Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.

En el presente artículo de revisión, se actualiza el conocimiento sobre las alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes. Fue analizada la literatura científica de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académ...

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2022
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Universidad de Caldas
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Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
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https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/23685
https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/view/4705
Palabra clave:
glándula tiroides
pequeños rumiantes
salud animal
producción animal
thyroid gland
small ruminants
animal health
animal production
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Revista Biosalud - 2013
id REPOUCALDA_4a3b80f55513a160b106a98c30d97017
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co:ucaldas/23685
network_acronym_str REPOUCALDA
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
Alterations of thyroid hormones levels and their influence in health and production in small ruminants
title Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
spellingShingle Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
glándula tiroides
pequeños rumiantes
salud animal
producción animal
thyroid gland
small ruminants
animal health
animal production
title_short Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
title_full Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
title_fullStr Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
title_full_unstemmed Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
title_sort Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv glándula tiroides
pequeños rumiantes
salud animal
producción animal
thyroid gland
small ruminants
animal health
animal production
topic glándula tiroides
pequeños rumiantes
salud animal
producción animal
thyroid gland
small ruminants
animal health
animal production
description En el presente artículo de revisión, se actualiza el conocimiento sobre las alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes. Fue analizada la literatura científica de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en el presente artículo de revisión, clasificándose en secciones a saber: la alimentación, la reproducción y preñez, la lactancia, el crecimiento de fibras, el hipotiroidismo en rumiantes. Puede concluirse que la glándula tiroides juega un papel importante, como productora de hormonas tiroideas, las que son necesarias para la diferenciación celular y crecimiento del organismo en pequeños rumiantes. El buen funcionamiento de las vías metabólicas depende de estas hormonas, ya que tienen efectos específicos sobre diferentes órganos, manteniendo la homeostasis entre todos los tejidos.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-03-17T00:36:38Z
2022-03-17T00:36:38Z
2022-03-17
2025-10-08T21:16:13Z
2025-10-08T21:16:13Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Artículo de revista
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bc
Text
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Journal article
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 1657-9550
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https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/view/4705
identifier_str_mv 1657-9550
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dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 48
1
39
12
Biosalud
Todini L. Thyroid hormones in small ruminants: effects of endogenous, environmental and nutritional factors. Animal 2007; 1(7):997-1008.
Matamoros R, Gomez C, Andaur M. Hormonas de utilidad diagnóstica en Medicina Veterinaria. Arch Med Vet 2002; 34 (2):167-182
Colodel MM, Martins E, Martins VMV, Marques Júnior AP. Serum concentration of thyroid hormones in crioula lanada serrana ewes in gestation and lactation. Arch. Zootec 2010; 59(228):509-517.
Pattanaik AK, Khana SA, Mohanty DN, Varshney VP. Nutritional performance, clinical chemistry and semen characteristics of goats fed a mustard (Brassica juncea) cake based supplement with or without iodine. Small Ruminant Res 2004; 54:173-182
Morales CA, Rodríguez N. Hormonas tiroideas en la reproducción y en la producción láctea del ganado lechero: revisión de literatura. Rev Col Cienc Pec 2005; 18(2):136-148
Puchala R, Prieto I, Banskalieva V, Goetsch AL, Lachica M, Sahlu T. Effects of bovine somatotropin and thyroid hormone status on hormone levels, body weight gain, and mohair fiber growth of Angora goats. J Anim Sci 2001; 79:2913-2919
Romo GA, Elsasser TH, Kahl S, Erdman RA, Casper DP. Dietary fatty acids modulate hormone responses in lactating cows: mechanistic role for 5’-deiodinase activity in tissue. Domest Anim Endocrin 1997; 14(6):409-420
Haque N, Varshney VP, Khan MI, Lal M. Effect of feeding Leucaena leucocephala supplemented rations on thyroid hormones and fasting heat productionin Jamunapari goats. Small Ruminant Res1996; 19:29-33
Yami A, Litherland AJ, Davis JJ, Sahlu T, Puchala R, Goetsch AL. Effects of dietary level of Leucaena leucocephala on performance of Angora and Spanish doelings. Small Ruminant Res 2000; 38:17-27
Rock MJ, Kincaid RL, Carstens GE. Effects of prenatal source and level of dietary selenium on passive immunity and thermometabolism of newborn lambs. Small Ruminant Res 2001; 40:129-138
Ward MA, Neville TL, Reed JJ, Taylor JB, Hallford DM, Soto Navarro SA, Vonnahme KA, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Caton JS. Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1254-1262.
