Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica

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Fecha de publicación:: 2025

Institución:: Universidad de Caldas

Repositorio:: Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas

Idioma:: spa

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network_acronym_str	REPOUCALDA
network_name_str	Repositorio Institucional U. Caldas
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
title	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
spellingShingle	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica 610 - Medicina y salud 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud EPOC Entrenamiento físico Educación nutricional Composición corporal Desempeño físico Biomarcadores COPD Physical training Nutritional education Body composition Physical functional performance Biomarkers Educación física Dietética Malnutrición Calidad de vida
title_short	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
title_full	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
title_fullStr	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
title_full_unstemmed	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
title_sort	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv	Gonzalez-Correa, Clara Helena Nutrición, Metabolismo y Seguridad Alimentaria (Categoría B) Calle Rubio, Myriam ASTUDILLO MUÑOZ, ELCY YANED Colina Gallo, Evelyn
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	610 - Medicina y salud 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud EPOC Entrenamiento físico Educación nutricional Composición corporal Desempeño físico Biomarcadores COPD Physical training Nutritional education Body composition Physical functional performance Biomarkers Educación física Dietética Malnutrición Calidad de vida
topic	610 - Medicina y salud 3. Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud EPOC Entrenamiento físico Educación nutricional Composición corporal Desempeño físico Biomarcadores COPD Physical training Nutritional education Body composition Physical functional performance Biomarkers Educación física Dietética Malnutrición Calidad de vida
description	Tablas, figuras
publishDate	2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2025-10-17T16:35:43Z 2025-10-17T16:35:43Z 2025-10-15
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	Trabajo de grado - Doctorado http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 Text info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/25937 Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co
url	https://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/25937
identifier_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas Repositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldas repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	spa
language	spa
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Muscle-Bone Crosstalk in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Vol. 12, Frontiers in Endocrinology. Frontiers Media S.A.; 2021 Phillips KM, Lavere PF, Hanania NA, Adrish M. The Emerging Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review. Vol. 15, Diagnostics. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI); 2025 Arellano-Orden E, Calero-Acuña C, Cordero JA, Abad-Arranz M, Sánchez- López V, Márquez-Martín E, et al. Specific networks of plasma acute phase reactants are associated with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case-control study. Int J Med Sci. 2017 Jan 15;14(1):67–74 Wyrwich KW, Fihn SD, Tierney WM, Kroenke K, Babu AN, Wolinsky FD. Clinically important changes in health-related quality of life for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An expert consensus panel report. J Gen Intern Med. 2003;18(3):196–202 Vonbank K, Strasser B, Mondrzyk J, Marzluf BA, Richter B, Losch S, et al. Strength training increases maximum working capacity in patients with COPD - Randomized clinical trial comparing three training modalities. Respir Med [Internet]. 2012;106(4):557–63 Betancour Peña J, Muñoz Erazo BE, Mora Guerra RV. Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica al ingreso de un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar TT - Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of pulmonary rehabilitation program. Rev colomb rehabil [Internet]. 2015;14(1):46–53 Oates GR, Hamby BW, Stepanikova I, Knight SJ, Bhatt SP, Hitchcock J, et al. Social Determinants of Adherence to Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 2017 Nov 2;14(6):610–7 Kjrgaard J, Juhl CB, Lange P, Wilcke T. Adherence to early pulmonary rehabilitation after COPD exacerbation and risk of hospital readmission: A secondary analysis of the COPD-EXA-REHAB study. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2020 Aug 19;7(1).
