Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia
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Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| title |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| spellingShingle |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia 570 - Biología::577 - Ecología 570 - Biología::578 - Historia natural de los organismos y temas relacionados 610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud::3C. Ciencias de la Salud::3C05. Salud pública 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F13. Ecología 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F01. Biología celular y microbiología Patógenos Serodetección Vectores biológicos Zoonosis Biología Ecología |
| title_short |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| title_full |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| title_fullStr |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| title_sort |
Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Rivera Páez, Fredy Castaño-Villa, Gabriel Jaime GEBIOME Genética, biodiversidad y manejo de ecosistemas (Categoría A1) Ramírez Hernández, Alejandro Álvarez López, María Elena |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
570 - Biología::577 - Ecología 570 - Biología::578 - Historia natural de los organismos y temas relacionados 610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud::3C. Ciencias de la Salud::3C05. Salud pública 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F13. Ecología 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F01. Biología celular y microbiología Patógenos Serodetección Vectores biológicos Zoonosis Biología Ecología |
| topic |
570 - Biología::577 - Ecología 570 - Biología::578 - Historia natural de los organismos y temas relacionados 610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud::3C. Ciencias de la Salud::3C05. Salud pública 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F13. Ecología 1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F01. Biología celular y microbiología Patógenos Serodetección Vectores biológicos Zoonosis Biología Ecología |
| description |
Artículos, mapas, gráficas, tablas, |
| publishDate |
2025 |
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2025-06-09T14:53:05Z 2025-06-09T14:53:05Z 2025-06-09 |
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Trabajo de grado - Maestría http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Text info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22330 Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co |
| url |
https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22330 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co |
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spa |
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Alvarez‑Londoño, J., Martínez-Sánchez, E.T., Ramírez-Chaves, H.E., Castaño-Villa, G.J., Rivera-Páez, F.A., 2024b. A "One health" approach to the understanding of mammals, ticks and Rickettsia interactions in the Andes of Colombia. Acta Trop 260, 107415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107415. Aragão, H., Fonseca, F., 1953. Notas de ixodologia. V. A propósito da validade de algumas espécies do genero Amblyomma do continente Americano (Acari: Ixodidae). Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - MEM INST OSWALDO CRUZ 51. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761953000100014. Arboleda, M., Acevedo-Gutiérrez, L.Y., Ávila, A., Ospina, D., Díaz, F.J., Walker, D.H., Rodas, J.D., 2020. Human Rickettsiosis Caused by Rickettsia parkeri strain Atlantic rainforest, Urabá, Colombia. Emerg Infect Dis 26, 3048-3050. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2612.200388. Barros-Battesti, D.M., Machado, R.Z., André, M.R. 2024. ACAROFAUNA DE IMPORTÂNCIA VETERINÁRIA: PARASITIFORMES - IXODIDA, PARTE I, In: ECTOPARASITOFAUNA BRASILEIRA DE IMPORTÂNCIA VETERINÁRIA.São Paulo, 537. Barros-Battesti, D.M., Ticks, I.C., Diseases, T., 2006. Carrapatos de importância médicoveterinária da região neotropical : um guia ilustrado para idenfiticação de espécies. ICTTD-3/Instituto Butantan. Beati, L., Keirans, J.E., 2001. Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus and Boophilus (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters. J Parasitol 87, 32- 48. https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0032:Aotsra]2.0.Co;2. Bedford, G.A.H., 1931. Nuttalliella namaqua, a New Genus and Species of Tick. Parasitology 23, 230-232. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000013573. Bermúdez, S., Martínez-Mandiche, J., Domínguez, L., Gonzalez, C., Chavarria, O., Moreno, A., Góndola, J., Correa, N., Rodríguez, I., Castillo, B., Smith, D., Martínez, A.A., 2021. Diversity of Rickettsia in ticks collected from wild animals in Panama. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 12, 101723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101723. Biggs, H.M., Behravesh, C.B., Bradley, K.K., Dahlgren, F.S., Drexler, N.A., Dumler, J.S., Folk, S.M., Kato, C.Y., Lash, R.R., Levin, M.L., Massung, R.F., Nadelman, R.B., Nicholson, W.L., Paddock, C.D., Pritt, B.S., Traeger, M.S., 2016. Diagnosis and Management of Tickborne Rickettsial Diseases: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses, Ehrlichioses, and Anaplasmosis - United States. MMWR Recomm Rep 65, 1-44. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6502a1. Bueno-Marí, R., Almeida, A.P., Navarro, J.C., 2015. Editorial: Emerging Zoonoses: EcoEpidemiology, Involved Mechanisms, and Public Health Implications. Front Public Health 3, 157. