Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance

Introducción: Los iSGLT2 son medicamentos hipoglicemiantes utilizados en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, falla cardiaca aguda, enfermedad renal crónica y enfermedad coronaria. Su uso en el entorno ambulatorio ha permitido identificar diferentes eventos adversos. No obstante, la eviden...

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2024
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Universidad del Rosario
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Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
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spa
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oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/43039
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https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_43039
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/43039
Palabra clave:
Adultos
Hospitalización
iSGLT2
Eventos adversos
Adult
Hospitalization
SGLT2 inhibitors
Adverse events
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id EDOCUR2_494161b92d010f08e4c59d94d19306f4
oai_identifier_str oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/43039
network_acronym_str EDOCUR2
network_name_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
dc.title.TranslatedTitle.none.fl_str_mv Adverse events associated with the initiation of SGLT2 Inhibitors in hospitalized adult patients: a scoping review
title Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
spellingShingle Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
Adultos
Hospitalización
iSGLT2
Eventos adversos
Adult
Hospitalization
SGLT2 inhibitors
Adverse events
title_short Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
title_full Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
title_fullStr Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
title_full_unstemmed Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
title_sort Eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 en pacientes adultos hospitalizados: una revisión de alcance
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Ospina Medina, María Cristina
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Adultos
Hospitalización
iSGLT2
Eventos adversos
topic Adultos
Hospitalización
iSGLT2
Eventos adversos
Adult
Hospitalization
SGLT2 inhibitors
Adverse events
dc.subject.keyword.none.fl_str_mv Adult
Hospitalization
SGLT2 inhibitors
Adverse events
description Introducción: Los iSGLT2 son medicamentos hipoglicemiantes utilizados en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, falla cardiaca aguda, enfermedad renal crónica y enfermedad coronaria. Su uso en el entorno ambulatorio ha permitido identificar diferentes eventos adversos. No obstante, la evidencia sobre su seguridad en pacientes hospitalizados es limitada. Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia de presentación de eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 por cualquier indicación en pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Metodología: Revisión de alcance que sintetiza la evidencia sobre eventos adversos de iSGLT2 en adultos hospitalizados. Resultados: Los metaanálisis revisados no mostraron diferencias en eventos adversos renales y urinarios entre los iSGLT2 y la insulina (p = 0,293). No se incrementó el riesgo de lesión renal aguda (OR 0.76; IC 95% [0.50, 1.16]), hipotensión (OR 1.17; IC 95% [0.80, 1.71]) ni hipoglucemia (OR 1.51; IC 95% [0.86, 2.65]). Ensayos clínicos mostraron que los iSGLT2 eran seguros y eficaces, sin diferencias en seguridad entre el grupo de intervención y placebo. Un estudio observacional evidenció que la incidencia de lesión renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados tratados con iSGTL2 fue significativamente menor (p = 0,031), no obstante, un segundo estudio observacional multicéntrico describió 14 casos de cetoacidosis diabética asociadas al uso de iSGLT2. En los reportes de caso documentados se evidencia el desarrollo de cetoacidosis diabética tras la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos y/o ayuno prolongado. Discusión: Aunque algunos ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis sugieren que el uso intrahospitalario de iSGLT2 es generalmente seguro, reportes y estudios observacionales resaltan riesgos como la cetoacidosis euglucémica en ayuno prolongado y cirugía. Es esencial un monitoreo riguroso y evaluación individualizada en pacientes hospitalizados. Futuros estudios deben enfocarse en la seguridad y eficacia de iSGLT2 en este grupo, así como en estrategias para mitigar los riesgos asociados.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T01:08:25Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-17T01:08:25Z
dc.date.created.none.fl_str_mv 2024-07-02
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv bachelorThesis
dc.type.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.document.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado
dc.type.spa.none.fl_str_mv Trabajo de grado
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_43039
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/43039
url https://doi.org/10.48713/10336_43039
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/43039
dc.language.iso.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
dc.rights.coar.fl_str_mv http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.acceso.none.fl_str_mv Abierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
Abierto (Texto Completo)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.format.extent.none.fl_str_mv 52 pp
dc.format.mimetype.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
Universidad CES. Facultad de Medicina
dc.publisher.department.none.fl_str_mv Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisher.program.none.fl_str_mv Especialización en Epidemiología
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
Universidad CES. Facultad de Medicina
institution Universidad del Rosario
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Hullon, Darshan; Taherifard, Erfan; Al-Saraireh, Taif Haitham (2024) The effect of the four pharmacological pillars of heart failure on haemoglobin level. En: Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012). Vol. 86; No. 3; pp. 1575 - 1583; 2049-0801; Disponible en: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001773.