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud Colombia, Caldas, Manizales Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	Universidad de Caldas Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud Colombia, Caldas, Manizales Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas
institution	Universidad de Caldas
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spelling	Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica610 - Medicina y salud3. Ciencias Médicas y de la SaludEPOCEntrenamiento físicoEducación nutricionalComposición corporalDesempeño físicoBiomarcadoresCOPDPhysical trainingNutritional educationBody compositionPhysical functional performanceBiomarkersEducación físicaDietéticaMalnutriciónCalidad de vidaTablas, figurasObjetivo: evaluar el efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con EPOC. Metodología: ensayo clínico aleatorizado prospectivo. 60 pacientes con EPOC fueron aleatorizados en tres grupos: entrenamiento físico (EF), entrenamiento físico combinado con educación nutricional (EFEN) y grupo control (GC) (sin intervención) para una intervención de 12 semanas. El entrenamiento físico consistió en tres sesiones semanales en las que se entrenó fuerza, resistencia aeróbica e interválica y flexibilidad. La educación nutricional se llevó a cabo mediante la socialización de la cartilla “Recomendaciones de alimentación para pacientes con EPOC” elaborada específicamente para este ensayo. Pre y post- intervención, se evaluaron variables de función pulmonar, composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional, inflamación sistémica y calidad de vida. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en función pulmonar y composición corporal post-intervención. El grupo EFEN presentó mejoras significativas en los síntomas respiratorios, con reducciones en los puntajes del cuestionario CAT (p=0,003; η²p=0,210) y la escala mMRC (p=0,01; η²=0,147). La velocidad de la marcha (p=0,002; η²p=0,151), la prueba de levantarse de la silla y el puntaje total del SPPB (p=0,029; η²p=0,122), registraron mejoras significativas en los grupos EFEN y EF. Los niveles de IL-6 disminuyeron significativamente en el grupo EFEN (p=0,004; η²p=0,150), mientras que no se observaron diferencias en TNF-α, PCR ni fibrinógeno. La calidad de vida mejoró significativamente en el grupo EFEN, con una reducción en el puntaje total del cuestionario St. George (p<0,001; η²p=0,252) y en sus tres dimensiones: síntomas (p=0,001), actividades (p=0,002) y participación (p=0,001), todas con tamaños del efecto grandes. Conclusión: La intervención combinada de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional demostró ser significativamente más eficaz que el entrenamiento físico aislado y el manejo convencional en la mejora de los síntomas respiratorios, la capacidad funcional, la reducción de la inflamación sistémica y la calidad de vida en pacientes con EPOC.Objective: to evaluate the effect of a physical training and nutritional education intervention on body composition, dietary habits, functional capacity, and inflammatory markers in individuals with COPD. Methodology: prospective randomized clinical trial. Sixty COPD patients were randomized into three groups: physical training (PT), physical training combined with nutritional education (PTNE), and control group (CG) (no intervention) for a 12-week intervention. The physical training consisted of three weekly sessions, focusing on strength, aerobic and interval endurance, and flexibility. Nutritional education was delivered through the distribution of the booklet “Dietary Recommendations for COPD Patients” specifically designed for this trial. Pre- and post-intervention, variables related to lung function, body composition, dietary habits, functional capacity, systemic inflammation, and quality of life were assessed. Results: No significant differences were found between groups in lung function and body composition post-intervention. The PTNE group showed significant improvements in respiratory symptoms, with reductions in CAT questionnaire scores (p=0.003; η²p=0.210) and mMRC scale scores (p=0.01; η²=0.147). Gait speed (p=0.002; η²p=0.151), the chair stand test, and total SPPB score (p=0.029; η²p=0.122) showed significant improvements in both PTNE and PT groups. IL-6 levels decreased significantly in the PTNE group (p=0.004; η²p=0.150), while no differences were observed in TNF-α, CRP, or fibrinogen levels. Quality of