Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México

Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico con el objetivo de explorar la asociación entre el conocimiento que tiene la población general de México sobre COVID-19 y las variables sociodemográficas de interés. Un total de 758 adultos entre 18 y 74 años (M=37,3 DE=12,6), 88,9% con educación superio...

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Fecha de publicación:: 2022

Institución:: Universidad de Caldas

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas

Idioma:: eng

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repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México Knowledge about COVID-19 in the General Population of Mexico
title	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
spellingShingle	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México Conocimiento COVID-19 Opinión Pública Concienciación Infecciones por Coronavirus Knowledge COVID-19 Public Opinion Awareness Coronavirus Infections Conhecimento COVID-19 Opinião Pública Conscientização Infeções por Coronavírus
title_short	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
title_full	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
title_fullStr	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
title_full_unstemmed	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
title_sort	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de México
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	Conocimiento COVID-19 Opinión Pública Concienciación Infecciones por Coronavirus Knowledge COVID-19 Public Opinion Awareness Coronavirus Infections Conhecimento COVID-19 Opinião Pública Conscientização Infeções por Coronavírus
topic	Conocimiento COVID-19 Opinión Pública Concienciación Infecciones por Coronavirus Knowledge COVID-19 Public Opinion Awareness Coronavirus Infections Conhecimento COVID-19 Opinião Pública Conscientização Infeções por Coronavírus
description	Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico con el objetivo de explorar la asociación entre el conocimiento que tiene la población general de México sobre COVID-19 y las variables sociodemográficas de interés. Un total de 758 adultos entre 18 y 74 años (M=37,3 DE=12,6), 88,9% con educación superior y 33,2% trabajadores de la salud, diligenciaron un cuestionario en línea sobre conocimientos la enfermedad y la Escala de Temor a COVID-5, adaptada por el equipo de investigación. La proporción de conocimientos altos sobre COVID-19 fue del 41,0%. Las personas con educación superior y los profesionales de la salud presentaron puntajes de conocimientos altos en comparación con los que tenían primaria y secundaria y con los que no pertenecían al gremio de la salud RP = 1,25 IC 95% (1,05 – 1,48). Se concluye que las personas con escolaridad superior y los profesionales de la salud tienen mejores puntajes de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad, mientras que el conocimiento alto sobre COVID-19 solo se asoció con ser profesional de la salud.
publishDate	2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2022-01-01 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z 2025-10-08T21:26:43Z 2025-10-08T21:26:43Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Artículo de revista http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 Text info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal article http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
status_str	publishedVersion
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identifier_str_mv	0121-7577 10.17151/hpsal.2023.28.1.9 2462-8425
url	https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/24072 https://doi.org/10.17151/hpsal.2023.28.1.9
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	eng
language	eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv	131 1 117 28 Hacia la Promoción de la Salud Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet [Internet]. 2020; 395(10223):507–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7 Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KS, Lau EH, Wong JY. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020; 382(13):1199–207. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316 Tang B, Wang X, Li Q, Bragazzi, NL, Tang S, Xiao Y, Wu J. Estimation of the Transmission Risk of the 2019-nCoV and Its Implication for Public Health Interventions. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2020;9(2), 462. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020462 World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Mythbusters [Internet]. [cited 2023, May.30]. 2020a. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters Bates BR, Moncayo AL, Costales JA, Herrera-Cespedes CA, Grijalva MJ. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19 Among Ecuadorians During the Outbreak: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey. J Community Health [Internet]. 2020;45(6), 1158-67. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00916-7 Hezima A, Aljafari A, Aljafari A, Mohammad A, Adel I. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Sudanese residents towards COVID-19. East Mediterr Health J [Internet]. 2020; 26(6):646–51. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.20.076 Trejos-Herrera AM, Vinaccia S, Bahamón MJ. Coronavirus in Colombia: Stigma and quarantine. J Glob Health [Internet]. 2020; 10(2):020372. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.10.020372 Paul A, Sikdar D, Hossain MM, Amin MR, Deeba F, Mahanta J, Jabed MA, Islam MM, Noon SJ, Nath TK. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the novel coronavirus among Bangladeshis: Implications for mitigation measures. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020; 15(9),e0238492. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238492 Hager E, Odetokun IA, Bolarinwa O, Zainab A, Okechukwu O, Al-Mustapha AI. Knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic: A bi-national survey in Africa. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(7), e0236918. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236918 Bates BR, Villegas Botero A, Grijalva MJ. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Colombians during the outbreak: an online cross-sectional survey. J Healthc Commun [Internet]. 2020;13(4):262–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2020.1842843 Lau JTF, Yang X, Tsui H, Kim JH. Monitoring community responses to the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: from day 10 to day 62. J Epidemiol Community Health [Internet]. 2003; 57(11):864–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.57.11.864 Person B, Sy F, Holton K, Govert B, Liang A. Fear and stigma: The epidemic within the SARS outbreak. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2004;10(2),358-363. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1002.030750 Geldsetzer P. Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19 Among the General Public in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online Survey. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2020;173(2), 157-160. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0912 Zhong B-L, Luo W, Li H-M, Zhang Q-Q, Liu X-G, Li W-T, Li Y. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci [Internet]. 2020;16(10):1745–52. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221 Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(5), e0233668. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233668 Hernández Blanco J. Sample size for a clinic trial. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2006;21(2), 118–121. Available at: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-99572006000200010 Geldsetzer P. Use of Rapid Online Surveys to Assess People’s Perceptions During Infectious Disease Outbreaks: A Cross sectional Survey on COVID-19. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2020;22(4):e18790. https://doi.org/10.2196/18790 World Health Organization (WHO). Q&A on coronaviruses. (COVID-19) [Internet]. [cited 2023, May.30]. 2020b. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19 Borsa JC, Damásio BF, Bandeira DR. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Psychological Instruments: Some Considerations. Paid (Ribeirão Preto) [Internet]. 2012; 22(53), 423-432. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-863X2012000300014 Ramada-Rodilla JM, Serra-Pujadas C, Delclós-Clanchet GL. Adaptación cultural y validación de cuestionarios de salud: revisión y recomendaciones metodológicas. Salud Publ Mex [Internet]. 2013; 55(1):57–66. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-36342013000100009 Ferreira MBG, Haas VJ, Dantas RAS, Felix MM dos S, Galvão CM. Cultural adaptation and validation of an instrument on barriers for the use of research results 1. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem [Internet]. 2017;25(e2852), 1-8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1652.2852 Cassiani-Miranda CA, Campo-Arias A, Tirado-Otálvaro AF, Botero-Tobón LA, Upegui-Arango LD, Rodríguez-Verdugo MS, et al. Stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 in the general Colombian population. Int J Soc Psychiatry [Internet]. 2021;67(6):728–36. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764020972445 Ahorsu DK, Lin C-Y, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The fear of COVID-19 scale: Development and initial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict [Internet]. 2022;20(3):1537–45. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8 Mercado-Lara MF, Campo-Arias A, Monterrosa-Castro Á. Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of Fear of COVID-19 Scale in Colombian physicians. Int J Ment Health Addict [Internet]. 2022;20(2):1122–9. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00430-w Shapiro SS, Francia RS. An approximate analysis of variance test for normality. J Am Stat Assoc [Internet]. 1972;67(337):215–6. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1972.10481232 Honarvar B, Lankarani KB, Kharmandar A, Shaygani F, Zahedroozgar M, Rahmanian Haghighi MR, Ghahramani S, Honarvar H, Daryabadi MM, Salavati Z. Knowledge, attitudes, risk perceptions, and practices of adults toward COVID-19: a population and field-based study from Iran. Int J Public Health [Internet]. 2020; 65(6), 731–739. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01406-2 Kasemy ZA, Bahbah WA, Zewain SK, Haggag MG, Alkalash SH, Zahran E, Desouky DE. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward COVID-19 among Egyptians. J Epidemiol Glob Health [Internet]. 2020;10(4):378–85. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.200909.001 Islam MS, Sarkar T, Khan SH, Mostofa Kamal A-H, Hasan SMM, Kabir A, Yeasmin D, Islam MA, Chowdhury KIA, Anwar KS. COVID-19-Related Infodemic and Its Impact on Public Health: A Global Social Media Analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg [Internet]. 2020;103(4):1621–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0812 Ransing R, Ramalho R, Orsolini L, Adiukwu F, Gonzalez-Diaz JM, Larnaout A, et al. Can COVID-19 related mental health issues be measured? Brain Behav Immun [Internet]. 2020; 88:32–4. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.049 Lv M, Luo X, Estill J, Liu Y, Ren M, Wang J, Wang Q, Zhao S, Wang X, Yang S. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a scoping review. Euro Surveill [Internet]. 2020;25, 2000125. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.15.2000125 Escribano-Hervis E. La educación en América Latina: Desarrollo y perspectivas. Rev actual investig educ [Internet]. 