Soto-Chávez, María Juliana; Muñoz-Velandia, Oscar Mauricio; Alzate-Granados, Juan Pablo; Lombo, Carlos Ernesto; Henao-Carrillo, Diana Cristina; Gómez-Medina, Ana María (2022) Effectiveness and safety of new oral and injectable agents for in-hospital management of type 2 diabetes in general wards: Systematic review and meta-analysis. En: Diabetes Res Clin Pract. Vol. 191; pp. 110019 - 110019; 1872-8227; Consultado en: 0008/01/01/. Disponible en: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110019. Disponible en: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110019.
Salah, H.M.; Al’Aref, S.J.; Khan, M.S.; Al-Hawwas, M.; Vallurupalli, S.; Mehta, J.L.; Mounsey, J.P.; Greene, S.J.; McGuire, D.K.; Lopes, R.D.; Fudim, M. (2022) Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors initiation in patients with acute heart failure, with and without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. En: Cardiovascular Diabetology. Vol. 21; No. 1; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85124211781&doi=10.1186%2fs12933-022-01455-2&partnerID=40&md5=67b0675f34a8d27010ca53f28bae87b7. Disponible en: 10.1186/s12933-022-01455-2.
Heerspink, H.J.L.; Furtado, R.H.M.; Berwanger, O.; Koch, G.G.; Martinez, F.; Mukhtar, O.; Verma, S.; Gasparyan, S.B.; Tang, F.; Windsor, S.L.; de Souza-Dantas, V.C.; Sueldo, M.; Frankel, R.; Javaheri, A.; Maldonado, R.A.; Morse, C.; Mota-Gomes, M.; Shemin, D.; Silva, O.L.; Tognon, A.P.; Twahirwa, M.; Buenconsejo, J.; Esterline, R.; Oscarsson, J.; Ambery, P.; Langkilde, A.M.; Kosiborod, M.N. (2022) Dapagliflozin and Kidney Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Infection: An Analysis of the DARE-19 Randomized Controlled Trial. En: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Vol. 17; No. 5; pp. 643 - 654; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130425595&doi=10.2215%2fCJN.14231021&partnerID=40&md5=43ef98070bd40818e5eb9681617d1ab4. Disponible en: 10.2215/CJN.14231021.
Voors, A.A.; Angermann, C.E.; Teerlink, J.R.; Collins, S.P.; Kosiborod, M.; Biegus, J.; Ferreira, J.P.; Nassif, M.E.; Psotka, M.A.; Tromp, J.; Borleffs, C.J.W.; Ma, C.; Comin-Colet, J.; Fu, M.; Janssens, S.P.; Kiss, R.G.; Mentz, R.J.; Sakata, Y.; Schirmer, H.; Schou, M.; Schulze, P.C.; Spinarova, L.; Volterrani, M.; Wranicz, J.K.; Zeymer, U.; Zieroth, S.; Brueckmann, M.; Blatchford, J.P.; Salsali, A.; Ponikowski, P. (2022) The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: a multinational randomized trial. En: Nature Medicine. Vol. 28; No. 3; pp. 568 - 574; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125335849&doi=10.1038%2fs41591-021-01659-1&partnerID=40&md5=c22d7fc22b040c9f84c2bf3b545e047c. Disponible en: 10.1038/s41591-021-01659-1.
Schulze, P.C.; Bogoviku, J.; Westphal, J.; Aftanski, P.; Haertel, F.; Grund, S.; Von Haehling, S.; Schumacher, U.; Möbius-Winkler, S.; Busch, M. (2022) Effects of Early Empagliflozin Initiation on Diuresis and Kidney Function in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (EMPAG-HF). En: Circulation. Vol. 146; No. 4; pp. 289 - 298; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135270873&doi=10.1161%2fCIRCULATIONAHA.122.059038&partnerID=40&md5=9c51505c2b91027b0279c5d3bbc0162e. Disponible en: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059038.
Kambara, T.; Shibata, R.; Osanai, H.; Nakashima, Y.; Asano, H.; Murohara, T.; Ajioka, M. (2019) Importance of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor use in diabetic patients with acute heart failure. En: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease. Vol. 13; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077154129&doi=10.1177%2f1753944719894509&partnerID=40&md5=a39ad6fc9043d7241ff61cfc9c267438. Disponible en: 10.1177/1753944719894509.
