Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives
Los manglares en el sudeste asiático brindan numerosos servicios de apoyo, aprovisionamiento, regulación y culturales que son cruciales para el medio ambiente y los medios de vida locales, ya que respaldan la conservación de la biodiversidad y la resiliencia al cambio climático. Sin embargo, los man...
- Autores:
-
Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía
Blanton, Austin
Basil Ewane, Ewane
McTavish, Freddie
Watt f, Michael S.
Rogers, Kerrylee
Daneil, Redeat
Vizcaino, Irene
Novo Gómez, Ana
Pitumpe Arachchige, Pavithra S.
King, Shalini A.L.
Galgamuwa, G.A. Pabodha
al-Musawi, Layla
Montenegro, Jorge F.
Broadbent, Eben North
Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María
Hudak, Andrew T.
Swangjang, Kanokporn
Velásquez-Camacho, Luisa
Polania Vorenberg, Jaime Hening
Srinivasan, Shruthi
Abdullah, Meshal M.
Charabi, Yassine A.R.
Wan Mohd Jaafar, Wan Shafrina
Musa, Fazilah
Sidik, Frida
Al-Awadhi, Talal
Ali, Tarig
Doaemo, Willie
Mohan, Midhun
- Tipo de recurso:
- Article of investigation
- Fecha de publicación:
- 2024
- Institución:
- Universidad Autónoma de Occidente
- Repositorio:
- RED: Repositorio Educativo Digital UAO
- Idioma:
- eng
- OAI Identifier:
- oai:red.uao.edu.co:10614/16176
- Acceso en línea:
- https://hdl.handle.net/10614/16176
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12152
https://red.uao.edu.co/
- Palabra clave:
- Ecotourism activities
Mangrove ecotourism sites
Ecotourism impacts on mangroves
Mangrove ecosystem services
Mangrove mapping
Conservation and restoration initiatives
Actividades de ecoturismo
Sitios de ecoturismo de manglares
Impactos del ecoturismo en los manglares
Servicios ecosistémicos de los manglares
Mapeo de manglares
Iniciativas de conservación y restauración
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- Derechos reservados - Elsevier, 2024
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| dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| dc.title.translated.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ecoturismo y conservación de manglares en el Sudeste Asiático: Tendencias y perspectivas actuales |
| title |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| spellingShingle |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives Ecotourism activities Mangrove ecotourism sites Ecotourism impacts on mangroves Mangrove ecosystem services Mangrove mapping Conservation and restoration initiatives Actividades de ecoturismo Sitios de ecoturismo de manglares Impactos del ecoturismo en los manglares Servicios ecosistémicos de los manglares Mapeo de manglares Iniciativas de conservación y restauración |
| title_short |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| title_full |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| title_fullStr |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| title_sort |
Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives |
| dc.creator.fl_str_mv |
Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía Blanton, Austin Basil Ewane, Ewane McTavish, Freddie Watt f, Michael S. Rogers, Kerrylee Daneil, Redeat Vizcaino, Irene Novo Gómez, Ana Pitumpe Arachchige, Pavithra S. King, Shalini A.L. Galgamuwa, G.A. Pabodha al-Musawi, Layla Montenegro, Jorge F. Broadbent, Eben North Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María Hudak, Andrew T. Swangjang, Kanokporn Velásquez-Camacho, Luisa Polania Vorenberg, Jaime Hening Srinivasan, Shruthi Abdullah, Meshal M. Charabi, Yassine A.R. Wan Mohd Jaafar, Wan Shafrina Musa, Fazilah Sidik, Frida Al-Awadhi, Talal Ali, Tarig Doaemo, Willie Mohan, Midhun |
| dc.contributor.author.none.fl_str_mv |
Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía Blanton, Austin Basil Ewane, Ewane McTavish, Freddie Watt f, Michael S. Rogers, Kerrylee Daneil, Redeat Vizcaino, Irene Novo Gómez, Ana Pitumpe Arachchige, Pavithra S. King, Shalini A.L. Galgamuwa, G.A. Pabodha al-Musawi, Layla Montenegro, Jorge F. Broadbent, Eben North Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María Hudak, Andrew T. Swangjang, Kanokporn Velásquez-Camacho, Luisa Polania Vorenberg, Jaime Hening Srinivasan, Shruthi Abdullah, Meshal M. Charabi, Yassine A.R. Wan Mohd Jaafar, Wan Shafrina Musa, Fazilah Sidik, Frida Al-Awadhi, Talal Ali, Tarig Doaemo, Willie Mohan, Midhun |
| dc.subject.proposal.spa.fl_str_mv |
Ecotourism activities Mangrove ecotourism sites Ecotourism impacts on mangroves Mangrove ecosystem services Mangrove mapping Conservation and restoration initiatives |
| topic |
Ecotourism activities Mangrove ecotourism sites Ecotourism impacts on mangroves Mangrove ecosystem services Mangrove mapping Conservation and restoration initiatives Actividades de ecoturismo Sitios de ecoturismo de manglares Impactos del ecoturismo en los manglares Servicios ecosistémicos de los manglares Mapeo de manglares Iniciativas de conservación y restauración |