Baltaci AK, Mogulkoc R, Kul A, Bediz CS, Ugur A. Opposite effects of zinc and melatonin on thyroid hormones in rats. Toxicology 2004; 195:69-75
Zamiri MJ, Khodaei HR. Seasonal thyroidal activity and reproductive characteristics of Iranian fattailed rams. Anim Reprod Sci 2005; 88:245-255
Skipor J, Misztal T, Kaczmarek MM. Independent changes of thyroid hormones in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid after melatonin treatment in ewes. Theriogenology 2010a; 74:236-245
Skipor J, Misztal T, Szczepkowska A. Thyroid hormones in the cerebrospinal fluid of the third ventricle of adult female sheep during different periods of reproductive activity. Pol J Vet Sci 2010b; 13(4):587-595
Błaszczyk B, Udała J, Gaczarzewicz D. Changes in estradiol, progesterone, melatonin, prolactin and thyroxine concentrations in blood plasma of goats following induced estrus in and outside the natural breeding season. Small Ruminant Res 2004; 51: 209–219
Souza MI, Bicudo SD, Uribe Velásquez LF, Ramos AA. Circadian and circannual rhythms of T3 and T4 secretions in Polwarth–Ideal rams. Small Ruminant Res 2002; 46:1-5
Matamoros R, Contreras PA, Wittwer F, Mayorga MI. Hipotiroidismo en rumiantes. Arch Med Vet 2003; 35 (1):1-11
Gifford CA, Duffey JL, Knight RL, Hallford DM. Serum thyroid hormones and performance of offspring in ewes receiving propylthiouracil with or without melatonin. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 100:32-43
Rosa HJD, Bryant MJ. Seasonality of reproduction in sheep. Small Ruminant Res 2003; 48:155-171
Gündoğan M. Seasonal variation in serum testosterone, T3 and andrological parameters of two Turkish sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Res 2007; 67: 312–316
Wells NH, Hallford DM, Hernández JA. Serum thyroid hormones and reproductive characteristics of Rambouillet ewe lambs treated with propylthiouracil before puberty. Theriogenology 2003; 59(5-6):1403-1413
Achmadi J, Terashima Y. The effect of propylthiouracyl-induced low thyroid function on secretion response and action of insulin in sheep. Domest. Anim. Endocrin 1995; 12:157-166
Klocek-Gorka B, Szczesna M, Molik E, Zieba DA. The interactions of season, leptin and melatonin levels with thyroid hormone secretion, using an in vitro approach. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 91:231-235.
Huszenicza GY, Kulcsar M, Rudas P. Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants. Vet Med Czech 2002; 47(7):199-210.
Villar D, Rhind SM, Dicks P, McMillen SR, Nicol F, Arthur JR. Effect of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism on thyroid hormone profiles and tissue deiodinase activity in cashmere goats. Small Ruminant Res 1998; 29:317-324
Wu SY, Polk DH, Huang WS, Green WL, Thai B, Fisher DA. Fetal-tomaternal transfer of thyroid hormone metabolites in late gestation in sheep. Pediatr Res 2006; 59:102-106.
Celi P, Di Trana A, Claps S. Effects of perinatal nutrition on lactational performance, metabolic and hormonal profiles of dairy goats and respective kids. Small Ruminant Res 2008; 79:129-136
Todini L, Malfatti A, Valbonesi A, Trabalza-Marinucci M, Debenedetti A. Plasma total T3 and T4 concentrations in goats at different physiological stages, as affected by the energy intake. Small Ruminant Res 2007; 68:285-290
Cassar-Malek I, Picard B, Kahl S, Hocquette JF. Relationships between thyroid status, tissue oxidative metabolism, and muscle differentiation in bovine fetuses. Domest Anim Endocrin 2007; 33:91-106
Campos R, Giraldo L. Efecto de la raza y la edad sobre las concentraciones de hormonas tiroideas T3 y T4 de bovinos en condiciones tropicales. Acta Agron 2008; 57(2):137-141
Kilby MD, Barber K, E. Hobbs E, Franklyn JA. Thyroid Hormone Action in the Placenta. Placenta 2005; 26:105-113.
Karapehlivan M, Atakisi E, Atakisi O, Yucayurt R, Pancarci Sm. Blood biochemical parameters during the lactation and dry period in Tuj ewes. Small Ruminant Res. 2007; 73:267-271
Capuco AV, Connor EE, Wood DL. Regulation of Mammary Gland Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones During the Transition from Pregnancy to Lactation. Exp Biol Med 2008; 233(10):1309-1314
Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP, Head HH, Croom WJ. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy cows on mammary uptake of glucose, oxygen and other milk fat precursors. J Anim Sci 1998; 66:80-89.