Hitchen, S.A.; Lan, N.S.R.; Rankin, J.M.; Larbalestier, R.; Yeap, B.B.; Fegan, P.G. (2021) Real-world barriers and safety of initiating sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor treatment immediately following an acute cardiac event in people with diabetes. En: Journal of Diabetes and its Complications. Vol. 35; No. 12; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116381110&doi=10.1016%2fj.jdiacomp.2021.108057&partnerID=40&md5=799315da6703ae9bf50d6614fa539f82. Disponible en: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108057.
Hamblin, Peter S; Wong, Rosemary; Ekinci, Elif I; Fourlanos, Spiros; Shah, Sonali; Jones, Alicia R; Hare, Matthew J L; Calder, Genevieve L; Epa, Dilan Seneviratne; George, Elizabeth M; Giri, Rinky; Kotowicz, Mark A; Kyi, Mervyn; Lafontaine, Nicole; MacIsaac, Richard J; Nolan, Brendan J; O'Neal, David N; Renouf, Debra; Varadarajan, Suresh; Wong, Jennifer; Xu, Sylvia; Bach, Leon A (2019) SGLT2 Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Developing in the Community and During Hospital Admission. En: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Vol. 104; No. 8; pp. 3077 - 3087; 1945-7197; Consultado en: 0003/01/01/. Disponible en: https://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-00139. Disponible en: 10.1210/jc.2019-00139.
Ritchie, D.T.; Dixon, J. (2023) SGLT2 inhibitor associated euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis in an orthopaedic trauma patient. En: Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin. Vol. 62; No. 1; pp. 11 - 15; Disponible en: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164928801&doi=10.1136%2fdtb.2023.250233rep&partnerID=40&md5=de95ee76842db2ac0066b99ca4f6f3f5. Disponible en: 10.1136/dtb.2023.250233rep.
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spelling Ospina Medina, María Cristina4d505e32-5b3c-44a6-bb9c-662058c39ac2-1Merchán Paipa, Jorge DavidMulett Torres, Lia RosaBurgos Caro, Daniel AlejandroEspecialista en Epidemiología (en Convenio con el CES)EspecializaciónFull timee2121200-7471-4da1-a570-33630c653cb2-1153a9877-f53f-467a-a29b-c42ba9398ab8-1f0bfca75-4e4d-4b0b-932a-45b041e762e2-12024-07-17T01:08:25Z2024-07-17T01:08:25Z2024-07-02Introducción: Los iSGLT2 son medicamentos hipoglicemiantes utilizados en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, falla cardiaca aguda, enfermedad renal crónica y enfermedad coronaria. Su uso en el entorno ambulatorio ha permitido identificar diferentes eventos adversos. No obstante, la evidencia sobre su seguridad en pacientes hospitalizados es limitada. Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia de presentación de eventos adversos asociados al inicio de iSGLT2 por cualquier indicación en pacientes adultos hospitalizados. Metodología: Revisión de alcance que sintetiza la evidencia sobre eventos adversos de iSGLT2 en adultos hospitalizados. Resultados: Los metaanálisis revisados no mostraron diferencias en eventos adversos renales y urinarios entre los iSGLT2 y la insulina (p = 0,293). No se incrementó el riesgo de lesión renal aguda (OR 0.76; IC 95% [0.50, 1.16]), hipotensión (OR 1.17; IC 95% [0.80, 1.71]) ni hipoglucemia (OR 1.51; IC 95% [0.86, 2.65]). Ensayos clínicos mostraron que los iSGLT2 eran seguros y eficaces, sin diferencias en seguridad entre el grupo de intervención y placebo. Un estudio observacional evidenció que la incidencia de lesión renal aguda en pacientes hospitalizados tratados con iSGTL2 fue significativamente menor (p = 0,031), no obstante, un segundo estudio observacional multicéntrico describió 14 casos de cetoacidosis diabética asociadas al uso de iSGLT2. En los reportes de caso documentados se evidencia el desarrollo de cetoacidosis diabética tras la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos y/o ayuno prolongado. Discusión: Aunque algunos ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis sugieren que el uso intrahospitalario de iSGLT2 es generalmente seguro, reportes y estudios observacionales resaltan riesgos como la cetoacidosis euglucémica en ayuno prolongado y cirugía. Es esencial un monitoreo riguroso y evaluación individualizada en pacientes hospitalizados. Futuros estudios deben enfocarse en la seguridad y eficacia de iSGLT2 en este grupo, así como en estrategias para mitigar los riesgos asociados.Introduction: iSGLT2 are hypoglycemic medications used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease. Their use in outpatient settings has allowed for the identification of various adverse events. However, evidence on their safety