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2015.00157. Cardona-Romero, M., Martínez-Sánchez, E.T., Alvarez-Londoño, J., Pérez-Cárdenas, J.E., Ossa-López, P.A., Castaño-Villa, G.J., Binder, L.C., Faccini-Martínez, Á.A., Rivera-Páez, F.A., 2022. Seroprevalence and detection of Rickettsia spp. in wild birds of Arauca, Orinoquia region, Colombia. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100720. Cardona-Romero, M., Martínez-Sánchez, E.T., Alvarez-Londoño, J., Tobón-Escobar, W.D., Ossa-López, P.A., Pérez-Cárdenas, J.E., Ramírez-Chaves, H.E., Blandón-Marín, G., Cuervo, L.A., Castaño-Villa, G.J., Rivera-Páez, F.A., 2020. Rickettsia parkeri strain Atlantic rainforest in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of wild birds in Arauca, Orinoquia region of Colombia. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 13, 106-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.09.001. Ceballos-Pérez, D.F., Alvarez-Londoño, J., Ramírez-Chaves, H.E., Rivera-Páez, F.A., 2024. Polychromophilus (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae): A review of association with bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) and the first record in the Neotropical bat, Myotis albescens (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Colombia. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 25, 100986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100986. Chitimia-Dobler, L., Mans, B.J., Handschuh, S., Dunlop, J.A., 2022. A remarkable assemblage of ticks from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Parasitology 149, 820- 830. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182022000269. Choi, Y.J., Jang, W.J., Kim, J.H., Ryu, J.S., Lee, S.H., Park, K.H., Paik, H.S., Koh, Y.S., Choi, M.S., Kim, I.S., 2005. Spotted fever group and typhus group rickettsioses in humans, South Korea. Emerg Infect Dis 11, 237-244. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1102.040603. Choi, Y.J., Kim, J.Y., Kang, T.U., Park, H.J., Kim, H.C., Lee, I.Y., Choong, S.T., Song, D.Y., Klien, T.A., Song, J.W., Jang, W.J., 2024. Tick-borne pathogens isolated from ticks, rodents, and a shrew in Gangwon and Gyeonggi provinces in the Republic of Korea. Trop Biomed 41, 176-182. https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.41.2.007. Cicuttin, G.L., De Salvo, M.N., La Rosa, I., Dohmen, F.E.G., 2017. Neorickettsia risticii, Rickettsia sp. and Bartonella sp. in Tadarida brasiliensis bats from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 52, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2017.04.004. Cotes-Perdomo, A., Santodomingo, A., Castro, L.R., 2018. Hemogregarine and Rickettsial infection in ticks of toads from northeastern Colombia. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 7, 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.06.003. Council, N.R., 2005. Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 238 p. https://doi.org/10.17226/11366. Cuéllar-Sáenz, J.A., Faccini-Martínez Á, A., Ramírez-Hernández, A., Cortés-Vecino, J.A., 2023. Rickettsioses in Colombia during the 20th century: A historical review. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 14, 102118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102118. D'Auria, S.R., Camargo, M.C., Pacheco, R.C., Savani, E.S., Dias, M.A., da Rosa, A.R., de Almeida, M.F., Labruna, M.B., 2010. Serologic survey for rickettsiosis in bats from São Paulo city, Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 10, 459-463. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2009.0070. da Silva, D., Ratzlaff, F.R., Osmari, V., Fernandes, F.D., Lourenço, E.C., Famadas, K.M., Samoel, G.V.A., Campos, A., Pacheco, S.M., Dos Santos, H.F., Vogel, F.S.F., de Avila Botton, S., Sangioni, L.A., 2024. Detection of ectoparasites and investigation 62 of infection by Rickettsia spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in bats from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Parasitol Res 123, 177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-024-08198-x. Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R., Posada, D., 2012. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat Methods 9, 772. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109. Daszak, P., Cunningham, A.A., Hyatt, A.D., 2001. Anthropogenic environmental change and the emergence of infectious diseases in wildlife. Acta Trop 78, 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00179-0. de la Fuente, J., Estrada-Pena, A., Venzal, J.M., Kocan, K.M., Sonenshine, D.E., 2008. Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Front Biosci 13, 6938-6946. https://doi.org/10.2741/3200. de la Fuente, J., Estrada-Peña, A., Rafael, M., Almazán, C., Bermúdez, S., Abdelbaset, A.E., Kasaija, P.D., Kabi, F., Akande, F.A., Ajagbe, D.O., Bamgbose, T., Ghosh, S., Palavesam, A., Hamid, P.H., Oskam, C.L., Egan, S.L., Duarte-Barbosa, A., Hekimoğlu, O., Szabó, M.P.J., Labruna, M.B., Dahal, A., 2023. Perception of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases Worldwide. Pathogens 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12101258. Díaz, M.M., Solari, S., Aguirre, L.F., Aguiar, L., Barquez, R.M., 2016. 