life significantly improved in the PTNE group, with a reduction in the total score of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (p<0.001; η²p=0.252) and its three dimensions: symptoms (p=0.001), activities (p=0.002), and impacts (p=0.001), all with large effect sizes. Conclusion: The combined physical training and nutritional education intervention proved to be significantly more effective than physical training alone and conventional management in improving respiratory symptoms, functional capacity, reducing systemic inflammation, and enhancing quality of life in COPD patients.Introducción -- Planteamiento del problema -- Justificación -- Referente teórico -- EPOC: Definición, factores de riesgo y etiología; Diagnóstico y clasificación; Fisiopatología e impacto sistémico -- Estado nutricional y composición corporal en la EPOC: Factores que afectan el estado nutricional; Alteraciones de la composición corporal; Métodos de evaluación del estado nutricional y la composición corporal -- Capacidad funcional en la EPOC: Mecanismos fisiopatológicos que afectan la capacidad funcional; Métodos de evaluación de la capacidad funcional -- Biomarcadores inflamatorios en la EPOC: Marcadores inflamatorios como predictores de respuesta terapéutica -- Ejercicio físico en la EPOC: Entrenamiento de resistencia; Entrenamiento de fuerza -- Educación nutricional en la EPOC -- Contexto del territorio -- Objetivos: Objetivo general; Objetivos específicos -- Operacionalización de variables -- Hipótesis: Hipótesis nula; Hipótesis alterna -- Metodología: Enfoque y tipo de estudio; Población y muestra; Reclutamiento y selección de los participantes; Criterios de inclusión; Criterios de exclusión; Criterios de retirada del estudio; Aleatorización y protocolo del ensayo clínico; Control de sesgos; Técnicas, instrumentos y procedimientos de recolección de información: Variables sociodemográficas; Características clínicas y hábito tabáquico; Función pulmonar y sintomatología; Composición corporal; Hábitos alimentarios; Capacidad funcional; Marcadores inflamatorios; Calidad de vida; Protocolo de entrenamiento físico: Fase inicial; Fase central; Fase final; Protocolo de educación nutricional; Protocolo y seguimiento para el grupo control; Procedimientos; Análisis estadístico; Consideraciones éticas -- Resultados: Descripción de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la muestra; Descripción de composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios pre-intervención; Comparación intragrupal pre vs post intervención; Comparación intergrupal post intervención; Análisis de la interacción Tiempo × Grupo; Mínimo Cambio Clínicamente Importante (MCCI) -- Discusión -- Conclusiones -- Recomendaciones -- Referencias -- AnexosDoctoradoEnsayo clínico aleatorizado prospectivo. 60 pacientes con EPOC fueron aleatorizados en tres grupos: entrenamiento físico (EF), entrenamiento físico combinado con educación nutricional (EFEN) y grupo control (GC) (sin intervención) para una intervención de 12 semanas. El entrenamiento físico consistió en tres sesiones semanales en las que se entrenó fuerza, resistencia aeróbica e interválica y flexibilidad. La educación nutricional se llevó a cabo mediante la socialización de la cartilla “Recomendaciones de alimentación para pacientes con EPOC” elaborada específicamente para este ensayo. Pre y postintervención, se evaluaron variables de función pulmonar, composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional, inflamación sistémica y calidad de vida.Doctor(a) en Ciencias BiomédicasAlimentación saludableUniversidad de CaldasFacultad de Ciencias para la SaludColombia, Caldas, ManizalesDoctorado en Ciencias BiomédicasGonzalez-Correa, Clara HelenaNutrición, Metabolismo y Seguridad Alimentaria (Categoría B)Calle Rubio, MyriamASTUDILLO MUÑOZ, ELCY YANEDColina Gallo, EvelynPineda Zuluaga, Maria Camila2025-10-17T16:35:43Z2025-10-17T16:35:43Z2025-10-15Trabajo de grado - Doctoradohttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis227 páginasapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://repositorio.ucaldas.edu.co/handle/ucaldas/25937Universidad de CaldasRepositorio Institucional Universidad de Caldasrepositorio.ucaldas.edu.cospaGlobal Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 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Efecto de una intervención de entrenamiento físico y educación nutricional sobre la composición corporal, hábitos alimentarios, capacidad funcional y marcadores inflamatorios en personas con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica

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