| dc.subject.proposal.eng.fl_str_mv |
Actividades de ecoturismo Sitios de ecoturismo de manglares Impactos del ecoturismo en los manglares Servicios ecosistémicos de los manglares Mapeo de manglares Iniciativas de conservación y restauración |
| description |
Los manglares en el sudeste asiático brindan numerosos servicios de apoyo, aprovisionamiento, regulación y culturales que son cruciales para el medio ambiente y los medios de vida locales, ya que respaldan la conservación de la biodiversidad y la resiliencia al cambio climático. Sin embargo, los manglares del sudeste asiático enfrentan amenazas de deforestación por la expansión de la acuicultura comercial, la agricultura y el desarrollo urbano, junto con los procesos naturales relacionados con el cambio climático. El ecoturismo ha ganado prominencia como una herramienta de incentivo financiero para apoyar la conservación y restauración de los manglares. A través de un enfoque de revisión sistemática de la literatura, examinamos las relaciones entre el ecoturismo y la conservación de los manglares en el sudeste asiático con base en artículos científicos publicados entre 2010 y 2022. La mayoría de los estudios se informaron en Indonesia, Malasia, Filipinas, Tailandia y Vietnam, respectivamente, que se asociaron con el mayor número de sitios vibrantes de ecoturismo de manglares y las áreas de manglares más grandes en comparación con los otros países del sudeste asiático. Las actividades de ecoturismo relacionadas con los manglares en los países mencionados incluyen principalmente recorridos en barco, observación de aves y vida silvestre, plantación de manglares, kayak, consumo de mariscos y snorkel. Los beneficios económicos, como el aumento de los ingresos asociados al ecoturismo de manglares, han impulsado el desarrollo de infraestructura en los destinos ecoturísticos. Las comunidades locales se beneficiaron de un mayor acceso a servicios sociales como agua potable, electricidad, redes de transporte, escuelas y servicios de salud, que buscan hacer los destinos más atractivos para los turistas. Los beneficios económicos del ecoturismo de manglares motivaron la implementación de diversas iniciativas comunitarias de conservación y restauración de manglares, que atrajeron incentivos financieros internacionales y asociaciones público-privadas. Dado que los manglares se ubican principalmente en tierras ocupadas por pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales, garantizar el respeto de sus derechos territoriales y la equidad en la distribución de beneficios económicos puede aumentar su motivación intrínseca y su participación en las iniciativas de restauración y conservación de manglares. Las herramientas de teledetección para el monitoreo, la evaluación y la elaboración de informes sobre manglares, así como las campañas integradas de educación y concientización, pueden garantizar la conservación a largo plazo de los manglares, a la vez que se mantienen los beneficios de la infraestructura económica y los servicios sociales del ecoturismo |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-08 |
| dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-06-16T16:09:07Z |
| dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv |
2025-06-16T16:09:07Z |
| dc.type.spa.fl_str_mv |
Artículo de revista |
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http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 |
| dc.type.coar.eng.fl_str_mv |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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Text |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 |
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publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.citation.spa.fl_str_mv |
Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía, et.al. (2024). Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Environmental Management. Volume 365, August. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12152 |
| dc.identifier.issn.spa.fl_str_mv |
03014797 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10614/16176 |
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12152 |
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10958630 |
| dc.identifier.instname.spa.fl_str_mv |
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente |
| dc.identifier.reponame.spa.fl_str_mv |
Respositorio Educativo Digital UAO |
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https://red.uao.edu.co/ |
| identifier_str_mv |
Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía, et.al. (2024). Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Environmental Management. Volume 365, August. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12152 03014797 10958630 Universidad Autónoma de Occidente Respositorio Educativo Digital UAO |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10614/16176 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.12152 https://red.uao.edu.co/ |
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eng |
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eng |
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365 |
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Journal of Environmental Management |
| dc.relation.references.none.fl_str_mv |
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Palacios Peñaranda, Martha LucíaBlanton, AustinBasil Ewane, EwaneMcTavish, FreddieWatt f, Michael S.Rogers, KerryleeDaneil, RedeatVizcaino, IreneNovo Gómez, AnaPitumpe Arachchige, Pavithra S.King, Shalini A.L.Galgamuwa, G.A. Pabodhaal-Musawi, LaylaMontenegro, Jorge F.Broadbent, Eben NorthAlmeyda Zambrano, Angélica MaríaHudak, Andrew T.Swangjang, KanokpornVelásquez-Camacho, LuisaPolania Vorenberg, Jaime HeningSrinivasan, ShruthiAbdullah, Meshal M.Charabi, Yassine A.R.Wan Mohd Jaafar, Wan ShafrinaMusa, FazilahSidik, FridaAl-Awadhi, TalalAli, TarigDoaemo, WillieMohan, Midhun2025-06-16T16:09:07Z2025-06-16T16:09:07Z2024-08Palacios Peñaranda, Martha Lucía, et.al. (2024). Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Environmental Management. Volume 365, August. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.1215203014797https://hdl.handle.net/10614/16176https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.1215210958630Universidad Autónoma de OccidenteRespositorio Educativo Digital UAOhttps://red.uao.edu.co/Los manglares en el sudeste asiático brindan numerosos servicios de apoyo, aprovisionamiento, regulación y culturales que son cruciales para el medio ambiente y los medios de vida locales, ya que respaldan la conservación de la biodiversidad y la resiliencia al cambio climático. Sin embargo, los manglares del sudeste asiático enfrentan amenazas de deforestación por la expansión de la acuicultura comercial, la agricultura y el desarrollo urbano, junto con los procesos naturales relacionados con el cambio climático. El ecoturismo ha ganado prominencia como una herramienta de incentivo financiero para apoyar la conservación y restauración de los manglares. A través de un enfoque de revisión sistemática de la literatura, examinamos las relaciones entre el ecoturismo y la conservación de los manglares en el sudeste asiático con base en artículos científicos publicados entre 2010 y 2022. La mayoría de los estudios se informaron en Indonesia, Malasia, Filipinas, Tailandia y Vietnam, respectivamente, que se asociaron con el mayor número de sitios vibrantes de ecoturismo de manglares y las áreas de manglares más grandes en comparación con los otros países del sudeste asiático. Las actividades de ecoturismo relacionadas con los manglares en los países mencionados incluyen principalmente recorridos en barco, observación de aves y vida silvestre, plantación de manglares, kayak, consumo de mariscos y snorkel. Los beneficios económicos, como el aumento de los ingresos asociados al ecoturismo de manglares, han impulsado el desarrollo de infraestructura en los destinos ecoturísticos. Las comunidades locales se beneficiaron de un mayor acceso a servicios sociales como agua potable, electricidad, redes de transporte, escuelas y servicios de salud, que buscan hacer los destinos más atractivos para los turistas. Los beneficios económicos del ecoturismo de manglares motivaron la implementación de diversas iniciativas comunitarias de conservación y restauración de manglares, que atrajeron incentivos financieros internacionales y asociaciones público-privadas. Dado que los manglares se ubican principalmente en tierras ocupadas por pueblos indígenas y comunidades locales, garantizar el respeto de sus derechos territoriales y la equidad en la distribución de beneficios económicos puede aumentar su motivación intrínseca y su participación en las iniciativas de restauración y conservación de manglares. Las herramientas de teledetección para el monitoreo, la evaluación y la elaboración de informes sobre manglares, así como las campañas integradas de educación y concientización, pueden garantizar la conservación a largo plazo de los manglares, a la vez que se mantienen los beneficios de la infraestructura económica y los servicios sociales del ecoturismoMangroves in Southeast Asia provide numerous supporting, provisioning, regulating, and cultural services that are crucial to the environment and local livelihoods since they support biodiversity conservation and climate change resilience. However, Southeast