in hospitalized patients is limited. Objectives: To describe the frequency of adverse events associated with the initiation of iSGLT2 for any indication in hospitalized adult patients. Methodology: A scoping review that synthesizes the evidence on adverse events of iSGLT2 in hospitalized adults. Results: The reviewed meta-analyses showed no differences in renal and urinary adverse events between iSGLT2 and insulin (p = 0.293). The use of iSGLT2 did not increase the risk of acute kidney injury (OR 0.76; 95% CI [0.50, 1.16]), hypotension (OR 1.17; 95% CI [0.80, 1.71]), or hypoglycemia (OR 1.51; 95% CI [0.86, 2.65]). Clinical trials showed that iSGLT2 were safe and effective, with no differences in safety outcomes between the intervention and placebo groups. An observational study showed that the incidence of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients treated with iSGLT2 was significantly lower (p = 0.031); however, a second multicenter observational study described 14 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis associated with iSGLT2 use. Case reports documented the development of diabetic ketoacidosis following surgical procedures and/or prolonged fasting. Discussion: Although some clinical trials and meta-analyses suggest that the inpatient use of iSGLT2 is generally safe, reports and observational studies highlight risks such as euglycemic ketoacidosis during prolonged fasting and surgery. Rigorous monitoring and individualized evaluation of hospitalized patients are essential. Future studies should focus on the safety and efficacy of iSGLT2 in this group, as well as strategies to mitigate the associated risks.52 ppapplication/pdfhttps://doi.org/10.48713/10336_43039 https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/43039spaUniversidad del RosarioUniversidad CES. Facultad de MedicinaEscuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la SaludEspecialización en EpidemiologíaAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 InternationalAbierto (Texto Completo)EL AUTOR, manifiesta que la obra objeto de la presente autorización es original y la realizó sin violar o usurpar derechos de autor de terceros, por lo tanto la obra es de exclusiva autoría y tiene la titularidad sobre la misma. PARGRAFO: En caso de presentarse cualquier reclamación o acción por parte de un tercero en cuanto a los derechos de autor sobre la obra en cuestión, EL AUTOR, asumirá toda la responsabilidad, y saldrá en defensa de los derechos aquí autorizados; para todos los efectos la universidad actúa como un tercero de buena fe. EL AUTOR, autoriza a LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, para que en los términos establecidos en la Ley 23 de 1982, Ley 44 de 1993, Decisión andina 351 de 1993, Decreto 460 de 1995 y demás normas generales sobre la materia, utilice y use la obra objeto de la presente autorización. -------------------------------------- POLITICA DE TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS PERSONALES. Declaro que autorizo previa y de forma informada el tratamiento de mis datos personales por parte de LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO para fines académicos y en aplicación de convenios con terceros o servicios conexos con actividades propias de la academia, con estricto cumplimiento de los principios de ley. Para el correcto ejercicio de mi derecho de habeas data cuento con la cuenta de correo habeasdata@urosario.edu.co, donde previa identificación podré solicitar la consulta, corrección y supresión de mis datos.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad A.; Norton, Luke; DeFronzo, Ralph A. (2011) Role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. En: Endocrine Reviews. Vol. 32; No. 4; pp. 515 - 531; 0163-769X, 1945-7189; Consultado en: 2023/04/29/01:47:10. Disponible en: https://academic.oup.com/edrv/article/32/4/515/2354752. Disponible en: 10.1210/er.2010-0029.Scheen, André J. (2018) Cardiovascular Effects of New Oral Glucose-Lowering Agents: DPP-4 and SGLT-2 Inhibitors. En: Circulation Research. Vol. 122; No. 10; pp. 1439 - 1459; 0009-7330, 1524-4571; Consultado en: 2023/04/29/01:47:31. Disponible en: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311588. Disponible en: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311588.Scheen, André J. (2015) Pharmacodynamics, Efficacy and Safety of Sodium–Glucose Co-Transporter Type 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. En: Drugs. Vol. 75; No. 1; pp. 33 - 59; 0012-6667, 1179-1950; Consultado en: 2023/04/29/01:47:18. Disponible en: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40265-014-0337-y. Disponible en: 10.1007/s40265-014-0337-y.Storgaard, Heidi; Gluud, Lise L.; Bennett, Cathy; Grøndahl, Magnus F.; Christensen, Mikkel B.; Knop, Filip K.; Vilsbøll, Tina (2016) Benefits and Harms of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. En: PLoS ONE. Vol. 11; No. 11; pp. e0166125 1932-6203; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:23:24. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5106000/. Disponible en: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166125.Bolinder, Jan; Ljunggren, Östen; Kullberg, Joel; Johansson, Lars; Wilding, John; Langkilde, Anna Maria; Sugg, Jennifer; Parikh, Shamik (2012) Effects of Dapagliflozin on Body Weight, Total Fat Mass, and Regional Adipose Tissue Distribution in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control on Metformin. En: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Vol. 97; No. 3; pp. 1020 - 1031; 0021-972X; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:25:25. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-2260. Disponible en: 10.1210/jc.2011-2260.Inoue, Hideka; Morino, Katsutaro; Ugi, Satoshi; Tanaka‐Mizuno, Sachiko; Fuse, Keiko; Miyazawa, Itsuko; Kondo, Keiko; Sato, Daisuke; Ohashi, Natsuko; Ida, Shogo; Sekine, Osamu; Yoshimura, Masahiro; Murata, Kiyoshi; Miura, Katsuyuki; Arima, Hisatomi; Maegawa, Hiroshi (2019) Ipragliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, reduces bodyweight and fat mass, but not muscle mass, in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients treated with insulin: A randomized clinical trial. En: Journal of Diabetes Investigation. Vol. 10; No. 4; pp. 1012 - 1021; 2040-1116; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:28:00. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626939/. Disponible en: 10.1111/jdi.12985.Fukuda, Tatsuya; Bouchi, Ryotaro; Terashima, Masahiro; Sasahara, Yuriko; Asakawa, Masahiro; Takeuchi, Takato; Nakano, Yujiro; Murakami, Masanori; Minami, Isao; Izumiyama, Hajime; Hashimoto, Koshi; Yoshimoto, Takanobu; Ogawa, Yoshihiro (2017) Ipragliflozin Reduces Epicardial Fat Accumulation in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Visceral Obesity: A Pilot Study. En: Diabetes Therapy. Vol. 8; No. 4; pp. 851 - 861; 1869-6953; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:29:56. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5544615/. Disponible en: 10.1007/s13300-017-0279-y.Kuchay, Mohammad Shafi; Krishan, Sonal; Mishra, Sunil Kumar; Farooqui, Khalid Jamal; Singh, Manish Kumar; Wasir, Jasjeet Singh; Bansal, Beena; Kaur, Parjeet; Jevalikar, Ganesh; Gill, Harmendeep Kaur; Choudhary, Narendra Singh; Mithal, Ambrish (2018) Effect of Empagliflozin on Liver Fat in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial (E-LIFT Trial). En: Diabetes Care. Vol. 41; No. 8; pp. 1801 - 1808; 0149-5992; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:31:34. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc18-0165. Disponible en: 10.2337/dc18-0165.Yao, Di; Wang, Suyu; Wang, Min; Lu, Weiping (2018) Renoprotection of dapagliflozin in human renal proximal tubular cells via the inhibition of the high mobility group box 1‑receptor for advanced glycation end products‑nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway. En: Molecular Medicine Reports. Vol. 18; No. 4; pp. 3625 - 3630; 1791-2997; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:33:10. Disponible en: https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2018.9393. Disponible en: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9393.Cowie, Martin R.; Fisher, Miles (2020) SGLT2 inhibitors: mechanisms of cardiovascular benefit beyond glycaemic control. En: Nature Reviews Cardiology. Vol. 17; No. 12; pp. 761 - 772; 1759-5002, 1759-5010; Consultado en: 2023/04/29/01:47:48. Disponible en: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-020-0406-8. Disponible en: 10.1038/s41569-020-0406-8.Ferrannini, Ele; Baldi, Simona; Frascerra, Silvia; Astiarraga, Brenno; Heise, Tim; Bizzotto, Roberto; Mari, Andrea; Pieber, Thomas R.; Muscelli, Elza (2016) Shift to Fatty Substrate Utilization in Response to Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Subjects Without Diabetes and Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. En: Diabetes. Vol. 65; No. 5; pp. 1190 - 1195; 0012-1797; Consultado en: 2024/01/18/01:44:28. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.2337/db15-1356. 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