au -- Sistemas magmático-hidrotermales -- Sistemas hidrotermales metamórficos (au orogénico) -- Alteración hidrotermal -- Factores que controlan la alteración hidrotermal -- Intensidad y estilos de alteración hidrotermal -- Tipos de alteración hidrotermal -- Litogeoquímica de alteraciones hidrotermales -- Inclusiones fluidas -- Fases de una inclusión fluida -- Clasificación de inclusiones fluidas -- Familia de inclusiones fluidas (fia) -- Microtermometría de inclusiones fluidas -- Espectroscopía raman de inclusiones fluidas -- Metodología -- Fase preliminar -- Fase de campo -- Elaboración de secciones delgadas pulidas y doblemente pulidas -- Análisis petrográfico y metalográfico -- Química de roca total -- Métodos y procedimientos de laboratorio -- Tratamiento y procesamiento de datos químicos -- Análisis de inclusiones fluidas -- Petrografía de inclusiones fluidas -- Microtermometría de inclusiones fluidas -- Espectroscopía raman de inclusiones fluidas -- Resultados -- Descripción litológica a partir de fotos de núcleos de perforación -- Fase de campo -- Roca hospedante -- Diques -- Mineralización y alteración hidrotermal -- Petrografía y metalografía -- Roca hospedante -- Diques -- Vetas -- Alteración hidrotermal -- Secuencia paragenética -- Litogeoquímica -- Roca hospedante -- Diques -- Alteración hidrotermal -- Análisis de inclusiones fluidas -- Petrografía de inclusiones fluidas -- Microtermometría de inclusiones fluidas -- Interpretación de resultados y discusión -- Origen de la roca hospedante -- Génesis de los diques intrusivos en la roca hospedante -- Condiciones fisicoquímicas (ph-t°) y distribución de la alteración hidrotermal -- Naturaleza y evolución del fluido mineralizante -- Modelo genético para el depósito -- Escenario tectónico para la génesis de la mineralización -- Conclusiones -- Recomendaciones -- Referencias -- AnexosPregradoLa metodología empleada en este trabajo consta de cinco etapas principales correspondientes a una fase preliminar, una fase de campo, análisis petrográfico y metalográfico, análisis litogeoquímico y análisis de inclusiones fluidas.Geólogo(a)Yacimientos MineralesUniversidad de CaldasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesColombia, Caldas, ManizalesGeologíaQuiceno Colorado, July AstridHernández-González, Juan S.Alvarán, MauricioFigueroa Rojas, Adriana Paola2025-06-12T22:43:29Z2025-06-12T22:43:29Z2025-06-13Trabajo de grado - Pregradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1fTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis232 páginasapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22406Universidad de CaldasRepositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldasrepositorio.ucaldas.edu.cospaAlexandre, P. 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