McClean C, Laaverld B. Effect of somatotropin and protein supplement on thvroid function of dairv cattle. Can J Anim Sci 1991; 7l:1053-1061
Buys N, Peeters R, Kuèhn ER, Decuypere E. Synergetic effect of pimozide and thyrotropin releasing hormone on prolactin and thyrotropin release during the drying off of ewes. Small Ruminant Res 2001; 39:59-66
Slebodzinski AB, Brzezinska-Slebodzinska E, Styczynska E, Szejnoga M. Presence of thyroxine deiodinases in mammary gland: possible modulation of the enzyme-deiodinating activity by somatotropin. Domestic Anim Endocrin 1999; 17: 161–169
Moraes e Amorim EA, Alves Torres CA, Bruschi JE, Ferreira Da Fonseca J, Guimarães JD, Cecon PR, De Carvalho GR. Produção e composição do leite, metabólitos sangüíneos e concentração hormonal de cabras lactantes da raça Toggenburg tratadas com somatotropina bovina recombinante. R Bras Zootec 2006; 35(1):147-153
Abecia JA, Valares JA, Forcada F. The effect of melatonin treatment on wool growth and thyroxine secretion in sheep. Small Ruminant Res 2005; 56:265-270
Abecia JA, Zuñiga O, Forcada F. Effect of Melatonin Treatment in Spring and Feed Intake on Wool Growth and Thyroxine Secretion in Rasa Aragonesa Ewes. Small Animal Res 2000; 41:265-270
De Moraes GV, Vera Avila HR, Lewis AW, Koch JW, Neuendorff DA. Influence of hypo and hyperthyroidism on ovarian function in Brahman cows. J Anim Sci 1998; 76:871-879.
Firat A, Özpinar A, Serpek B, Haliloğlu S. Comparisons of Serum Somatotropin, 3,5,3_-Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, Total Protein and Free Fatty Acid Levels in Newborn Sakiz Lambs Separated from or Suckling Their Dams. Ann. Nutr. Metab 2005; 49:88-94
Contreras PA, Wittwer F, Ruiz V, Robles A, Böhmwald H. Valores sanguíneos de triyodotironina y tiroxina y vacas Frisón Negro a pastoreo. Arch Med Vet 1999; 31:205-210.
Rudas P, Ronai ZS, Bartha T. Thyroid hormone metabolism in the brain of domestic animals. Domest Anim Endocrin 2005; 29:88-96.
Mandiki SNM, Mabon N, Derycke G, Bister Jl, Wathelet JP, Paquay R, Marlier M. Chemical changes and influences of rapeseed antinutritional factors on lamb physiology and performance. 2. Plasma substances and activity of the thyroid. Anim Feed Sci Tech 1999; 81:93-103.
Singh JL, Sharma MC, Kumar M, Gupta GC, Kumare S. Immune status of goats in endemic goitre and its therapeutic management. Small Ruminant Res 2006; 63:249-255
Das MM, Singhal KK. Effect of feeding chemically treated mustard cake on growth, thyroid and liver functions and carcass characteristics in kids. Small Ruminant Res 2005; 56:31-38
Cunningham JG. Fisiología Veterinaria. 3ª Ed. El Sevier. 2003; p. 341-348
Hetzel BS, Mano MT. A review of experimental studies of iodine deficiency during fetal development. J Nutr 1989; 119(2):145-151
Sano H, Takebayashi A.. Effects of moderate hyperthyroidism and time relative to feeding on tissue responsiveness to insulin in sheep. Comp Biochem Physiol Part B 2003; 136:515-520
Pascual-Leone AM. Interacción entre hormonas tiroideas y factores de crecimiento IGFs1. Anal Real Acad Farm 2000; 66:1-18
Zaninovich AA. Hormonas tiroideas, obesidad y termogénesis en grasa parda. Artículo especial. Medicina 2001; 61: 597-602
Núm. 1 , Año 2013 : Enero - Junio
https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/download/4705/4294
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Revista Biosalud - 2013
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Caldas
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Caldas
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spelling Alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes.Alterations of thyroid hormones levels and their influence in health and production in small ruminantsglándula tiroidespequeños rumiantessalud animalproducción animalthyroid glandsmall ruminantsanimal healthanimal productionEn el presente artículo de revisión, se actualiza el conocimiento sobre las alteraciones de los niveles de hormonas tiroideas y su influencia en la salud y producción de pequeños rumiantes. Fue analizada la literatura científica de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en el presente artículo de revisión, clasificándose en secciones a saber: la alimentación, la reproducción y preñez, la lactancia, el crecimiento de fibras, el hipotiroidismo en rumiantes. Puede concluirse que la glándula tiroides juega un papel importante, como productora de hormonas tiroideas, las que son necesarias para la diferenciación celular y