Evaluación de la captura de CO2 para la mejora del biogás, mediante un cultivo de la microalga chlorella vulgaris en un sistema de biorreactores a nivel laboratorio

The production of gases such as biogas from solid waste and wáter waste without being treated or recovered for a bio-environmental purpose, are large contributors to global warming and deterioration of the ozone layer. Under this context, technologies have been developed that recognize CH4 as a source alternative energy, in this case, in search of clean processes for the purification of CO2 from the biogas stream, a biological method is chosen using microalgae; since these microorganisms grow using light as energy and CO2 as a carbon source, highlighting its efficiency in fixing CO2 in its photosynthesis process. For this, 2 bioreactors were built, in the first reactor, a photobioreactor of concentric air-lift tubes, the growth and behavior of the culture was evaluated microalgal Chlorella vulgaris operating the FBR with constant light intensity and an ideal temperature of 26 ° C. From the second bioreactor, a UASB reactor, comes the biogas to be injected into the FBR for purification. Biogas is produced from of organic matter degradation by a granular sludge operating at a temperature of 35 ° C and an organic loading rate of 2 kgCOD / m3 d. The Injection of the biogas into the FBR is done in order to purify the CO2 contained in this biogas stream to achieve its improvement and thus reach a higher percentage of methane for combustion (CH4 concentration greater than 90% v / v). Regarding the quantification of CO2 fixation in the FBR, a method was proposed theoretical quantification of carbon content in biomass, as an effective method in the evaluation of the biofixation rate in microalgae. After collecting information, this method suggests that the biomass, productivity and fixation rate CO2 increases when the flow of biogas with CO2 is increased. A 45% CO2 concentration was chosen as the most effective for growth cultivation and biomass production. Based on the above, it was calculated that the percentage of CH4 [v / v] in the improved biogas was approximately 86.49 -92.47% for the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris.

• Fecha de publicación: 2020
• Institución: Universidad de América
• Repositorio: Lumieres
• Idioma: spa
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.uamerica.edu.co:20.500.11839/8133
• Acceso en línea: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11839/8133
• Palabra clave: Biogás; Dióxido de carbono; Microalgas; Biogas; Carbon dioxide; Microalgae; Tesis y disertaciones académicas
• License: Atribución – No comercial