2017;17(2), 355–377. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15517/aie.v17i1.28147 World Bank. “La educación en América Latina enfrenta una crisis silenciosa, que con el tiempo se volverá estridente” [Internet]. World Bank; 2020. Available at: https://www.bancomundial.org/es/news/feature/2020/06/01/covid19-coronavirus-educacion-america-latina Ahmed N, Shakoor M, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T, Mariam Q, Rehman MA. Knowledge, Awareness and Practice of Health care Professionals amid SARS-CoV-2, Corona Virus Disease Outbreak. Pak J Med Sci [Internet]. 2020; 36: S49–56. Available at: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2704 Kassie BA, Adane A, Tilahun YT, Kassahun EA, Ayele AS, Belew AK. Knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and associated factors among health care providers in Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(8), e0238415. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238415 Huynh G, Nguyen TNH, Vo KN, Pham LA. Knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 among healthcare workers at District 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. Asian Pac J Trop [Internet]. 2020;13(6),1-7. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.280396 Parikh PA, Shah BV, Phatak AG, Vadnerkar AC, Uttekar S, Thacker N, Nimbalkar, SM. COVID-19 pandemic: Knowledge and perceptions of the public and healthcare professionals. Cureus [Internet]. 2020;12(5),e8144. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8144 Borsetto D, Hopkins C, Philips V, Obholzer R, Tirelli G, Polesel J, Boscolo-Rizzo P. Self-reported alteration of sense of smell or taste in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis on 3563 patients. Rhinology [Internet]. 2020;58(5),430-436. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4193/Rhin20.185 Samaranayake LP, Fakhruddin KS, Panduwawala C. Sudden onset, acute loss of taste and smell in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand [Internet]. 2020;78(6):467–73. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/00016357.2020.1787505 Tong JY, Wong A, Zhu D, Fastenberg JH, Tham T. The Prevalence of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg [Internet]. 2020;163(1):3–11. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820926473 World Health Organization (WHO). Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. [Internet]. 2020. [cited 2023, May.30]. Available at: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 Carrillo-Larco RM, Altez-Fernandez C. Anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19: A systematic review. Wellcome Open Res [Internet]. 2020;5(94),1-14. Available at: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15917.1 Al-Hanawi MK, Angawi K, Alshareef N, Qattan AMN, Helmy HZ, Abudawood Y, Alqurashi M, Kattan WM, Kadasah NA, Chirwa GC. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Toward COVID-19 Among the Public in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front public health [Internet]. 2020; 8(217),1-10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00217 Rabbani U, Al Saigul AM. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Health Care Workers about Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Saudi Arabia. J Epidemiol Glob Health [Internet]. 2021;11(1):60–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.200819.002 Sultana J, Mazzaglia G, Luxi N, Cancellieri A, Capuano A, Ferrajolo C, de Waure C, Ferlazzo G, Trifirò G. Potential effects of vaccinations on the prevention of COVID-19: rationale, clinical evidence, risks, and public health considerations. Expert Rev Vaccines [Internet]. 2020;19(10):919–36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2020.1825951 Paguio JA, Yao JS, Dee EC. Silver lining of COVID-19: Heightened global interest in pneumococcal and influenza vaccines, an infodemiology study. Vaccine [Internet]. 2020;38(34):5430–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.06.069 Núm. 1 , Año 2023 : Enero - Junio https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/download/8305/6917
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas
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spelling	Conocimientos sobre COVID-19 en la población general de MéxicoKnowledge about COVID-19 in the General Population of MexicoConocimientoCOVID-19Opinión PúblicaConcienciaciónInfecciones por CoronavirusKnowledgeCOVID-19Public OpinionAwarenessCoronavirus InfectionsConhecimentoCOVID-19Opinião PúblicaConscientizaçãoInfeções por CoronavírusSe realizó un estudio observacional analítico con el objetivo de explorar la asociación entre el conocimiento que tiene la población general de México sobre COVID-19 y las variables sociodemográficas de interés. Un total de 758 adultos entre 18 y 74 años (M=37,3 DE=12,6), 88,9% con educación superior y 33,2% trabajadores de la salud, diligenciaron un cuestionario en línea sobre conocimientos la enfermedad y la Escala de Temor a COVID-5, adaptada por el equipo de investigación. La proporción de conocimientos altos sobre COVID-19 fue del 41,0%. Las personas con educación superior y los profesionales de la salud presentaron puntajes de conocimientos altos en comparación con los que tenían primaria y secundaria y con los que no pertenecían al gremio de la salud RP = 1,25 IC 95% (1,05 – 1,48). Se concluye que las personas con escolaridad superior y los profesionales de la salud tienen mejores puntajes de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad, mientras que el conocimiento alto sobre COVID-19 solo se asoció con ser profesional de la salud.An analytical observational study was conducted to investigate the association between knowledge of COVID-19 in the general population of Mexico and sociodemographic