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Ticks Tick Borne Dis 9, 496-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.01.005 Faccini-Martínez, Á.A., Ramírez-Hernández, A., Barreto, C., Forero-Becerra, E., Millán, D., Valbuena, E., Sánchez-Alfonso, A.C., Imbacuán-Pantoja, W.O., Cortés-Vecino, J.A., Polo-Terán, L.J., Yaya-Lancheros, N., Jácome, J., Palomar, A.M., Santibáñez, S., Portillo, A., Oteo, J.A., Hidalgo, M., 2017. Epidemiology of spotted fever group rickettsioses and acute undifferentiated Febrile Illness in Villeta, Colombia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 97, 782-788. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0442. FAO, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, 2025. One Health. https://www.fao.org/one-health/background/coordination/en. Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R., Vrijenhoek, R., 1994. DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 3, 294-299. Gardner, A.L., 2008. Mammals of South America. Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA, 690 p. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226282428.001.0001. Gillespie, J.J., Williams, K., Shukla, M., Snyder, E.E., Nordberg, E.K., Ceraul, S.M., Dharmanolla, C., Rainey, D., Soneja, J., Shallom, J.M., Vishnubhat, N.D., Wattam, R., Purkayastha, A., Czar, M., Crasta, O., Setubal, J.C., Azad, A.F., Sobral, B.S., 2008. Rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life. PLoS One 3, e2018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002018 Gómez-Ortiz, Y., Moreno, C., 2017. Pilares del ecosistema: jenga de mamíferos neotropicales. Ecofronteras 21, 26-30. Gómez-Quintero, C.H., Faccini-Martínez Á, A., Botero-García, C.A., Lozano, M., Sánchez-Lerma, L., Miranda, J., Mattar, S., Hidalgo, M., 2017. Probable case of 65 spotted fever group rickettsial infection in a new suspected endemic area, Colombia. 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Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) Parasitizing Humans. A Global Overview, Vol 230. Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95552-0. Han, B.A., Kramer, A.M., Drake, J.M., 2016. Global Patterns of Zoonotic Disease in Mammals. Trends Parasitol 32, 565-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2016.04.007. Hidalgo, M., Faccini-Martínez, Á.A., Valbuena, G., 2013. Tick-borne rickettsioses in the Americas: Clinical and epidemiological advances, and diagnostic challenges. Biomedica 33, 161-178. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i0.1466. Horta, M.C., Sabatini, G.S., Moraes-Filho, J., Ogrzewalska, M., Canal, R.B., Pacheco, R.C., Martins, T.F., Matushima, E.R., Labruna, M.B., 2010. Experimental infection 66 of the opossum Didelphis aurita by Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia bellii, and Rickettsia parkeri and evaluation of the transmission of the infection to ticks Amblyomma cajennense and Amblyomma dubitatum. 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Jongejan, F., Uilenberg, G., 2004. The global importance of ticks. Parasitology 129, S3-14. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182004005967. Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F., von Haeseler, A., Jermiin, L.S., 2017. ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nat Methods 14, 587-589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285. Katoh, K., Standley, D.M., 2013. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30, 772-780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010. Kazimírová, M., Mangová, B., Chvostác, M., Didyk, Y.M., de Alba, P., Mira, A., Purgatová, S., Selyemová, D., Rusnáková Taragelova, V., Schnittger, L., 2024. The role of wildlife in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases in Slovakia. Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis 6, 100195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpvbd.2024.100195. Kim, H.K., 2022. Rickettsia-Host-Tick Interactions: Knowledge Advances and Gaps. 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Universidad de Caldas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Caldas - Colombia Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas |
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Enfoque “One Health” para la comprensión de las interacciones entre hospederos, garrapatas y Rickettsia spp. en Colombia570 - Biología::577 - Ecología570 - Biología::578 - Historia natural de los organismos y temas relacionados610 - Medicina y salud::614 - Medicina Forense; incidencia de lesiones, heridas, enfermedades; medicina preventiva pública3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud::3C. Ciencias de la Salud::3C05. Salud pública1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F13. Ecología1. Ciencias Naturales::1F. Ciencias biológicas::1F01. Biología celular y microbiologíaPatógenosSerodetecciónVectores biológicosZoonosisBiologíaEcologíaArtículos, mapas, gráficas, tablas,Las enfermedades zoonóticas transmitidas por vectores representan una amenaza global para la salud humana y animal. Las garrapatas actúan como vectores de una gran variedad de patógenos, incluidas bacterias del género Rickettsia. Estas bacterias son responsables de las rickettsiosis, enfermedades desatendidas que suelen pasar inadvertidas o confundirse con otras patologías en regiones tropicales y subtropicales. Los ciclos de transmisión de rickettsias involucran vectores y hospederos vertebrados, donde algunos mamíferos silvestres pueden actuar como hospederos amplificadores. Frente a los desafíos que implican estas enfermedades, organizaciones internacionales promueven el enfoque "Una Salud" para integrar la salud humana, animal y del ecosistema en la lucha frente a estas enfermedades. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las asociaciones entre garrapatas, hospederos vertebrados y bacterias del género Rickettsia en Colombia. Entre 2015 y 2023, se recolectaron garrapatas de la vegetación y parasitando animales silvestres, animales domésticos y humanos en siete departamentos de Colombia. Así mismo, se recolectaron muestras de suero y tejidos de mamíferos silvestres en los departamentos de Caldas y Risaralda. Se recolectaron 551 garrapatas pertenecientes a 23 especies de los géneros Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Ixodes, Ornithodoros y Rhipicephalus. Se realizó la detección e identificación de ADN de Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia parkeri cepa NOD, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia cf. monacensis, Rickettsia rickettsii, 'Candidatus Rickettsia colombianensi', Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae y 'Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae' en garrapatas o mamíferos silvestres. Así mismo, se detectaron anticuerpos contra Rickettsia (i.e., Rickettsia amblyommatis, R. bellii, R. parkeri, R. rickettsii y R. rhipicephali) en sueros de mamíferos silvestres. Los resultados evidencian la amplia diversidad de garrapatas y rickettsias en Colombia, y destacan el posible rol de la fauna silvestre en la circulación y transmisión de estas bacterias. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de promover investigaciones que refuercen la vigilancia y el control de la rickettsiosis en el país.Zoonotic vector-borne infectious diseases represent a global threat to human and animal health. Ticks act as vectors for a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria from the Rickettsia genus. These bacteria are responsible for rickettsioses, neglected diseases that often go unnoticed or are misdiagnosed as other conditions in tropical and subtropical regions. Rickettsia transmission cycles involve vectors and vertebrate hosts, where some wild mammals serve as key amplifying hosts. In response to the challenges posed by these diseases, international organizations promote the "One Health" approach to integrate human, animal, and ecosystem health. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the associations between ticks, vertebrate hosts, and Rickettsia bacteria in Colombia. Between 2015 and 2023, ticks were collected from vegetation and actively feeding on wild and domestic animals and humans from seven departments of Colombia. Additionally, serum and tissue samples from wild mammals were collected in the departments of Caldas and Risaralda. A total of 551 ticks belonging to 23 species from the genera Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Ixodes, Ornithodoros, and Rhipicephalus were collected. DNA from Rickettsia bellii, R. felis, R. parkeri strain NOD, R. parkeri, R. cf. monacensis, R. rickettsii, ‘Candidatus Rickettsia colombianensi’, ‘Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae’, and ‘Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae’ was detected in ticks or wild mammals. Antibodies against Rickettsia species (i.g., R. amblyommatis, R. bellii, R. parkeri, R. rickettsii, and R. rhipicephali) were also detected in wild mammal sera. The findings highlight the broad diversity of ticks and Rickettsia species in Colombia, emphasizing the potential role of wildlife in the circulation and transmission of these bacteria. The results underscore the importance of promoting research to strengthen the surveillance and control of rickettsiosis in the country.Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología e Innovación - Programa Minciencias “Relación, distribución, taxonomía de especies de garrapatas asociadas a mamíferos silvestres en zonas endémicas de rickettsiosis en Colombia. Una aproximación al entendimiento de la relación patógeno-vector reservorio”INTRODUCCIÓN / Pregunta de investigación / Objetivos / Objetivo general / Objetivos específicos / MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS / Área de estudio / Identificación morfológica y molecular de garrapatas / Captura de mamíferos y toma de muestras / Detección de anticuerpos contra Rickettsia / Detección e identificación molecular de Rickettsia / Relaciones filogenéticas / RESULTADOS / CAPÍTULO I Interacciones entre rickettsias y garrapatas asociadas a hospederos vertebrados en Colombia / CAPÍTULO II Rickettsias en mamíferos silvestres de los Andes colombianos / CONSIDERACIONES FINALES / REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICASMaestríaMagister en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad de CaldasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesCaldas - ColombiaMaestría en Ciencias BiológicasRivera Páez, FredyCastaño-Villa, Gabriel JaimeGEBIOME Genética, biodiversidad y manejo de ecosistemas (Categoría A1)Ramírez Hernández, AlejandroÁlvarez López, María ElenaAlvarez Londoño, Johnathan2025-06-09T14:53:05Z2025-06-09T14:53:05Z2025-06-09Trabajo de grado - Maestríahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMhttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARThttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb179 páginasapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/22330Universidad de CaldasRepositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldasrepositorio.ucaldas.edu.cospaAlvarez-Londoño J, Giraldo-Noreña DF, Martínez-Sánchez ET, Rivera-Páez FA, Matta NE. 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