Rapidly progressive cognitive impairment with neuropsychiatric symptoms as the initial manifestation of status epilepticus

The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical and electroencephalographic features of patients diagnosed with non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) with uncommon cognitive and behavioral involvement. We present two cases with sub-acute cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders (including anxiety and transient behavioral changes) as their first manifestation of NCSE. A neuropsychological profile demonstrated executive dysfunction. In addition, the neurological examination revealed automatisms and 24-hour video EEG showed epileptiform activity. Although neuroimaging studies showed frontotemporal abnormalities, both neurophysiological and cognitive improvement after specific antiseizure drug treatment confirmed the diagnosis of non-convulsive status. Theoretical considerations between mental status changes and focal epilepsy will be reviewed. Our cases raise awareness of the importance of considering NCSE, a treatable condition, in the differential diagnosis of rapidly-progressive cognitive impairment with neuropsychiatric symptoms. © 2016 The Authors

• Fecha de publicación: 2017
• Institución: Universidad del Rosario
• Repositorio: Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
• Idioma: eng
• OAI Identifier: oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/18803
• Acceso en línea: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebcr.2016.11.002; http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/18803
• Palabra clave: Behavior Changes; Cognitive Impairment; Epilepsy; Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus; Anticonvulsive Agent; Clobazam; Lacosamide; Levetiracetam; Phenytoin; Sertraline; Valproic Acid; Adult; Anxiety Disorder; Apnea Hypopnea Index; Article; Behavior Disorder; Bradylalia; Brain Disease; Brain Hemorrhage; Case Report; Clinical Feature; Cognitive Defect; Computer Assisted Tomography; Declarative Memory; Delta Rhythm; Disease Severity; Dysexecutive Syndrome; Electroencephalography; Epileptic Discharge; Epileptic State; Episodic Memory; Follow Up; Frontotemporal Disorder; Headache; Human; Hypoprosexia; Loading Drug Dose; Male; Medical History; Memory Disorder; Mental Disease; Middle Aged; Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion; Neuroimaging; Neurologic Examination; Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus; Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Outcome Assessment; Seizure; Sleep Disordered Breathing; Speech Disorder; Stroop Test; Trail Making Test; Unconsciousness; Verbal Behavior; Visual Memory; Working Memory
• License: Abierto (Texto Completo)