variables of interest. A total of 758 adults between 18 and 74 years old (M = 37.3 SD = 12.6), of which 88.9% had higher education and 33.2% were health care workers, participated in an online questionnaire assessing disease knowledge and the COVID-5 item Fear Scale, which was adapted by the research team. The proportion of individuals with high knowledge about COVID-19 was found to be 41.0%. Participants with higher education and healthcare professionals demonstrated higher knowledge scores in comparison to those with primary and secondary education, as well as non-healthcare professionals (PR=1.25, 95%CI 1.05-1.48). In conclusion, that people with higher education and healthcare workers exhibited better knowledge scores regarding the disease, while high knowledge about COVID-19 was only associated with being a health professional.Universidad de Caldas2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2025-10-08T21:26:43Z2023-01-01T00:00:00Z2025-10-08T21:26:43Z2022-01-01Artículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85application/pdf0121-7577https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/2407210.17151/hpsal.2023.28.1.92462-8425https://doi.org/10.17151/hpsal.2023.28.1.9https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/view/8305eng131111728Hacia la Promoción de la SaludChen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet [Internet]. 2020; 395(10223):507–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KS, Lau EH, Wong JY. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus–Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2020; 382(13):1199–207. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316Tang B, Wang X, Li Q, Bragazzi, NL, Tang S, Xiao Y, Wu J. Estimation of the Transmission Risk of the 2019-nCoV and Its Implication for Public Health Interventions. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2020;9(2), 462. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020462World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: Mythbusters [Internet]. [cited 2023, May.30]. 2020a. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-bustersBates BR, Moncayo AL, Costales JA, Herrera-Cespedes CA, Grijalva MJ. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19 Among Ecuadorians During the Outbreak: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey. J Community Health [Internet]. 2020;45(6), 1158-67. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00916-7Hezima A, Aljafari A, Aljafari A, Mohammad A, Adel I. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Sudanese residents towards COVID-19. East Mediterr Health J [Internet]. 2020; 26(6):646–51. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.20.076Trejos-Herrera AM, Vinaccia S, Bahamón MJ. Coronavirus in Colombia: Stigma and quarantine. J Glob Health [Internet]. 2020; 10(2):020372. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.10.020372Paul A, Sikdar D, Hossain MM, Amin MR, Deeba F, Mahanta J, Jabed MA, Islam MM, Noon SJ, Nath TK. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the novel coronavirus among Bangladeshis: Implications for mitigation measures. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020; 15(9),e0238492. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238492Hager E, Odetokun IA, Bolarinwa O, Zainab A, Okechukwu O, Al-Mustapha AI. Knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic: A bi-national survey in Africa. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(7), e0236918. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236918Bates BR, Villegas Botero A, Grijalva MJ. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Colombians during the outbreak: an online cross-sectional survey. J Healthc Commun [Internet]. 2020;13(4):262–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2020.1842843Lau JTF, Yang X, Tsui H, Kim JH. Monitoring community responses to the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: from day 10 to day 62. J Epidemiol Community Health [Internet]. 2003; 57(11):864–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.57.11.864Person B, Sy F, Holton K, Govert B, Liang A. Fear and stigma: The epidemic within the SARS outbreak. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2004;10(2),358-363. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1002.030750Geldsetzer P. Knowledge and Perceptions of COVID-19 Among the General Public in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online Survey. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2020;173(2), 157-160. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0912Zhong B-L, Luo W, Li H-M, Zhang Q-Q, Liu X-G, Li W-T, Li Y. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci [Internet]. 2020;16(10):1745–52. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.45221Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(5), e0233668. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233668Hernández Blanco J. Sample size for a clinic trial. Rev Colomb Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2006;21(2), 118–121. Available at: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-99572006000200010Geldsetzer P. Use of Rapid Online Surveys to Assess People’s Perceptions During Infectious Disease Outbreaks: A Cross sectional Survey on COVID-19. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2020;22(4):e18790. https://doi.org/10.2196/18790World Health Organization (WHO). Q&A on coronaviruses. (COVID-19) [Internet]. [cited 2023, May.30]. 2020b. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19Borsa JC, Damásio BF, Bandeira DR. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Psychological Instruments: Some Considerations. Paid (Ribeirão Preto) [Internet]. 2012; 22(53), 423-432. 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