crecimiento del organismo en pequeños rumiantes. El buen funcionamiento de las vías metabólicas depende de estas hormonas, ya que tienen efectos específicos sobre diferentes órganos, manteniendo la homeostasis entre todos los tejidos.The present review article updates the knowledge of thyroid hormones levels alterations and its their influence in health and production production in of small ruminants. It was analyzed the sScientific literature from the last 50 years from the data bases BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus y and Scirus data bases was analyzed, as well as historic articles, texts and public public published works cited references. Pertinent iInformation related to the purpose of the present review update article was obtained and classified as follows: nutrition, reproduction and pregnancy, breastfeeding, fiber growth, and hypothyroidism in small ruminants. It can be concluded that the thyroid gland plays an important role producing thyroid hormones which are necessary for cellular differentiation and organic growth in small ruminants. The adequate functioning of metabolic ways depends of these hormones, which because they have specific effects over on different organs maintaining the homeostasis between all the tissues.Universidad de Caldas2022-03-17T00:36:38Z2025-10-08T21:16:13Z2022-03-17T00:36:38Z2025-10-08T21:16:13Z2022-03-17Artículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcTextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleJournal articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTREVinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1application/pdf1657-9550https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/236852462-960Xhttps://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/view/4705https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/view/4705spa4813912BiosaludTodini L. Thyroid hormones in small ruminants: effects of endogenous, environmental and nutritional factors. Animal 2007; 1(7):997-1008.Matamoros R, Gomez C, Andaur M. Hormonas de utilidad diagnóstica en Medicina Veterinaria. Arch Med Vet 2002; 34 (2):167-182Colodel MM, Martins E, Martins VMV, Marques Júnior AP. Serum concentration of thyroid hormones in crioula lanada serrana ewes in gestation and lactation. Arch. Zootec 2010; 59(228):509-517.Pattanaik AK, Khana SA, Mohanty DN, Varshney VP. Nutritional performance, clinical chemistry and semen characteristics of goats fed a mustard (Brassica juncea) cake based supplement with or without iodine. Small Ruminant Res 2004; 54:173-182Morales CA, Rodríguez N. Hormonas tiroideas en la reproducción y en la producción láctea del ganado lechero: revisión de literatura. Rev Col Cienc Pec 2005; 18(2):136-148Puchala R, Prieto I, Banskalieva V, Goetsch AL, Lachica M, Sahlu T. Effects of bovine somatotropin and thyroid hormone status on hormone levels, body weight gain, and mohair fiber growth of Angora goats. J Anim Sci 2001; 79:2913-2919Romo GA, Elsasser TH, Kahl S, Erdman RA, Casper DP. Dietary fatty acids modulate hormone responses in lactating cows: mechanistic role for 5’-deiodinase activity in tissue. Domest Anim Endocrin 1997; 14(6):409-420Haque N, Varshney VP, Khan MI, Lal M. Effect of feeding Leucaena leucocephala supplemented rations on thyroid hormones and fasting heat productionin Jamunapari goats. Small Ruminant Res1996; 19:29-33Yami A, Litherland AJ, Davis JJ, Sahlu T, Puchala R, Goetsch AL. Effects of dietary level of Leucaena leucocephala on performance of Angora and Spanish doelings. Small Ruminant Res 2000; 38:17-27Rock MJ, Kincaid RL, Carstens GE. Effects of prenatal source and level of dietary selenium on passive immunity and thermometabolism of newborn lambs. Small Ruminant Res 2001; 40:129-138Ward MA, Neville TL, Reed JJ, Taylor JB, Hallford DM, Soto Navarro SA, Vonnahme KA, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Caton JS. Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1254-1262.Baltaci AK, Mogulkoc R, Kul A, Bediz CS, Ugur A. Opposite effects of zinc and melatonin on thyroid hormones in rats. Toxicology 2004; 195:69-75Zamiri MJ, Khodaei HR. Seasonal thyroidal activity and reproductive characteristics of Iranian fattailed rams. Anim Reprod Sci 2005; 88:245-255Skipor J, Misztal T, Kaczmarek MM. Independent changes of thyroid hormones in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid after melatonin treatment in ewes. Theriogenology 2010a; 74:236-245Skipor J, Misztal T, Szczepkowska A. Thyroid hormones in the cerebrospinal fluid of the third ventricle of adult female sheep during different periods of reproductive activity. Pol J Vet Sci 2010b; 13(4):587-595Błaszczyk B, Udała J, Gaczarzewicz D. Changes in estradiol, progesterone, melatonin, prolactin and thyroxine concentrations in blood plasma of goats following induced estrus in and outside the natural breeding season. Small Ruminant Res 2004; 51: 209–219Souza MI, Bicudo SD, Uribe Velásquez LF, Ramos AA. Circadian and circannual rhythms of T3 and T4 secretions in Polwarth–Ideal rams. Small Ruminant Res 2002; 46:1-5Matamoros R, Contreras PA, Wittwer F, Mayorga MI. Hipotiroidismo en rumiantes. Arch Med Vet 2003; 35 (1):1-11Gifford CA, Duffey JL, Knight RL, Hallford DM. Serum thyroid hormones and performance of offspring in ewes receiving propylthiouracil with or without melatonin. Anim Reprod Sci 2007; 100:32-43Rosa HJD, Bryant MJ. Seasonality of reproduction in sheep. Small Ruminant Res 2003; 48:155-171Gündoğan M. Seasonal variation in serum testosterone, T3 and andrological parameters of two Turkish sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Res 2007; 67: 312–316Wells NH, Hallford DM, Hernández JA. Serum thyroid hormones and reproductive characteristics of Rambouillet ewe lambs treated with propylthiouracil before puberty. Theriogenology 2003; 59(5-6):1403-1413Achmadi J, Terashima Y. The effect of propylthiouracyl-induced low thyroid function on secretion response and action of insulin in sheep. Domest. Anim. Endocrin 1995; 12:157-166Klocek-Gorka B, Szczesna M, Molik E, Zieba DA. The interactions of season, leptin and melatonin levels with thyroid hormone secretion, using an in vitro approach. Small Ruminant Res 2010; 91:231-235.Huszenicza GY, Kulcsar M, Rudas P. Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants. Vet Med Czech 2002; 47(7):199-210.Villar D, Rhind SM, Dicks P, McMillen SR, Nicol F, Arthur JR. Effect of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism on thyroid hormone profiles and tissue deiodinase activity in cashmere goats. Small Ruminant Res 1998; 29:317-324Wu SY, Polk DH, Huang WS, Green WL, Thai B, Fisher DA. Fetal-tomaternal transfer of thyroid hormone metabolites in late gestation in sheep. Pediatr Res 2006; 59:102-106.Celi P, Di Trana A, Claps S. Effects of perinatal nutrition on lactational performance, metabolic and hormonal profiles of dairy goats and respective kids. Small Ruminant Res 2008; 79:129-136Todini L, Malfatti A, Valbonesi A, Trabalza-Marinucci M, Debenedetti A. Plasma total T3 and T4 concentrations in goats at different physiological stages, as affected by the energy intake. Small Ruminant Res 2007; 68:285-290Cassar-Malek I, Picard B, Kahl S, Hocquette JF. Relationships between thyroid status, tissue oxidative metabolism, and muscle differentiation in bovine fetuses. Domest Anim Endocrin 2007; 33:91-106Campos R, Giraldo L. Efecto de la raza y la edad sobre las concentraciones de hormonas tiroideas T3 y T4 de bovinos en condiciones tropicales. Acta Agron 2008; 57(2):137-141Kilby MD, Barber K, E. Hobbs E, Franklyn JA. Thyroid Hormone Action in the Placenta. Placenta 2005; 26:105-113.Karapehlivan M, Atakisi E, Atakisi O, Yucayurt R, Pancarci Sm. Blood biochemical parameters during the lactation and dry period in Tuj ewes. Small Ruminant Res. 2007; 73:267-271Capuco AV, Connor EE, Wood DL. Regulation of Mammary Gland Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones During the Transition from Pregnancy to Lactation. Exp Biol Med 2008; 233(10):1309-1314Davis SR, Collier RJ, McNamara JP, Head HH, Croom WJ. Effects of thyroxine and growth hormone treatment of dairy cows on mammary uptake of glucose, oxygen and other milk fat precursors. J Anim Sci 1998; 66:80-89.McClean C, Laaverld B. Effect of somatotropin and protein supplement on thvroid function of dairv cattle. Can J Anim Sci 1991; 7l:1053-1061Buys N, Peeters R, Kuèhn ER, Decuypere E. Synergetic effect of pimozide and thyrotropin releasing hormone on prolactin and thyrotropin release during the drying off of ewes. 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Medicina 2001; 61: 597-602Núm. 1 , Año 2013 : Enero - Juniohttps://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/biosalud/article/download/4705/4294Revista Biosalud - 2013https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Osorio, José HenryCorrea, Daironoai:repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co:ucaldas/236852025-10-08T21:16:13Z