Asia mangroves face deforestation threats from the expansion of commercial aquaculture, agriculture, and urban development, along with climate change-related natural processes. Ecotourism has gained prominence as a financial incentive tool to support mangrove conservation and restoration. Through a systematic literature review approach, we examined the relationships between ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia based on scientific papers published from 2010 to 2022. Most of the studies were reported in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam, respectively, which were associated with the highest number of vibrant mangrove ecotourism sites and largest mangrove areas compared to the other countries of Southeast Asia. Mangrove-related ecotourism activities in the above countries mainly include boat tours, bird and wildlife watching, mangrove planting, kayaking, eating seafood, and snorkeling. The economic benefits, such as an increase in income associated with mangrove ecotourism, have stimulated infrastructural development in ecotourism destinations. Local communities benefited from increased access to social amenities such as clean water, electricity, transportation networks, schools, and health services that are intended to make destinations more attractive to tourists. Economic benefits from mangrove ecotourism motivated the implementation of several community-based mangrove conservation and restoration initiatives, which attracted international financial incentives and public-private partnerships. Since mangroves are mostly located on the land occupied by indigenous people and local communities, ensuring respect for their land rights and equity in economic benefit sharing may increase their intrinsic motivation and participation in mangrove restoration and conservation initiatives. Remote sensing tools for mangrove monitoring, evaluation, and reporting, and integrated education and awareness campaigns can ensure the long-term conservation of mangroves while sustaining ecotourism's economic infrastructure and social amenities benefits.17 páginasapplication/pdfengElsevierPaíses BajosDerechos reservados - Elsevier, 2024https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Ecotourism and mangrove conservation in Southeast Asia: Current trends and perspectivesEcoturismo y conservación de manglares en el Sudeste Asiático: Tendencias y perspectivas actualesArtículo de revistahttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1Textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ARTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85171365Journal of Environmental ManagementAjzen, I., 1991. 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Research on the development of tourism in Beibu Gulf from the perspective of comparing Gulfs worldwide. 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC), pp. 1432–1438. https://doi.org/10.1109/AIMSEC.2011.6010719Ecotourism activitiesMangrove ecotourism sitesEcotourism impacts on mangrovesMangrove ecosystem servicesMangrove mappingConservation and restoration initiativesActividades de ecoturismoSitios de ecoturismo de manglaresImpactos del ecoturismo en los manglaresServicios ecosistémicos de los manglaresMapeo de manglaresIniciativas de conservación y restauraciónComunidad generalPublicationORIGINALEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdfEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdfArchivo texto completo del artículo de revista, PDFapplication/pdf5085647https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/134c4f27-6376-4fe8-8466-a8a66d420cc2/download677f539b05733351ae1ac69308de7c96MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81672https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/8c1e1d2a-9387-4990-88a9-8736d42f85be/download6987b791264a2b5525252450f99b10d1MD52TEXTEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdf.txtEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain100288https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/d3217334-1f97-44ad-8dbd-f3bc9071cd7f/downloadec3ef20f648dbe01c89e85131a65b934MD53THUMBNAILEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdf.jpgEcotourism_and_mangrove_conservation_in_Southeast_Asia._Current_trends_and_perspectives.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg13915https://red.uao.edu.co/bitstreams/3b960e93-f23b-4ff1-9313-6822b050ff30/downloadaef58f7dfae2e6a52b5e29d1a1596f94MD5410614/16176oai:red.uao.edu.co:10614/161762025-06-21 03:01:30.541https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Derechos reservados - Elsevier, 2024open.accesshttps://red.uao.edu.coRepositorio Digital Universidad Autonoma de Occidenterepositorio@uao.edu.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 |